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1 – 10 of over 131000George Gilligan and Grant Richardson
Discusses how important perceptions of tax fairness can be in forming tax‐compliant behaviour in various jurisdictions, based on a crosscultural study of Australia and Hong Kong…
Abstract
Discusses how important perceptions of tax fairness can be in forming tax‐compliant behaviour in various jurisdictions, based on a crosscultural study of Australia and Hong Kong. Defines fairness and its relationship with legitimacy. Describes a tax survey questionnaire administered to business students, which is broken down by demographic data and includes extensive correlations between tax‐fairness perception and tax‐compliance behaviour. Concludes that legitimacy is a crucial normative influence in shaping how fair tax systems are perceived to be and how likely people are to comply with their tax obligations.
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Sandeep Singh Sheoran, Shilpa Chaudhary and Kapil Kumar Kalkal
The purpose of this paper is to study the transient thermoelastic interactions in a nonlocal rotating magneto-thermoelastic medium with temperature-dependent properties…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the transient thermoelastic interactions in a nonlocal rotating magneto-thermoelastic medium with temperature-dependent properties. Three-phase-lag (TPL) model of generalized thermoelasticity is employed to study the problem. An initial magnetic field with constant intensity acts parallel to the bounding plane. Therefore, Maxwell's theory of electrodynamics has been effectively introduced and the expression for Lorentz's force is obtained with the help of modified Ohm's law.
Design/methodology/approach
The normal mode technique has been adopted to solve the resulting non-dimensional coupled field equations to obtain the expressions of physical field variables.
Findings
For uniformly distributed thermal load, normal displacement, temperature distribution and stress components are calculated numerically with the help of MATLAB software for a copper material and the results are illustrated graphically. Some particular cases of interest are also deduced from the present study.
Originality/value
Influences of nonlocal parameter, rotation, temperature-dependent properties, magnetic field and time are carefully analyzed for mechanically stress free boundary and uniformly distributed thermal load. The present work is useful and valuable for analysis of problem involving thermal shock, nonlocal parameter, temperature-dependent elastic and thermal moduli.
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Aatef Hobiny and Ibrahim Abbas
The purpose of this study is to use the generalized model for thermoelastic wave under the dual phase lag (DPL) model to compute the increment of temperature, the components of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to use the generalized model for thermoelastic wave under the dual phase lag (DPL) model to compute the increment of temperature, the components of displacement, the changes in volume fraction field and the stress components in a two-dimensional (2D) porous medium.
Design/methodology/approach
Using Fourier and Laplace transformations with the eigenvalue technique, the exact solutions of all physical quantities are obtained.
Findings
The derived method is evaluated with numerical results, which are applied to the porous medium in a simplified geometry.
Originality/value
Finally, the outcomes are graphically represented to show the difference among the models of classical dynamical coupled, the Lord and Shulman and DPL.
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Timothy Dombrowski, R. Kelley Pace and Rajesh P. Narayanan
Portfolios of mortgage loans played an important role in the Great Recession and continue to compose a material part of bank assets. This chapter investigates how cross-sectional…
Abstract
Portfolios of mortgage loans played an important role in the Great Recession and continue to compose a material part of bank assets. This chapter investigates how cross-sectional dependence in the underlying properties flows through to the loan returns, and thus, the risk of the portfolio. At one extreme, a portfolio of foreclosed mortgage loans becomes a portfolio of real estate whose returns exhibit substantial cross-sectional and spatial dependence. Near the other extreme, almost all loans perform and yield constant returns, which do not correlate with other performing loan returns. This suggests that loan performance effectively censors the random returns of the underlying properties. Following the statistical properties of the correlations among censored variables, the authors build off this foundation and show how the loan return correlations will rise as economic conditions deteriorate and the defaulting loans reveal the underlying housing correlations. In this chapter, the authors (1) adapt tools from spatial statistics to document substantial cross-sectional dependence across house price returns and examine the spatial structure of this dependence, (2) investigate the nonlinear nature of correlations among loan returns as a function of the default rate and the underlying house price correlations, and (3) conduct a simulation exercise using parameters from the empirical data to show the implications for holding a portfolio of mortgages.
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Hannarong Shamsub and Joseph B. Akoto
In the past two decades, much of the literature in the area of government financial management has been devoted to studying the causes of fiscal stress. Most studies emphasized…
Abstract
In the past two decades, much of the literature in the area of government financial management has been devoted to studying the causes of fiscal stress. Most studies emphasized the role of such factors as economic cycles, business relocation and factors beyond the control of policy makers as major causes of fiscal stress. This study extends the scope of the research in this area to investigate whether state and local fiscal structures contribute to fiscal stress. Using a pooled cross-sectional time-series approach with the state-local data ranging from 1982 to 1997, the result shows that: there is more significant difference in the composition of tax structures than that of total revenue; high aggregate spending is associated with high fiscal stress; state and local governments over-commit on the social welfare category; local revenue diversification is associated with low fiscal stress; and fiscal decentralization or high spending responsibility assumed by local governments is associated with low fiscal stress. The findings suggest that local revenue diversification and fiscal decentralization can be used as measures to reduce fiscal stress.