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Article
Publication date: 24 August 2010

Kumar S. Ray and Piyali Chatterjee

The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative approach to approximate reasoning by DNA computing, thereby adding a new dimension to the existing approximate reasoning…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative approach to approximate reasoning by DNA computing, thereby adding a new dimension to the existing approximate reasoning method by bringing it down to nanoscale computing. The logical aspect of approximate reasoning is replaced by DNA chemistry.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this goal, first the synthetic DNA sequence fuzzified by quantum dot, which is a recent advancement of nanotechnology. Thus with the help of fuzzy DNA, which holds the vague concept of human reasoning, the basic method of approximate reasoning on a DNA chip is realized. This approach avoids the tedious choice of a suitable implication operator (for a particular application) necessary for existing approximate reasoning based on fuzzy logic. The inferred consequences obtained from DNA computing‐based approximate reasoning is ultimately hybridized with appropriate complementary sequence probed on a DNA‐chip to confirm the result of inference.

Findings

The present approach is suitable for reasoning under vague and uncertain environment and does not require any subject choice of any individual expert, which is essential for existing approximate reasoning method.

Originality/value

This new tool for approximate reasoning based on DNA computing is applicable to several problems of science and engineering; namely pattern classification, control theory, weather forecasting, atmospheric science, etc.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2012

Kumar S. Ray and Mandrita Mondal

The purpose of this study is to develop a Turing machine or a finite automaton, which scans the input data tape in the form of DNA sequences and inspires the basic design of a DNA

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a Turing machine or a finite automaton, which scans the input data tape in the form of DNA sequences and inspires the basic design of a DNA computer.

Design/methodology/approach

This model based on a splicing system can solve fuzzy reasoning autonomously by using DNA sequences and human assisted protocols. Its hardware consists of class IIS restriction enzyme and T4 DNA ligase while the software consists of double stranded DNA sequences and transition molecules which are capable of encoding fuzzy rules. Upon mixing solutions containing these components, the automaton undergoes a cascade of cleaving and splicing cycles to produce the computational result in form of double stranded DNA sequence representing automaton's final state.

Findings

In this work, the authors have fused the idea of a splicing system with the automata theory to develop fuzzy molecular automaton in which 1,018 processors can work in parallel, requiring a trillion times less space for information storage, is 105 times faster than the existing super computer and 1,019 power operations can be performed using one Joule of energy.

Originality/value

This paper presents a generalized model for biologically inspired computation in nano scale.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 5 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 August 2023

Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji, Hojatallah Sharifpour Arabi, Moein Beheshti and Demetris Vrontis

This research aims to extract Industry 4.0 technological building blocks (TBBs) capable of value generation in collaborative consumption (CC) and the sharing economy (SE)…

Abstract

Purpose

This research aims to extract Industry 4.0 technological building blocks (TBBs) capable of value generation in collaborative consumption (CC) and the sharing economy (SE). Furthermore, by employing a mixed methodology, this research strives to analyse the relationship amongst TBBs and classify them based on their impact on CC.

Design/methodology/approach

Due to the importance of technology for the survival of collaborative consumption in the future, this study suggests a classification of the auxiliary and fundamental Industry 4.0 technologies and their current upgrades, such as the metaverse or non-fungible tokens (NFT). First, by applying a systematic literature review and thematic analysis (SLR-TA), the authors extracted the TBBs that impact on collaborative consumption and SE. Then, using the Bayesian best-worst method (BBWM), TBBs are weighted and classified using experts’ opinions. Eventually, a score function is proposed to measure organisations’ readiness level to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies.

Findings

The findings illustrated that virtual reality (VR) plays a vital role in CC and SE. Of the 11 TBBs identified in the CC and SE, VR was selected as the most determinant TBB and metaverse was recognised as the least important. Furthermore, digital twins, big data and VR were labelled as “fundamental”, and metaverse, augmented reality (AR), and additive manufacturing were stamped as “discretional”. Moreover, cyber-physical systems (CPSs) and artificial intelligence (AI) were classified as “auxiliary” technologies.

Originality/value

With an in-depth investigation, this research identifies TBBs of Industry 4.0 with the capability of value generation in CC and SE. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research that identifies and examines the TBBs of Industry 4.0 in the CC and SE sectors and examines them. Furthermore, a novel mixed method has identified, weighted and classified pertinent technologies. The score function that measures the readiness level of each company to adopt TBBs in CC and SE is a unique contribution.

Details

Management Decision, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 2006

A.F. Rocha and E. Massad

Since proposed by Darwin, evolution is considered to be dependent on a source of genetic variability that must be constrained by environmental conditions in order to generate…

Abstract

Purpose

Since proposed by Darwin, evolution is considered to be dependent on a source of genetic variability that must be constrained by environmental conditions in order to generate stable (adapted) phenotypes. Several sources and causes of this variability have been proposed so far. This paper aims to posit that ambiguity of fuzzy grammars is the main source of genetic variability on which natural selection operates.

Design/methodology/approach

Formal grammars (FG) were proposed as the tool to deal with human and artificial languages. Fuzzy formal grammars (FFGs) are the extension of the formalism in the Theory of Fuzzy Logic and are ambiguous grammars. Here, the ambiguity of the ordered set of chemical interactions – the so‐called signal transduction pathways (stp), linking membranes events to DNA reading and protein synthesis – is assumed as an inner source of variability that must be constrained by environmental conditions. Fuzzy formal languages (FFL) theory is used to mathematically formalize the biology concept of stp.

Findings

The genome variability is the result of the constraints imposed by the environment on the grammar intrinsic ambiguity.

Practical implications

The formalism of this model provides a new way to analyze and interpret the findings of the different genome sequencing projects.

Originality/value

The theoretical framework developed here provides a new perspective of understanding the code of life and evolution.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 35 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 2006

E. Massad and A.F. Rocha

This second part of a companion paper seeks to extend the theory proposed to apply the hierarchy of fuzzy formal language to cope with the three major phenomenon of life…

Abstract

Purpose

This second part of a companion paper seeks to extend the theory proposed to apply the hierarchy of fuzzy formal language to cope with the three major phenomenon of life: replication, control and shuffling of genetic information.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to cope with the proposal, three new classes of FFG are proposed: replicating grammars: to formalize properties and consequences of DNA duplication; self‐controlled grammars: to provide the tools to control the grammar ambiguity and to improve adaptability, and recombinant grammars: to formalize properties and consequences of the sexual reproduction to life evolution. Considering all these facts, FFG are proposed as the key instrument to formalize the basic properties of the chemical transactions supporting life.

Findings

The formalism of the model provides a new way to analyze and interpret the findings of the different genome sequencing projects.

Originality/value

The theoretical framework developed here provides a new perspective of understanding the code of life and evolution.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 35 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2000

George K. Chako

Briefly reviews previous literature by the author before presenting an original 12 step system integration protocol designed to ensure the success of companies or countries in…

7203

Abstract

Briefly reviews previous literature by the author before presenting an original 12 step system integration protocol designed to ensure the success of companies or countries in their efforts to develop and market new products. Looks at the issues from different strategic levels such as corporate, international, military and economic. Presents 31 case studies, including the success of Japan in microchips to the failure of Xerox to sell its invention of the Alto personal computer 3 years before Apple: from the success in DNA and Superconductor research to the success of Sunbeam in inventing and marketing food processors: and from the daring invention and production of atomic energy for survival to the successes of sewing machine inventor Howe in co‐operating on patents to compete in markets. Includes 306 questions and answers in order to qualify concepts introduced.

Details

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 12 no. 2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-5855

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 22 November 2021

Saheli Nath

This chapter explores collective imageries of the distant future and unpacks how fuzzy frames that anticipate things-to-come lead to variations in “technological solutions”…

Abstract

This chapter explores collective imageries of the distant future and unpacks how fuzzy frames that anticipate things-to-come lead to variations in “technological solutions” envisioned for the distant future. It suggests that these frames are characterized by the struggle over the construction of different future plots and the proselytization of divergent pathways to the future. Such frames are a product of collective anticipation, which refers to a set of ideas, imageries and beliefs about the future that can be located in the form of structures of knowledge, such as cultural artifacts, scientific products and political frames that shape the thinking of the collective. This chapter posits that the “fuzziness” of our frames anticipating the distant future could be reduced through a selective process where alternatives of the future are winnowed out by processes of selection and exclusion based on faith, values and evidence.

Details

Thinking about Cognition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-824-2

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Marketisation and Forensic Science Provision in England and Wales
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-124-7

Article
Publication date: 1 July 2001

Luis Mateus Rocha

A recommendation system for an extended process of information retrieval in distributed information systems is proposed. This system is both a model of dynamic cognitive…

Abstract

A recommendation system for an extended process of information retrieval in distributed information systems is proposed. This system is both a model of dynamic cognitive categorization processes and powerful real application useful for knowledge management. It utilizes an extension of fuzzy sets named evidence sets as the mathematical mechanisms to implement the categorization processes. It is a development of some aspects of Pask’s conversation theory. It is also an instance of the notion of linguistic‐based selected self‐organization here described, and as such it instantiates an open‐ended semiosis between distributed information systems and the communities of users they interact with. This means that the knowledge stored in distributed information resources adapts to the evolving semantic expectations of their users as these select the information they desire in conversation with the information resources. This way, this recommendation system establishes a mechanism for user‐driven knowledge self‐organization.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 30 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 April 2020

Sourav Kumar Bhoi, Sanjaya Kumar Panda, Kalyan Kumar Jena, Chittaranjan Mallick and Akhtar Khan

Fish are considered as one of the important aquatic animals in the planet. They play a vital role in the nutrient cycle. They can be considered as one of the healthy food for…

Abstract

Purpose

Fish are considered as one of the important aquatic animals in the planet. They play a vital role in the nutrient cycle. They can be considered as one of the healthy food for human beings. They can also act as a solution for some of the human health problems. If fish are affected by several diseases, they in turn provide an adverse effect on human health. Therefore, it is very much essential to protect fish from being affected by any diseases.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is mainly focused on the identification of the red spot diseased area in fish. In this work, a fuzzy rule based method (FRBAM) and triangular membership function (TMFN) is used to identify the red spot disease (RSD) in the fish by analyzing several red spot diseased fish (RSDF) images. The canny edge detector is used for intermediate processing of RSDF images.

Findings

The proposed method is able to identify the red pixels over the fish by marking the affected area with red color by using a standard RGB model.

Originality/value

The proposed method follows FRBAM and TMFN in order to detect the RSD and canny edge detector for processing of RSDF images. Finally, it is tested using ten different image sizes and the results show its better performance in terms of detection of RSD affected regions of fish and execution time.

Details

Grey Systems: Theory and Application, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2043-9377

Keywords

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