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Article
Publication date: 11 August 2020

Carlos Siu Lam

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the evolution of Macao's gaming credit practices with reference to its promulgation of the gaming credit law after its gaming

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the evolution of Macao's gaming credit practices with reference to its promulgation of the gaming credit law after its gaming liberalization.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews with casino executives, government officials and gamblers to probe their perspectives on Macao's gaming credit practices was adopted due to its underresearched nature. Documentary analysis of annual reports and court files was also used.

Findings

Despite the potential of increased revenue with more credit, the credit risk for gaming concessionaires remained under control, while VIP-rooms and junket operators have adopted more prudent policy and faced substantial challenge in credit collection. All these would lead to greater alignment with law-based credit practices.

Research limitations/implications

Since gaming credit information was considered confidential, the author experienced difficulty in arranging the interviews, and the nonprobability sampling characterized by the selection bias might affect the findings.

Practical implications

The findings have demonstrated some major credit practices such as credit charges on credit balances and terms and conditions for repayment for different credit providers in Macao.

Originality/value

The different credit practices by credit providers at different levels of gaming credit have been presented in the same paper.

Details

Asian Education and Development Studies, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-3162

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 August 2020

Changbin Wang

The purpose of this paper is to review Macao's gaming regulation from 2001, when competition was introduced into the gaming market, to the present and discuss the potential…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review Macao's gaming regulation from 2001, when competition was introduced into the gaming market, to the present and discuss the potential methods to improve the regulatory system in the future.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts the qualitative approach, investigating and studying the contents, changes and enforcement of the gaming legislations.

Findings

The gaming regulation in Macao has made great progress in the past two decades. Before 2001, the gaming market was monopolized, and the gaming regulation was merely a concession system. Law No. 16/2001, together with the other laws and regulations promulgated later, established a regulatory framework containing rules of suitability check, casino entry, competition, internal control, gaming promotion, credit gaming and antimoney laundering. The implementation of the rules has also drawn attention of the international community.

Originality/value

This paper reviews the gaming regulation in Macao in all its major aspects for the first time and argues that a framework of gaming regulation has been established in Macao although it needs to be improved.

Details

Asian Education and Development Studies, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-3162

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 January 2017

Carlos Siu Lam and Malcolm Greenlees

Apart from presenting an overview and background on anti-money laundering (AML) rules and procedures for casinos in both Macao and the USA, this paper aims to examine the…

Abstract

Purpose

Apart from presenting an overview and background on anti-money laundering (AML) rules and procedures for casinos in both Macao and the USA, this paper aims to examine the differences in their regulatory approaches with regard to their existing AML reporting processes and discusses possible weaknesses in their respective regulatory regime.

Design/methodology/approach

Given that the regulations and statistics on the AML issues may not all be publicly available, the authors managed to secure some data from the bureaus concerned through published reports and interviews with government officials. Regarding the AML procedures in casinos, the authors attempted to go over the annual reports published by the casinos for submission to the Hong Kong Stock Exchanges and Clearing Limited because all these casinos are listed companies in Hong Kong.

Findings

This paper analyzes the trends in reporting numbers and the categorization of the types of suspicious activity reports filed both in Macao and the USA. While the US suspicious activity reporting focuses on efforts to avoid currency reporting, Macao emphasizes improper or inadequate documentation and identification.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the few articles comparing the AML rules and procedures between casinos in the USA and Macao. It seeks to highlight the differences in their regulatory approaches and discusses the expected future direction of AML legislation.

Details

Journal of Money Laundering Control, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1368-5201

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 March 2022

Hyerim Cho, Chris Hubbles and Heather Moulaison-Sandy

Author information is one of the primary metadata elements for information access. While assigning “author(s)” has been relatively straightforward in library systems for textual…

Abstract

Purpose

Author information is one of the primary metadata elements for information access. While assigning “author(s)” has been relatively straightforward in library systems for textual resources, challenges have emerged in recording creatorship information for collaborative creative works, with surrogates erring on the side of caution and providing little information. This study aims to present improvements to the conceptual understanding of collaborative creatorship and relevant cataloging practice in video games.

Design/methodology/approach

The current study is a theoretical investigation of the authorship role of individuals in collaborative creative works, using video games as a case study. The investigation is based on the literature on video game user needs and authorship theory.

Findings

Reviews of literature present a disconnect between video game information user needs and currently available author information in library systems. Further analysis of the author/creator concept reveals insufficiencies in adopting auteur theory as the theory is applied to film. Exploration of access practices for other large collaborative creative products and an analysis of user tasks show potentially fruitful directions for future studies. This study recommends identifying primary roles that individuals adopt in video game creations and leveraging crowdsourced-creator information in library databases to enhance the visibility of author information for video games.

Originality/value

By incorporating authorship theories and research from various domains such as film studies, intellectual history and library and information science, this study provides interdisciplinary, theoretical considerations as well as practical suggestions to enhance the current cataloging practice.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 78 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 May 2015

Jeffrey Simser

This paper aims to explore the challenge posed by Bitcoin to regulators, particularly anti-money laundering regulators. Bitcoin is a crypto-currency based on open-source software…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the challenge posed by Bitcoin to regulators, particularly anti-money laundering regulators. Bitcoin is a crypto-currency based on open-source software and protocols that operates in peer-to-peer networks as a private irreversible payment mechanism. The protocol allows cross-border payments, for large and small items, with little or no transactional costs.

Design/methodology/approach

Case studies and case law are examined as are relevant reports by regulators.

Findings

Bitcoin is based on complex computer code supported by a robust community in a peer-to-peer network. Unlike other virtual currencies, Bitcoin appears to have obtained purchase and as such poses unique challenges to regulators.

Research limitations/implications

Bitcoin is at a nascent stage and the evolution of the virtual currency is difficult to predict.

Practical implications

Those who study financial systems, anti-money laundering regimes and asset forfeiture laws will have an interest in this topic.

Originality/value

This is a new and emerging currency; there is limited literature on the implications of this currency to anti-money laundering systems.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 18 April 2023

Keenan Cross

The purpose of this study is to survey the landscape of online collections of digital games.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to survey the landscape of online collections of digital games.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the study identifies existing sites hosting collections and criteria that make a collection valuable for research, then it reports on sites that fit the criteria and analyzes trends.

Findings

Most sites provide simple binary downloads, but some choose encapsulation. Common metadata terms consistently include genre, year of release and publisher. Most sites claim the right to provide their collections as “abandonware,” but remove games if they are asked to.

Research limitations/implications

This study was conducted using a very limited subcategory of digital games, which could be expanded in other studies. Future research may require a multilingual team to account for collections based in non–English-speaking countries. Direct communication with sites’ management may be valuable in the future as well, but was not conducted in this study.

Practical implications

The study identifies practices that have developed organically in this field without any guiding standards. Understanding these may aid in Humanities research into digital games, as well as potential collection development in the future.

Social implications

Digital games are increasingly important as cultural artifacts, and there is a growing effort to preserve them for the future, but there are no standards for collecting and providing them. Understanding how this is currently done can help in providing access into the future for both casual and analytical use.

Originality/value

While game preservation is a growing and active field of research, no study has been published in recent years on this particular subject. It will be valuable for the development of future collections and for research using current ones.

Details

Digital Transformation and Society, vol. 2 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2755-0761

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1998

Alison Smith and Stephen Tilley

This paper presents a critical analysis of a national organisation involved in credit rating, focusing on credit rating as a quality assurance issue. The organisation ‐ The…

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Abstract

This paper presents a critical analysis of a national organisation involved in credit rating, focusing on credit rating as a quality assurance issue. The organisation ‐ The SCOTCAT Health Studies Group (SHSG) ‐ began with an ethos of self‐help and mutual aid. It now inhabits a world sited ambiguously between, on the one hand, professional and fee‐for‐service imperatives and, on the other hand, an emergent Government‐sponsored rhetoric of transparency and cooperation for life‐long learning. The paper stems from our concern that issues of quality may be compromised by these imperatives and tensions. We have used the metaphor of SHSG as a “life form” to facilitate exploration of its origins, structure, and place in a wider context, noting limits in the metaphor’s power to illuminate these matters. The paper addresses issues which SHSG must face, as an organisation having members from both the professional (nursing) and the higher educational domains must face; particularly when the two worlds it bridges are changing. The analysis focuses on four themes: evolution, co‐operation, confidence, and mutual recognition of quality. Each theme has a reflexive aspect. Linkages between the themes are discussed in light of the development of SHSG, and some general issues related to changes in inter‐institutional relationships are raised.

Details

Quality Assurance in Education, vol. 6 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0968-4883

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 October 2009

Andrew Klebanow

Over the past several years, the term “Player Reinvestment” been used more frequently when describing the money and effort casinos expend in retaining profitable gaming customers…

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Abstract

Purpose

Over the past several years, the term “Player Reinvestment” been used more frequently when describing the money and effort casinos expend in retaining profitable gaming customers. Most often, player reinvestment refers to the suite of benefits and offers that casinos give to various segments of their databases. The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of player reinvestment.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on the author's experience in the gaming industry as well as studies that have been done by his organization, Gaming Market Advisors.

Findings

This paper provides definitions for the components that make up player reinvestment, and how casinos measure those costs and the benefits that these investments contribute to their revenue streams. Further, the paper shows the range of expenditures that casinos in the US gaming market expend on fostering customer loyalty.

Practical implications

This paper is written by a gaming industry executive for gaming industry managers. It contains conceptual as well as specific information on how to manage a player reinvestment program.

Originality/value

The player clubs in casinos have to be looked at as an investment to bring existing players back to the casino. This paper explains the concept of player reinvestment, an emerging practice in casino management.

Details

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, vol. 1 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4217

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 February 2024

Changbin Wang

This paper examines the changes in Macao's gaming public policy following the 2022 revision of the gaming law. The revision introduces more regulations on the gaming industry and…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper examines the changes in Macao's gaming public policy following the 2022 revision of the gaming law. The revision introduces more regulations on the gaming industry and highlights the gaming industry's contribution to economic diversification, anti-money laundering and national security. The paper analyzes the economic, cultural and political factors that motivated these changes and evaluates the effectiveness of the new gaming public policy.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper compares the different versions of Macao's gaming laws and the gaming laws of Nevada and New Jersey, using a qualitative approach to interpret the meanings behind the law text.

Findings

The paper reveals that Macao's gaming public policy has changed significantly. The revised policy focuses more on economic diversification than the growth of the gaming industry and imposes more responsibilities on the gaming operators. It predicts that Macao's gaming industry will face more difficulties in increasing its market share in the next decade.

Practical implications

The findings of this paper can help the Macao government assess its gaming public policy and other governments learn from the complex situation when developing their public policies.

Social implications

The findings of this paper can enhance the understanding of Macao's gaming laws and the reality of Macao's gaming industry.

Originality/value

This paper is the first in academia to address Macao's new public policy toward gaming.

Details

Asian Education and Development Studies, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2046-3162

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 30 December 2004

Terry Austrin and Jackie West

The legalization of gambling is moving this once deviant sector into the mainstream of commercial entertainment, with the global hotel-casino increasingly adopted as a state…

Abstract

The legalization of gambling is moving this once deviant sector into the mainstream of commercial entertainment, with the global hotel-casino increasingly adopted as a state initiative on economic redevelopment. But corporate capitalist interests do not result in universal trends since local regulatory frameworks are crucial. Although gambling is being normalized as mass consumption, it remains to some extent an exceptional business, subject both to global innovation in the technology of surveillance and variable local controls. The paper argues that the effects of glocalization on the organization of work are equally variable, drawing on fieldwork and case studies from the USA, Australasia and the U.K.

Details

Globalism/Localism at Work
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-229-0

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