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This study aims to examine the decisive factors that affect travellers’ intention to visit ecotourism destinations.

Convenience sampling method was used to develop a research sample. The research sample includes visitors at eight ecotourism destinations in Vietnam who were randomly approached and agreed to participate in a structured questionnaire survey. The data set consists of 431 valid responses. A multivariate analysis method was used to analyse the data.

This study finds strong correlations between three factors that are important in determining the Vietnamese travellers’ intention to visit ecotourism locations. These are environmental concern, future time perspective (defined as individual views towards the importance of future time) and eco-destinations image (understood as individual perceptions of an ecotourism place). This study also reports robust associations between eco-destination image, future time perspective and environmental concern.

This study suggests policymakers in an emerging economy such as Vietnam to use efficient regulations on protecting the natural environment in tourism locations while tourism providers and marketers should invest in building eco-image of travel locations. This study also recommends public organisations to encourage greater awareness of the importance of environmental protection through education, propaganda and media as this will foster the demand for ecotourism. Last but not least, this study advises tourism marketers to develop marketing materials emphasising future time perspective and eco-destination images if they wish to promote ecotourism.

This study highlights the influential role of travellers’ future time perspective and eco-destination image in their travel intention. The existing literature does not pay sufficient attention to the impacts that these two considerations have on travellers’ environmental concerns and consequently stimulate their intention to visit ecotourism destinations. This study suggests relevant management strategies for the development of ecotourism in emerging economies.

este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar los factores decisivos que afectan la intención de los viajeros de visitar destinos de ecoturismo.

se empleó un método de muestreo conveniente para desarrollar una muestra de investigación. La muestra de investigación incluye visitantes en ocho destinos de ecoturismo en Vietnam que fueron abordados al azar y aceptaron participar en una encuesta estructurada de cuestionarios. El conjunto de datos consta de 431 respuestas válidas. Se empleó un método de análisis multivariado para analizar los datos.

el estudio encuentra fuertes correlaciones entre tres factores que son importantes para determinar la intención de los viajeros vietnamitas de visitar lugares de ecoturismo. Estas son preocupaciones ambientales, la perspectiva del tiempo futuro (definida como puntos de vista individuales hacia la importancia del tiempo futuro) e imágenes de destinos ecológicos (entendidas como percepciones individuales de un lugar). El estudio también informa asociaciones sólidas entre imágenes de eco-destinos, perspectivas de tiempo futuro y preocupaciones ambientales.

la importancia de la perspectiva del tiempo futuro y las percepciones del destino ecológico tienden a pasarse por alto en la literatura existente, que no presta suficiente atención al impacto que estas dos consideraciones tienen en la mediación de las preocupaciones ambientales de los viajeros y, en consecuencia, estimulan su intención de Visitar destinos de ecoturismo. El estudio sugiere estrategias de gestión relevantes para el desarrollo del ecoturismo en las economías emergentes.

采用便利抽样方法来收集研究样本。该研究样本包括在越南初始生态旅游目的地的访客, 他们被随机采访并同意参加问卷调查。数据集包含431个有效问卷。采用多元分析方法分析数据。

这项研究旨在探索影响旅行者访问生态旅游目的地意愿的决定性因素。

这项研究表明, 像越南这样的新兴经济体, 政策制定者采取了有效的法规来保护旅游地点的自然环境, 而旅游提供者和营销者应投资于建立旅游地点的生态形象。 这项研究还建议公共机构通过教育, 宣传和媒体鼓励人们更多地意识到环境保护的重要性, 因为这将促进对生态旅游的需求。 最后, 本研究建议旅游营销人员在开发营销材料时, 应强调未来时间观点和生态目的地形象, 从而促进生态旅游。

这项研究强调了旅行者未来时间的观点和生态目的地形象对他们旅行意愿的影响。 现有文献没有充分注意这两种考虑因素对旅行者环境关注的影响, 以及对他们前往生态旅游目的地的意愿的影响。该研究提出了新兴经济体发展生态旅游的相关管理策略。

Ecotourism is a sustainability approach that has emerged as an alternative to the negative environmental impacts of tourism, where natural, cultural and historical values are used as sources. Ecotourism is a nature-based tourism activity that ensures the sustainability of natural resources and promotes the economic development of local populations. It also preserves sociocultural values and protects the ecological system for future generations. However, if ecotourism is well-controlled, it can positively affect nature, natural life, local people and the local and national economy. This study highlights the importance of ecotourism for sustainability in the tourism industry. It examines ways to deal with the ecotourism phenomenon. In this direction, the study defines the concepts of ecological tourism and sustainability. It describes the general characteristics of ecotourism and sustainable tourism and the developing and potential environmental impacts associated with them. The study highlights that any tourist activity that does not have a sustainable quality cannot be long-term and will increase awareness on this topic.

This study investigates the moderating effect of eco-destination image on the relationships between travel motivations and ecotourism intention.

The study employs the convenience sampling method to develop a research sample, and the multivariate data analysis method to analyse the data of 435 valid observations collected in the structured questionnaire survey conducted in Vietnam.

The paper reports that the eco-destination image significantly strengthens the effects of four travel motives (i.e. excitement, escape, knowledge-seeking and self-development) on ecotourism intention. However, the moderating impact of eco-destination image on the link between socialising motive and ecotourism intention is insignificant.

This study is the first to shed light on the role of eco-destination image in strengthening the effects of travel motivations on ecotourism demand. The study provides a framework for segmenting promotion materials associated with destination image based on different types of customers' internal travel motivations. The framework includes four dimensions: (1) destination image reflecting enablers of excitement, (2) destination image reflecting enablers of escaping from daily life routine, (3) destination image reflecting enablers of knowledge-seeking and (4) destination image reflecting enablers of personal development.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between local population, natural and cultural resources on tourist quality an ecotourism product in Seagrass Trikora Conservation Area, Bintan Regency and Riau Island.

The research model portrayed in this case consists of three variables (tourists, local population and resources); these variables try to describe how ecotourism in Riau Island can be developed. This study is based on a survey conducted in June 2015 of 200 Indonesian citizens and residents. List contains 900 potential participants that were filtered from numerous public sources and from the researchers’ professional and social contacts. The interviewers were contacted to alert them to participate in the survey. A total of 200 completed responses were received within 10 weeks of survey, and 200 responses were successfully collected. These responses are analyzed and presented in this research.

This study found that higher quality of the local population, natural resources and cultural resources would have an impact on improving ecotourism quality. On the other hand, higher ecotourism quality would be able to improve the performance of ecotourism. The implications of this research contributed to the development of ecotourism in the Riau Island: improving the quality of the surrounding population, i.e. in the improvement of non-formal education of the population capable of supporting ecotourism; improvement of material and non-material quality of the ecotourism area; and maintenance of the natural resources of the ecotourism area.

This research tried to sort natural and cultural resources into two different things: natural resources were measured by specific activities, biodiversity protection, ecology maintenance and travel involvement in natural landscape and cultural resources were measured by ensuring cultural integrity, ensuring the social coherence of communities and maintaining cultural possibilities. Thus, the originality of this research lied in the use of two separate variables of natural resources and cultural resources in the performance of ecotourism. Separation of variables of ecotourism quality and performance of ecotourism became the second originality in this study. This study aimed to examine the effects of quality of local population (X1), natural resources (X2) and cultural resources (X3) on ecotourism quality (Y1), and its impact on Performance of Ecotourism (Y2), comprehensively.

The purpose of this study is to systematically identify and examine the challenges and opportunities of ecotourism development in Wondo Genet and its vicinity, southern Ethiopia and thereby forward suggestions to pertinent ecotourism stakeholders.

This study uses a mixed-method research approach and collects primary data from 412 research participants (400 survey respondents and 12 interviewees). Descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis are used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.

The research findings unfold several constraints that deter successful ecotourism development along with opportunities that can be used in future development. Ecotourism is suggested as a complementary form of tourism development in Wondo Genet and its vicinity, as the area is known for its natural and cultural resources.

The findings offer substantive insights to policymakers, private investors and local communities about the existing challenges and opportunities of ecotourism development in the context of emerging destinations. Given time, budget and human resource are acute restraints in developing countries; the current study is relevant in terms of highlighting the most pressing challenges that demand urgent action to unleash the development of a sustainable tourist destination.

The findings of this study also provide crucial practical implications to various stakeholders about the complementary nature of ecotourism and sustainable placemaking to conserve destinations’ environmental resources while improving socioeconomic conditions.

Despite Wondo Genet's immense ecotourism resource potential as one of the prime destinations both in the country and in the region, a huge gap exists in the current literature, where the current study intends to bridge in a comprehensive manner.

Over recent years, the multi-stakeholder role in sustainable ecotourism within Asia has emerged as a crucial narrative for sustainable ecotourism management across countries on the continent. This trend is perhaps due to the fact that ecotourism is one of the most rapidly growing sectors within the tourism industry. However, to date, no reviews have provided a comprehensive analysis related to the role of multi-stakeholders in the achievement of ecotourism sustainability, particularly in the Asian context. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the current knowledge regarding multi-stakeholder involvement in sustainable ecotourism within Asia.

A systematic review procedure was followed. 320 articles were finalized, from which 34 related pieces of research were selected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases.

Three themes emerged from this paper. Recommendations were highlighted to enhance sustainable ecotourism. The study concluded that a more enabling research environment should be provided to improve discourse and encourage policy interventions.

No previous studies have explored the multi-stakeholder's role in achieving Asian sustainable ecotourism, indicating a critical gap to be fulfilled. This paper uniquely contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive review of the roles and challenges of multiple stakeholders in sustainable ecotourism across Asia and proposing innovative policy solutions tailored to the region's unique socio-economic and cultural context. Moreover, it puts forward potential solutions to bolster sustainable ecotourism within Asia, benefiting both stakeholders and the destination.

Originally conceptualised as an innovative strategy for environmental conservation, ecotourism is now considered as one of the fastest growing segments of tourism. Although many definitions of ecotourism have been provided over the years, the application of the concept is still inconsistent, shifting its focus from purely nature-based towards more sustainable and conservative activities. Research on ecotourism reveals that ecotourism marketing initiatives are mainly driven by the supply-side or government/environmentalist organisations’ perspective, without taking into account the demand side, i.e., individuals’ motivations for ecotourism. This chapter will provide recognition of the different definitions of the ecotourism concept in order to distinguish it from other similar forms of tourism, e.g., nature-based tourism, and will review the research to build an understanding of the various motivations pushing individuals to choose ecotourism offerings. It will also function as the basis for the development of an appropriate protocol to investigate a sample of ecotourism providers and the congruency of their marketing initiatives with established consumer motivations.

This study aims to find a dynamic model in an effort to optimize tourism performance in ecotourism destinations. The model structure is built based on competitive performance in geographic areas and the application of ecotourism elements that are integrated with big data innovation through artificial intelligence technology.

Data analysis is performed through dynamic system modeling. Simulations are carried out in three models: First, existing simulation models. Second, Scenario 1 is carried out by utilizing a causal loop through innovation of big data-based artificial intelligence technology to ecotourism elements. Third, Scenario 2 is carried out by utilizing a causal loop through big data-based artificial intelligence technology on aspects of ecotourism elements and destination competitiveness.

This study provides empirical insight into the competitiveness performance of destinations and the performance of implementing ecotourism elements if integrated with big data innovations that will be able to massively demonstrate the growth of sustainable tourism performance.

This study does not use a primary database, but uses secondary data from official sources that can be accessed by the public.

The paper includes implications for the development of intelligent technology based on big data and also requires policy innovation.

Sustainable tourism development.

This study finds the expansion of new theory competitiveness of ecotourism destinations.

This study aims to provide novel insights via a joint investigation of the mediating role of environmental concern and ecotourism experiences. It further explores environmental concern and image as moderators of the association between tourists’ ecotourism experience and revisit intention.

The study used a three-way framework which provided novelty ways of combined moderation-mediation tests on a sample of 474 foreign tourists.

Results show that environmental concern and ecotourism experience mediated the relationships between motivation and revisit intention. The moderating test shows that foreign tourists’ revisit intention and ecotourism experience are highest when environmental concern and image are high.

Results of this study suggest that it may be beneficial to relate resources of tourism’s organization to prepare for potential sustainable requirements and/or to assist tourists to develop positive pro-environment attitudes (such as inspire tourists’ sense of social responsibility to improve environmental quality), which could possibly improve the feelings about the natural environment as serving the public good and may raise concern about environmental protection reasonability for tourists.

This research is the first comprehensive examination of foreign tourists’ pro-environment attitudes and conducts three-way interaction between tourists’ ecotourism experience, image and environmental concern, which may provide a benchmark for future studies.

This study examines the factors that influence the ecotourist behavior of university students. The understanding of what motivates these students can inform future suggestions for strategies and actions in ecotourism.

The study was applied to university students of the University of Medellín, Colombia. It was an exploratory empirical study that surveyed a total of 696 students.

The results show that students with a positive attitude toward ecology tend to be interested in nature-related activities, therefore generating an intention to engage in ecotourism. The authors found that those who view ecotourism as an activity that promotes fun and happiness tend to engage more frequently in these activities.

This study is of great interest for research in motivational theory, specifically the analysis of personality profiles and how these relate to specific tourism behaviors. The findings of this study strongly suggest that those interested in the management and development of ecotourism should establish practices and programs that consider factors such as tourist segmentation, effective communication of the positive qualities of ecotourism and environmental stewardship involved in these activities.