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Convivo is a VoIP system designed to provide reliable voice communication for poor quality networks, especially those found in rural areas of the developing world. Convivo introduces an original approach to maintain voice communication interaction in the presence of poor network performance: an Interface‐ Adaptation mechanism that adjusts the user interface to reduce the impact of high latency and low bandwidth networks. Interface modes facilitate turn taking for high latency connections, and help to sustain voice communication even with extremely low bandwidth or high error rates. An evaluation of the system, conducted in a rural community in the Dominican Republic, found that Interface‐Adaptation helped users to maintain voice communication interaction as network performance degrades. Transitions from full duplex to voice messaging were found particularly valuable. Initial results suggest that as users get more experience with the application they would like to manually control transitions based on feedback provided by the application and their own perceived voice quality.

Femtocells are low-power, inexpensive base stations (BS) used in business enterprises or homes. They could offer higher SNR in a smaller coverage area to enhance the data rates and QoS. Deployment of femtocell is expected to the witness constant development in upcoming years. Despite of all these benefits, there are certain challenges to be resolved that includes management of overlaying MC, interference among femtocells and the resource allocation between 2 tiers.

This work analyses the issues on cross-tier interfering and resource allocation alleviation in “full-duplex (FD) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) oriented Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) that includes macrocell as well as underlying femtocells”. This work concerns on three foremost contributions: portraying a single objective issue including subcarrier allocation, price allocation and power allocation of macrocell–femtocell networks. Moreover, this work introduces a novel Cat Swarm Mated-Lion algorithm (CSM-LA) for solving the defined optimization problem in macrocell–femtocell networks. At last, the supremacy of adopted scheme is proved over traditional models regarding statistical and convergence analysis.

By concerning the cost function, the developed CSM-LA attained 87.5, 60, 93.75 and 93.75% better than LM, WOA, LA and CSO respectively. For utility analysis, it accomplished 70.58% better than LM, 88.23% superior to GWO, 85.88% superior to WOA and 88.23% better than CSO. For statistical analysis, the median performance of developed CSM-LA attained better results, which was 80.52% superior to LA, 80.74% better than GWO, 72% superior to WOA and 48.7% better than LA. Hence, the developed CSM-LA proved its performance in terms of improved results and revealed its betterment over the conventional models.

This paper adopts a latest optimization algorithm called CSM-LA for analyzing the issues on cross-tier interfering and resource allocation alleviation in full-duplex (FD) orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) oriented heterogeneous networks (HetNets). This is the first work that utilizes CSM-LA framework that proposes a new CSM-LA model for power control and resource allocation by considering the multi-objectives like price, subcarrier and power as well.

Not only do microcomputers enhance productivity and efficiency in the workplace by the implementation of many applications — wordprocessing, information management, spreadsheet, calculations and financial models, graphics and so on, but they can now be used as a tool to tap the almost unlimited information available on the major online services. All that is needed are a few accessories to enable access to the hosts; thereafter, the user can adopt two routes: ‘downloading’ information on to a floppy or hard disk for personal manipulation of the data, or ‘uploading’ which enables quicker transfer of messages/requests/ orders, fast delivery of search results via electronic mail, data transfer to mainframe/minicomputer database or private file service which may offer fuller facilities such as major analytical processing.

The manufacturing of intelligent and secure visual data transmission over the wireless sensor network is key requirement nowadays to many applications. The two-way transmission of image under a wireless channel needed image must compatible along channel characteristics such as band width, energy-efficient, time consumption and security because the image adopts big space under the device of storage and need a long time that easily undergoes cipher attacks. Moreover, Quizzical the problem for the additional time under compression results that, the secondary process of the compression followed through the acquisition consumes more time.

Hence, for resolving these issues, compressive sensing (CS) has emerged, which compressed the image at the time of sensing emerges as a speedy manner that reduces the time consumption and saves bandwidth utilization but fails under secured transmission. Several kinds of research paved path to resolve the security problems under CS through providing security such as the secondary process.

Thus, concerning the above issues, this paper proposed the Corvus corone module two-way image transmission that provides energy efficiency along CS model, secured transmission through a matrix of security under CS such as inbuilt method, which was named as compressed secured matrix and faultless reconstruction along that of eminent random matrix counting under CS.

Experimental outputs shows intelligent module gives energy efficient, secured transmission along lower computational timing also decreased bit error rate.

An Internet telephony system functions like a conventional telephone to support real‐time voice communication over the Internet. Numerous proprietary systems have surfaced since its introduction as a result of its main attraction of allowing transcontinental telephone calls to be made at the price of local telephone calls. Currently, these systems are at their infancy stage with no support for standards to allow interoperability among systems. A proper framework to allow evaluation or comparison between systems is also lacking. This paper proposes such a framework that utilises a feature and functionality appraisal together with both quantitative and qualitative assessment techniques to allow a systematic evaluation of Internet telephony systems to take place. These techniques include voice process evaluation through signal reproduction, Diagnostic Rhyme Test, Diagnostic Acceptability Measure, Degradation Category Rating, and Free Conversation Test. This framework has been successfully demonstrated and utilised for the evaluation of five Internet telephony systems.

Examines PASSPORT script files from the point of view of the end user and the problems that may be encountered. Discusses script components, script file modification, enhancing PRISM scripts, file authorisation, and using Setup to create individual OP files. Illustrates these functions with program examples.

The OCLC Network and its associated information processing facilities constitute the largest and most extensive network of its kind in the world. This article presents a technical overview of the existing OCLC telecommunications network, its use, and operation. It includes discussion of: the scope and magnitude of the network and its applications; its technical attributes, traffic, and facilities characteristics; its user types and demographics; the architecture and implementation of the network and its supporting OCLC computer systems; the terminals and workstations utilized; the protocols employed; other networks supported; gateways and linkages supported; costs incurred; diagnostic, maintenance, and operating goals and procedures; vendor service relationships; availability and performance levels achieved; and related network engineering and implementation.

RF transceiver module is considered a vital part of any wireless communication system. This module consists of two important parts the RF transceiver and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Usually, both these parts – RF transceiver and ADC – are used to enhance the perspective of size and power. The data processing in 4G communication makes hurdles and need research attention to make it faster and smaller in size. Accuracy and fast processing are the critical challenges in the modern communication system.

After theoretical and practical investigations, this research work proposes key new techniques for the RF transceiver module. These techniques will make RF transceiver small, power-efficient and on the other hand, make dual SAR-ADC more effective as well. The proposed design has no intermediate frequency where the RF transceiver is reduced its major blocks from five to four, which includes crystal oscillator, phase lock loop, power amplifier and low noise amplifier. Moreover, the shared circuitry is introduced in the architecture of the SAR-ADC for the production of dual outputs, specifically in bootstrapped switch and comparator.

The miniaturized RF transceiver and SAR-ADC are well tested separately before the plantation on the printed circuit board (PCB). The operating voltage and frequency of the RF transceiver module are 1.2 V and 5.8 GHz, where the sampling rate, bandwidth and output power are 25 MHz, 200 MHz and 5 dBm, respectively. The core area of the PCB is 58.13 mm². The bandwidth efficiency is 93% using surface acoustic wave less transmitter. The circuit is based on the library of 90 nm CMOS technology.

The entire circuit is highly synchronized with the input and reference clocks to avoid self-interference.

The Linked Systems project (LSP) is directed towards implementing computer‐to‐computer communications among its participants. The original three participants are the Library of Congress (LC), the Research Libraries Group (RLG), and the Western Library Network (WLN, formerly the Washington Library Network). The project now has a fourth participant, the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC). LSP consists of two major components. The first component, Authorities Implementation, is described in Library Hi Tech issue 10 (page 61). The second component, the Standard Network Interconnection (SNI), is the specification of the LSP protocols, and the implementation of these protocols on the participant systems. Protocol specification was a joint effort of the original three participants (LC, RLG, and WLN) and was described in Library Hi Tech issue 10 (page 71). Implementation, however, has consisted of individual efforts of the (now) four participants. This four‐part report focuses on these individual implementation efforts.

Suggests connection alternatives that libraries might implement to create a unified network of diverse services in which OCLC is one service among a variety of electronic resources. Focuses on methods introduced at Vanderbilt University to use its local area networks (LANs) to access OCLC services.