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The purpose of this article is to discuss the implications of three lessons that leaders can learn from Canada geese to leadership and teamwork in organizations.

Migratory behavior of Canada geese is compared to widespread behavior among leaders and teams in organizations.

The first lesson is: work as a team: Canada Geese migrate long distances flying in V‐formation. This formation results in lesser wind resistance, which allows the whole flock to add around 70 percent greater flying range than if each bird flew alone. Geese find out quickly that it pays handsomely to be team players. Second, wise leadership: when the leader at the apex of the V gets tired, it is relieved by another goose. Leaders rotate, empower, delegate, and even step down when it's in the best interest of the team. How often do we see this taking place among organizational leaders? Wise leaders ensure that their followers are well trained and developed in order to achieve true empowerment and smooth succession processes. Third, humane behavior: if a goose drops to the ground when it gets hurt or sick, two of its colleagues go down with it to take care of it until it either gets healthier or dies. In this fast‐paced and competitive age, we seldom see managers going out of their way to help colleagues who are in trouble. In organizations, morale, productivity, and loyalty increase when employees are treated humanely.

This paper discusses ways that leaders, teams, and organizations can improve performance by applying three lessons learned from Canada geese.

The purpose of this paper is to compare morphological and physical features of three kinds of materials intended for the insulating layer in the clothing protecting against cold – high-bulk non-woven, goose down (GD) and duck down (DD).

Comparison of thermal performance of developed textile systems with the non-woven, GD and DD content was based on basic biophysical properties related to comfort sensations of the user such as thermal resistance, water vapor resistance and air permeability. In this study, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods were employed to visualize the surface and internal structure of non-woven, GD and DD samples.

The paper indicates the advantages and disadvantages of each of selected insulating material. For the down samples, significantly higher thermal resistance in a dry state than for the non-woven samples can be achieved. Meanwhile, textile systems with the non-woven provide lower value of water vapor resistance. The selected textile systems for the research were characterized by a comparable air permeability.

This paper allows for an evaluation of high-bulk non-woven, DD and GD samples in terms of providing optimal thermal performance in clothing protecting against cold.

The purpose of this paper is to deal with performance verification of thermal insulation fillings that are used for outer clothes into cold environments. Thermal properties of filling materials (down and three sophisticated fillings) were tested under condition approaching real weather conditions in Middle Europe.

In the paper, modern method of thermal resistance Rct measurement, by Sweating Guarded-Hotplate system, was compared with method of Technical University of Liberec (TUL method). The TUL method shows good results and it is applicable even at ambient temperatures below zero, which fully corresponds to real application of the insulation filling.

Evaluation of fibre battings were carried out even at temperatures below the freezing point, which is important for simulation of actual application of these filling structures. The highest thermal resistance of goose down confirm that natural materials have their irreplaceable position, especially in application into clothes for extreme conditions.

There does not include effect of the humidity change on thermal insulation properties. It will be subject of further research of authors.

The investigation of thermal insulation properties were carried out under conditions approaching real application of tested materials, namely, at low ambient temperature.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the thermal insulation and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) according to the type of the filling material, and compared the thermal insulation in the dynamic state considering actual wearing conditions.

The thermal insulation and WVTR were evaluated in a standard state depending on the type of filling material (goose down (GD), duck down (DD), Thinsulate700 (T700), Thinsulate600 (T600) and Polyester (PET)), and the changes in thermal insulation were examined by measuring the microclimate in the case of an environmental change from a high temperature to a low temperature. In addition, the clumping of filling material and the changes in the thickness/weight depending on the laundry process were observed, and the relationships with the thermal insulation were analyzed.

The results showed that for natural filling materials (GD and DD), the thermal insulation deteriorated significantly due to changes in the thickness/weight after laundering ten times, and water washing was more appropriate than the dry cleaning. On the other hand, the artificial filling materials (T700, T600 and PET) showed a relatively smaller difference, except for clumping, when they went through more dry cleaning or water washing cycles compared to the natural filling materials.

The results showed that the laundry methods have different effects on the damage to the filling material, the change in thermal insulation, and the change in the comfort-related physical property. Therefore, it is important to select the optimal laundry method depending on the filling material.

Two hearings recently held in the House and the Senate demonstrate the diametrically opposing viewpoints about whether electronic monitoring is beneficial to business or harmful to productivity. The two monitoring bills introduced in Congress are depicted as preventing abuses of electronic monitoring in the workplace; passage would greatly restrict unannounced monitoring of employees to the point of eliminating monitoring as a management tool.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the fibers obtained from chicken feathers have a possibility to be used or not used in Winter outerwears as a filling material in terms of thermal insulation parameters.

In the study, thermal properties of the heat-resistant interlining samples produced from the chicken feathers fibers were analyzed in comparison with the samples produced from the industrial filling materials.

In the study, it was revealed that the use of chicken feathers fibers as filling material in Winter outerwears was possible.

The use of chicken feather fibers in Winter outerwears as a filling material will be an extremely low-cost alternative to pile flies of water birds which are sufficiently expensive filling materials.

A significant portion of the chicken feather, which is released as a by-product in the production of chicken meat, is destroyed as industrial waste by digging or burning. Some of this product is used in the production of such cheap products as poultry feed. In the case of the production of fibers from the chicken feather, the use of these fibers as a filler in Winter clothing along with environmental protection will allow the use of this product for the production of products of higher cost.

The use of feathers’ material as a filling material in Winter outerwears has been known since ancient times. Due to the rough structure and low elasticity of chicken feathers, chicken feathers are not the best raw material for this purpose. This study revealed that it is possible to use chicken feathers as a filling material in terms of heat protection. The study is original in this respect.

To have a better understanding of the heat transfer mechanisms in a sleeping bag and to investigate the factors influencing thermal resistance of a down sleeping bag.

The mechanism of heat transfer in a sleeping bag was discussed in this paper. The thermal resistances of 24 samples were investigated. Besides, the relation between fill weight and thermal resistance, and that between the air permeability of fabric and thermal resistance, as well as that between down filling rate and thermal resistance were analyzed.

The results showed that thermal resistances of samples varied from 0.35 to 0.8 m² K/W. The fill weight was the most important factor of thermal resistance of sleeping bag and the relation between fill weight and thermal resistance matched well with cubic function. A multiple regression formula was proposed, which with thermal resistance as a dependent variable and with air permeability of fabric, down filling rate, fill weight as independent variables.

Thermal properties of a sleeping bag were analyzed through simplified basic unit under simplified environment conditions, which was necessary for building the first stage of systematic study of thermal performance of a sleeping bag.

Presents, at some length, the story of the writer’s father, sharing the history and experiences of a generation who prospered in the Chinese laundry industry. Chronicles the introduction of the wholesale shirt laundry, presenting new innovations and ideas and branching out into new regulated businesses in other fields, showing how emerging problems were tackled and overcome. Cites that most of the information is from memory, observation, letters and manuals. Considers the development and changes in the industry from 1930 to 1970, looking also at the accompanying changes in standards of living.

This study aims to comparatively reveal the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of horse tail and mane hairs, which have the potential to be used in many areas.

Physical properties of horsehairs such as diameter, density, moisture and water absorption were measured. Fourier transform infrared, field emission scanning electron microscopy and amino acid analyzes were applied to the hairs. Thermal stability of horsehair was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. In addition, breaking strength and elongation values of mane and tail hairs were measured.

As a result of morphological analysis of horsehair, it was observed that there are usually gaps in the internal structure of horsehair, but the size and continuity of these gaps vary. It has been determined that there is a significant difference between the tenacity values of tail and mane hairs as well as geometric characteristics. In addition, amino acid analysis has shown that the amino acid contents of horse tail and mane hairs are similar and not much different from sheep’s wool.

Horsehair has been used for various purposes such as clothing, accessories, brushes, upholstery and reinforcement material. To use horsehair in accordance with its application area and performance characteristics, it is necessary to know its physical, thermal and mechanical properties. It is considerable to reveal the similar and different aspects of tail and mane hairs to determine whether they are alternatives to each other. Therefore, revealing the characteristics of tail and mane hairs comparatively constitutes the originality of this study.

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