Search results

This paper aims to study the importance of polyphenols in human health and, based on recommendations on the replacement of carbonated drinks with nutritious beverages, like fruit juices, seeks to compare the polyphenol contents of natural and commercial juices.

The total polypheol content of 39 fresh and 159 commercial (100 percent and less than 50 percent) fruit juices was analyzed by the terbium sensitized fluorescence method. The ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test, and also an independent t‐test, were used for statistical analyses.

The mean polyphenol contents of fresh juices were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of 100 percent commercials (5.34±2.7 vs 3.28±0.86 mg/l). In fresh juices the concentration ranged from 1.06±0.08 (pineapple) to 10.14±0.07 (sour cherry) mg QE/100 ml, while in 100 percent commercial juices the range was from 2.37±0.05 (orange) to 5.34±0.4 (pomegranate) mg QE/100 ml, and in <50 percent commercial juices they ranged from 1.04±0.7 (red grape) to 2.21±0.07 (white grape) mg QE/100 ml. The polyphenol contents of dark juices, in both fresh and commercial products, were significantly higher than others (p<0.001) and most fresh fruit juices possessed higher amounts of polyphenol than commercial ones. Although various juices differed in the quantity of total polyphenol, they can be considered as a good source of functional beverage.

This paper provides information about the polyphenol content of fresh and commercial (100 percent and <50 percent) fruit juices. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there have been no articles which aim to compare the polyphenol content of Iranian fresh and commercial fruit juices. For analysing the polyphenol contents, the newly developed terbium sensitized fluorescence method was used, and also the applicability of this new method was compared with the commonly used Folin‐Ciocalteau method.

Entrepreneurship.

Postgraduate/graduate management programmes.

EHBH is a Delhi-based healthy food and snacks company offering an effective, efficient and reliable service in the beverage/catering segment. The company has opened outlets in corporate offices and educational institutions in Delhi/NCR. Driven by quality and hygiene standards, the company's aim is to keep customer satisfaction at the core of its operations. The case on EHBH describes the entrepreneurial journey of the founder and MD, Mr Furkan Khan. The case discusses the motivation to start a new venture. The thrust of the case lies in learning how to develop and operate unique business model. The case is written at the time when the company is in its establishment stage. The case elucidates the potential in the food industry especially fruit juices.

To demonstrate specific motivating factors to enter into a new venture, to understand various entrepreneurial models and their applicability in the present case, to highlight overview, trends and the various challenges associated with Indian juice food industry, to understand the conception and implementation of new business model.

Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the prevalence and antibiograms of bacteria isolated from various fresh fruit juices at a local market in Faisalabad.

Fresh fruit juice samples (n=125) were randomly collected using aseptic technique. Each sample (10 mL) was serially diluted with 90 mL of sterile peptone water, from 1×10⁻¹ to 1×10⁻⁵. Each dilution was then used to inoculate nutrient agar by surface spread plating. Aerobic colony counts (ACCs) were determined by colony counting. The isolates were sub-cultured on blood and MacConkey agar. Preliminary identification was achieved on the basis of colony morphology and culture characteristic, and confirmed by API® 20E, 20NE, and API® Staph testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay, per CLSI 2015 guidelines.

The mean ACC ranged from 2.0×10⁶ CFU/mL to 4.93×10⁶ CFU/mL, with the highest ACC determined for orange juice. Overall, 153 polymicrobial were identified in 125 samples; 103 of these were Gram-negative rods (GNR) and 28 were Gram-positive cocci (GPC). Escherichia coli (n=38), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=32) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=24) were the predominant GNR; Staphylococcus aureus (n=28) was the predominant GPC. Antibiogram analysis revealed that all GNR were resistant to ampicillin. However, most E. coli isolates were resistant to ceftazidime (72.4 percent of isolates), and ceftriaxone and cefepime (68.9 percent), while most K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to cefepime (72 percent) and ceftriaxone (64 percent). All S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, while most (64 percent) were resistant to piperacillin; the most effective drugs against bacteria were vancomycin and imipenem.

The findings suggest that the local government regulatory food and public health authorities should take immediate emergency measures. Appropriate surveillance studies and periodic monitoring of food items should be regularly performed to safeguard public health.

The current study revealed the prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in freshly prepared fruit juices sold by local street vendors.

Strategic management, Strategic marketing, Entrepreneurship and Small business ventures.

This case study will be useful for undergraduate level students majoring in strategic management, entrepreneurship, small business ventures and marketing.

Just Fresh Juice is a small entrepreneurial venture in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), specialising in preparing all-fresh juices, special mixes and fruit salads. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how Just Fresh can maintain its competitive advantage, and how it could sustain its rapid growth in the market and gain more market share in the long run. Just Fresh focuses on satisfying its customers more effectively than its competitors through a competitive strategy of cost leadership (Papulova and Papulova, 2006), direct interaction with the customers through social media (Srinivasan, 2014) and creating a customer experience (Porter, 2008), as delivering a good customer experience is often more effective in building a competitive advantage than optimising internal processes.

The purpose of this case is to enable management students to evaluate and analyse a small business established in the United Arab Emirates. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of new business set-up and build proper business strategy. They will be able to perform the company’s competitive standing using Porter’s Five competitive forces and analyse its business strategies as well. They will be able to analyse the current status of the company using SWOT analysis and to design alternative strategies for the company using TOWS analysis. Furthermore, students will be able to build a cost analysis model for the company.

Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

COCO TANG India is an innovation-driven company. It takes inspiration from the humble coconut water that all of us are very familiar with and have drunk right from our childhood. The founders of the company, Dr Neelima, a dentist by profession and her husband Chaitanya who is a pharmacist have hit upon the idea of a coconut-based drink quite by accident.

When Dr Neelima was pregnant with her first child, the doctor advised her to take fresh coconut water. It was then that Dr Neelima discovered that fresh coconut water was a paradox, the water from a tender coconut is supposed to be fresh but in many cases is not as fresh as it should be. Coconuts are harvested from remote farms in Andhra Pradesh and sent to Hyderabad. And to top it all, the nutrition value of the coconut past its ideal window of consumption leaves a lot to desire. The price factor too is a dampener. It costs Rs. 25 to have tender coconut water in a metropolis like Hyderabad.

Dr Neelima and her husband developed the product idea from their search for a nutritious, healthy drink. Fresh, tender coconut pulp-based shakes, packed with nutrition, taste, health and at the same time make an aspirational product for the young, bubbly and restless youth of India.

This case deals with the problems, the trials and tribulations that these young first-time entrepreneurs faced and details the marketing efforts the young company is putting into survive in the dog eat dog world of fruit drink industry.

The case details the specific marketing-related problems the company faces and examines what the promoters are doing to overcome these problems, specifically related to the four Ps, that is, product, price, place and promotion. It looks in depth at the innovative marketing practices that COCO TANG India is deploying, including the use of the social media that enabled the COCO TANG India’s founder to win Junior Chamber International – Business Excellence Award for the year 2017–2018.

COCO TANG India is also the recipient of the Telugu book of records ‘certificate of national record’ as being the first brand to introduce Tender Coconut-based Mocktails and Milkshakes (A1).

The purpose of this paper is to develop a structural model of factors determining quality of juices and to indicate major variables that are significant for further product development.

Juices of apples, oranges, grapefruits, black currants and mixed fruits were subjected to testing in order to determine the qualitative structure of fruit juices. The following determinations were carried out in all fruit‐juice samples: total solids (Brix), Brix other than sucrose, total acidity, pH, vitamin C content, total sugars, direct‐reducing‐sugar content, saccharose content and volatile acidity. In addition, a sensory assessment in a 5‐grade score scale was carried out, covering the sensory characteristics of taste, flavour and colour. Based on the results of sensory analysis, a total sensory quality index (TSQI) was calculated.

Values of the linear correlation coefficient were calculated, and force and direction of the interdependence between the measured juice quality factors were determined. Analysis of major components was applied to develop a model of the structure of quality characteristics of fruit juices and to disclose latent variables. It enabled disclosure of four independent (orthogonal) areas, which determine the quality of fruit juices, and explain 70 per cent of the total juice quality area. They are represented by: total sugars, total solids (Brix), sensory quality and total acidity.

The research enabled identification of factors determining the fruit juice quality. It may prove very useful for R&D departments, as it informs an enterprise of which areas to focus their product development efforts on. Reducing the number of the major factors to four reduces costs and shortens the time necessary for product design and development.

Fruitzone India Limited was the Indian subsidiary of the multinational company Gypsy Inc., the global leader in the beverages industry. The company was contemplating the launch of a new flavour of fruit juice and decided to conduct a feasibility study. It hired an external market research agency, India Monitor International (IMI) to conduct the market research. This case discusses the exploratory phase of the research conducted by IMI. This case is useful for participants in the Business Research Methods, Market Research and Qualitative Research courses.

The present study aims at analysing consumer preferences for the pomegranate fruit, focussing on the effect of ready-to-eat format (i.e. packaged arils) on the purchasing choice, together with several products’ attributes as the origin, the packaging typology and the price.

The paper presents a choice experiment (CE) among 626 Italian consumers from Veneto region through an online survey. The study estimates both a conditional logit (CL) and a latent class logit model (LCM).

By segmenting the sample based on the heterogeneous preferences of consumers, it can distinguish “eco-friendly consumers”, “time-saving lovers”, “nationalists” and “price sensitive” subjects. Interestingly, the marginal willingness to pay for ready-to-eat arils is positive for the “time-saving lovers” that are mainly young consumers. The Italian origin has always a positive effect on the choice, whereas a negative effect is found for the price. Finally, the eco-friendly package has both a negative and a positive effect.

The sample of this study is not representative of the population and the CE has a hypothetical nature. It follows that further research will link the economic analysis to a consumer test on a more representative sample.

This study can be useful for the pomegranate producers and the industry because it provides original evidence that could drive their business and marketing strategies, for instance, the preference for ready-to-eat arils.

This study is one of the first seeking to determine the factors that affect consumers' preferences for pomegranate arils.

Describes a number of serious challenges facing the British apple industry. Concludes that the way forward lies in moving away from competition in commodity markets by differentiating and branding the product, and that opportunities are available for traditional British varieties such as Cox and Bramley in fresh, processed and juicing sectors.

The following are the Definitions and Standards for Jams, Jellies, and the like, as laid down by the United States Department of Agriculture, that is to say the Federal Department, and in force at the present time in matters relating to inter‐state commerce. The Definitions and Standards have been closely followed by the various States in Union:—