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Article
Publication date: 20 September 2011

Anita Zehrer

This paper aims to explore the pertinent issues of knowledge management in tourism using the example of tourism organizations in Austria.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the pertinent issues of knowledge management in tourism using the example of tourism organizations in Austria.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper undertakes a review of the relevant literature before applying Grant's model of knowledge management to Austrian tourism organizations. Data are gathered by means of a standardized online questionnaire.

Findings

The results of the study show that the majority of Austrian tourism organizations have implemented knowledge management according to Grant's model. However, there is potential for development and further improvement.

Practical implications

The implications for knowledge management in tourism organizations are provided in terms of general prerequisites for knowledge management as well as practical implications and suggestions relating to the identification, measurement, storage, sharing and integration of knowledge.

Originality/value

The use of knowledge has long been of interest to academics and practitioners, but research on it has been under‐developed in tourism. Despite the increasing conceptual studies on knowledge management in tourism in the last few years, this research uses a knowledge management model to assess the current status of knowledge management in Austrian tourism organizations and provides practical implications.

Article
Publication date: 12 October 2015

Mona Rashidirad, Ebrahim Soltani, Hamid Salimian and Yingying Liao

– This paper aims to investigate the applicability of Grant’s framework in the current changing and dynamic environment.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the applicability of Grant’s framework in the current changing and dynamic environment.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, a critical review of Grant’s paper was conducted to identify the limitations and weaknesses of the framework, which prevent its effective application in the current digital age.

Findings

As a result, this paper presented a modified framework and four propositions to consider dynamic capabilities in the new turbulent environment and extend the relationships between a firm’s resources, capabilities, dynamic capabilities, competitive advantage and competitive strategy. Findings tied to this initiative will provide important contributions to research.

Originality/value

Rooted in resource-based view (RBV), the proposed framework puts forward a valid theoretical foundation on how to create a competitive advantage from a firm’s internal factors, including strategic resources, capabilities and dynamic capabilities. Furthermore, it contributes to RBV literature by considering dynamic capabilities, as the firms’ most crucial factors in the current dynamic digital market.

Article
Publication date: 1 February 2002

Gerry Larsson

A model of successful leadership was developed using a qualitative research method in a reanalysis of Kaltman’s analysis of General Ulysses S. Grant’s leadership. The model rests…

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Abstract

A model of successful leadership was developed using a qualitative research method in a reanalysis of Kaltman’s analysis of General Ulysses S. Grant’s leadership. The model rests on a person by situation interactional perspective but has a person‐oriented focus. It suggests that leader actions are affected by task‐related competence, management competence, and social competence. These competencies, in turn, are affected by the leader’s physical shape, psychological base, and value base. The model was related to two leading models in the field: situational leadership and transformational leadership. The study constitutes an attempt to elicit tacit knowledge and put it into a scientific framework.

Details

Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7739

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 March 2020

Ubaid Ur Rehman and Amjad Iqbal

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of knowledge-oriented leadership on organizational performance of higher education institutions (HEIs) and examine the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of knowledge-oriented leadership on organizational performance of higher education institutions (HEIs) and examine the neglected mediating role of knowledge management (KM) processes and innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

Following the quantitative and cross-sectional research design, data were collected through self-administered questionnaire from 312 faculty members of HEIs of Pakistan. The partial least squares structural equation modelling data analysis technique was applied to test the hypothesized relationships.

Findings

The results indicate that knowledge-oriented leadership has direct and positive effect on organizational performance. Moreover, the findings reveal that KM processes and innovation partially mediate the effect of knowledge-oriented leadership on organizational performance.

Practical implications

This study underscores the imrportant role of knowledge-oriented leadership in HEIs. Findings of this research suggest that by exhibiting knowledge-oriented behaviours, managers of HEIs can effectively manage their knowledge assets, ensure successful implementation of KM processes and augment product and process innovation leading towards superior organizational performance.

Originality/value

This is amongst one of the first studies that proposes an integrated research model and examines interrelationships amongst knowledge-oriented leadership, KM processes, innovation and organizational performance in the context of HEIs.

Details

Business Process Management Journal, vol. 26 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-7154

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 14 October 2015

Rochelle Haynes and Phil Almond

This chapter will discuss the extent to which existing models on expatriate functions within the international business literature, still effectively capture the roles currently…

Abstract

Purpose

This chapter will discuss the extent to which existing models on expatriate functions within the international business literature, still effectively capture the roles currently performed by expatriate managers. It analyse the Edstrom and Galbraith (1977) typology and present a conceptual framework on the roles currently performed by expatriate managers within MNCs. To do this, it will draw inspiration from the resource-based view (Barney, 1991; Peng, M. W. (2001). The resource-based view and international business. Journal of Management, 27, 803–829. Wernerfelt, 1984), and the organisation capability view (Grant, 1996). Following several propositions about managers’ key functions within MNCs, challenges of creating an all-encompassing framework on expatriate functions, and suggestions for future research and theoretical development will be identified.

Methodology/approach

This chapter will present a conceptual framework on expatriate functions.

Originality/value

Four decades since Edstrom and Galbraith’s seminal work, international developments have continued to impress upon the way MNCs organise and manage their worldwide activities. Yet, as the business environment progresses, theoretical models examining how international development impact the functions undertaken by expatriate managers within MNCs individuals are still relatively scarce. Hence, this chapter aims to contribute to the theoretical advancement in the area of expatriate functions by highlighting possible changes and expansion of expatriate managers within the current global business context.

Details

The Future Of Global Organizing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-422-5

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 September 2020

Shahnawaz Muhammed and Halil Zaim

This study aims to focus on a particular type of intra-organizational knowledge sharing that is referred to as peer knowledge sharing. This paper examines how peer knowledge

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to focus on a particular type of intra-organizational knowledge sharing that is referred to as peer knowledge sharing. This paper examines how peer knowledge sharing impacts firms’ financial and innovation performance, and the mechanism through which such a relationship is realized. The study also evaluates the extent to which leadership support acts as a key antecedent to peer knowledge sharing.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on social capital theory and a knowledge-based view of firms, a theoretical model and related hypotheses are presented for testing. A survey design methodology is used to collect data and test the model. Structural equation modeling is used to test the hypothesized relationships based on data collected from 330 knowledge workers in various service-based organizations in Turkey.

Findings

The results indicate that the extent of employees’ engagement in knowledge sharing behavior with their peers and their managers’ leadership support exert a positive impact on organizations’ knowledge management success, which, in turn, can affect organizations’ innovation performance positively and, subsequently, their financial performance. Leadership support of the immediate manager is found to be an important factor that contributes to the respondent’s peer knowledge sharing behavior. The proposed model’s invariance testing between male and female respondents revealed that peer knowledge sharing’s contribution to knowledge management success may be different in the two groups.

Research limitations/implications

This study contributes to extant research on knowledge sharing by specifically focusing on peer knowledge sharing and reinforcing leadership support’s importance on knowledge sharing. The study also highlights the importance of knowledge management success as an important mediator necessary for linking individual knowledge management behaviors, such as peer knowledge sharing, with organizational performance.

Originality/value

Knowledge sharing is a topic of continuing interest for organizational researchers, yet limited empirical research has been conducted that links individual-level, intra-organizational knowledge sharing to organizational performance. This study examines this linkage and provides empirical support for this relationship, while simultaneously pointing to an important type of knowledge sharing that occurs within organizations, referred to as peer knowledge sharing.

Book part
Publication date: 18 September 2006

Nathan P. Podsakoff, Wei Shen and Philip M. Podsakoff

Since the publication of Venkatraman and Grant's (1986) article two decades ago, considerably more attention has been directed at establishing the validity of constructs in the…

Abstract

Since the publication of Venkatraman and Grant's (1986) article two decades ago, considerably more attention has been directed at establishing the validity of constructs in the strategy literature. However, recent developments in measurement theory indicate that strategy researchers need to pay additional attention to whether their constructs should be modeled as having formative or reflective indicators. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to highlight the differences between formative and reflective indicator measurement models, and discuss the potential role of formative measurement models in strategy research. First, we systematically review the literature on construct measurement model specification. Second, we assess the extent of measurement model misspecification in the recent strategy literature. Our assessment of 257 constructs in the contemporary strategy literature suggests that many important strategy constructs are more appropriately modeled as having formative indicators than as having reflective indicators. Based on this review, we identify some common errors leading to measurement model misspecification in the strategy domain. Finally, we discuss some implications of our analyses for scholars in the strategic management field.

Details

Research Methodology in Strategy and Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76231-339-6

Article
Publication date: 20 February 2009

Wayne R. Philp and Christopher P. Martin

The purpose of this paper is to explore the temporal relationship of information to decision making (based on shared intentions and common desired end‐states) by proposing a

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the temporal relationship of information to decision making (based on shared intentions and common desired end‐states) by proposing a moment of temporal convergence when the human perception of events in time, and the time‐depreciating‐value of knowledge in the face of opposition and uncertainty, may map onto a future goal‐state. The concept of temporal convergence was developed to help apply information and knowledge management theory to some of the complex military processes addressed under Network‐Centric Warfare, such as: commander's intent, course of action, situational awareness and self‐synchronisation.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is grounded in a pragmatist philosophy and constructivist epistemology. The argument is intuitive and uses common‐sense examples to elucidate the concepts.

Findings

The framework is shown to be useful in describing and reasoning about the knowledge requirements and prerequisites for distributed decision‐making through the sharing of situational knowledge and common intentions, with practical application to the planning and execution of operations. And to the designers of knowledge management systems seeking to address this space, it presents a real and practical challenge that could generate novel temporal approaches to data and information management.

Originality/value

The importance of time and epistemology has been neglected in the knowledge and information management literature, especially in the operational context. Time and knowledge have been conceptualised in conventional knowledge management systems as either “timeless” recordings of procedures, or time‐stamped records of past events and states. This paper explores relatively new conceptions of time‐and‐knowledge, which should be of significance and interest to the wider community.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 27 October 2014

Simonne Vermeylen

This paper proposes to rethink the concepts of relevance and usefulness and their relation to the theory–practice gap in management research.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper proposes to rethink the concepts of relevance and usefulness and their relation to the theory–practice gap in management research.

Methodology/approach

On the basis of the cognitive-linguistic relevance theory or inferential pragmatics, supplemented by insights from information science, we define relevance as a general conceptual category, while reserving usefulness for the instrumental application in a particular case.

Findings

There is no reason to hold onto the difference between theoretical and practical relevance, nor to distinguish between instrumental and conceptual relevance.

Originality/value

This novel approach will help to clarify the confusion in the field and contribute to a better understanding of the added value of management research.

Details

A Focused Issue on Building New Competences in Dynamic Environments
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-274-6

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 July 2012

Paolo Canonico, Ernesto De Nito and Gianluigi Mangia

This paper aims to deal with knowledge integration in projects, focusing on teams that deal with exploitative nature of knowledge work and implement standard solutions with minor

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to deal with knowledge integration in projects, focusing on teams that deal with exploitative nature of knowledge work and implement standard solutions with minor refinements developed over time. In the research the authors seek to analyze how the organizational control mechanisms adopted within project teams that deal with exploitative nature of knowledge work influence knowledge integration outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

The research unfolded considering a single case study, as this approach was considered useful in gaining in‐depth, holistic understanding of the phenomenon studied. The authors started with a preliminary on‐site observation done with the aim of making subsequent interviews simpler and more productive. They therefore conducted semi‐structured interviews with the head of human resources and with two project managers and four members of two project teams.

Findings

The results show how in coherence with Grant's classification it is possible to argue that in this context the main control mechanism to integrate knowledge is provided by different forms of standardization. In the case of the company under investigation, formal control mechanisms based on a calculative approach are seen as a way to rule out the process of product delivery and enable effective knowledge integration by clarifying tasks and responsibilities.

Originality/value

This paper witnesses that, in exploitative project teams, formal control mechanisms may play the role of administering information exchange in order to achieve projects outcome and the desired level of knowledge integration.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

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