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Book part
Publication date: 15 October 2019

Luca Fiorito

This chapter documents how eugenics, scientific racism, and hereditarianism survived at Harvard well into the interwar years. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Thomas Nixon

Abstract

This chapter documents how eugenics, scientific racism, and hereditarianism survived at Harvard well into the interwar years. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Thomas Nixon Carver and Frank W. Taussig published works in which they established a close nexus between an individual’s economic position and his biological fitness. Carver, writing in 1929, argued that social class rigidities are attributable to the inheritance of superior and inferior abilities on the respective social class levels and proposed an “economic test of fitness” as a eugenic criterion to distinguish worthy from unworthy individuals. In 1932, Taussig, together with Carl Smith Joslyn, published American Business Leaders – a study that showed how groups with superior social status are proportionately much more productive of professional and business leaders than are the groups with inferior social status. Like Carver, Taussig and Joslyn attributed this circumstance primarily to hereditary rather than environmental factors. Taussig, Joslyn, and Carver are not the only protagonists of our story. The Russian-born sociologists Pitirim Alexandrovich Sorokin, who joined the newly established Department of Sociology at Harvard in 1930, also played a crucial role. His book Social Mobility (1927) exercised a major influence on both Taussig and Carver and contributed decisively to the survival of eugenic and hereditarian ideas at Harvard in the 1930s.

Details

Including a Symposium on Robert Heilbroner at 100
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-869-7

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 January 2013

Juris Dilevko

The purpose of this paper is to present a case study about how academic librarians can contribute to the interdisciplinary research endeavors of professors and students…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a case study about how academic librarians can contribute to the interdisciplinary research endeavors of professors and students, especially doctoral candidates, through an intellectualized approach to collection development.

Design/methodology/approach

In the wake of protest movements such as the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street, colleges and universities have begun to develop courses about these events, and it is anticipated that there will be much research conducted about their respective histories. Academic librarians can participate in those research efforts by developing interdisciplinary collections about protest movements and by referring researchers to those collections.

Findings

Through a case‐study approach, this paper provides a narrative bibliography about Southern Agrarianism that can help professors and students interested in the Tea Party or Occupy Wall Street movements to see their research endeavors from a new interdisciplinary perspective.

Originality/value

The value of this paper lies in presenting a concrete example of the way in which academic librarians can become active research partners through the work of building collections and recommending sources in areas that professors and students may not have previously considered.

Details

Collection Building, vol. 32 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0160-4953

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1939

Frank Nixon

AIRCRAFT production is so much in everyone's mind at the present time that inevitably much discussion has arisen around its relationship to design. Schools of thought range from…

Abstract

AIRCRAFT production is so much in everyone's mind at the present time that inevitably much discussion has arisen around its relationship to design. Schools of thought range from that which would subjugate design entirely to production to that which puts design for maximum performance before all other considerations. It is intended here to review the design and production of current types of aero‐engines primarily from the engine designer's point of view.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 11 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 1 November 1937

Frank Nixon

THE past two years have seen a notable increase in the number of services on aircraft for which some form of power is required. First, retractable undercarriages, followed by wing…

Abstract

THE past two years have seen a notable increase in the number of services on aircraft for which some form of power is required. First, retractable undercarriages, followed by wing flaps, gun turrets, and automatic pilots, have demanded a light and compact source of power, capable of being transmitted to remote points on the machine. As suitable power units have become available, so have other applications presented themselves, with the consequent freeing of the pilot and crew from irksome manual effort.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 9 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1980

Jan Stansell

General and Historical Works, Nevins, Allan. The Gateway to History. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.

Abstract

General and Historical Works, Nevins, Allan. The Gateway to History. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.

Details

Collection Building, vol. 2 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0160-4953

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1991

Helen Ginsburg

In recent decades, substantial unemployment once again became commonplace enough in most Western industrial nations to erase the optimism that pervaded the early post‐World War II…

Abstract

In recent decades, substantial unemployment once again became commonplace enough in most Western industrial nations to erase the optimism that pervaded the early post‐World War II era. That optimism was fueled by a belief that capitalism had solved the problem of unemployment. Full employment was believed to be a permanent feature of Western economies, just as in the 1930s, mass unemployment was often considered a permanent feature of capitalist economies.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 11 no. 1/2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

Book part
Publication date: 30 September 2016

Charles R. McCann and Vibha Kapuria-Foreman

Robert Franklin Hoxie was of the first generation of University of Chicago economists, a figure of significance in his own time. He is often heralded as the first of the…

Abstract

Robert Franklin Hoxie was of the first generation of University of Chicago economists, a figure of significance in his own time. He is often heralded as the first of the Institutional economists and the impetus behind the field of labor economics. Yet today, his contributions appear as mere footnotes in the history of economic thought, when mentioned at all, despite the fact that in his professional and popular writings he tackled some of the most pressing problems of the day. The topics upon which he focused included bimetallism, price theory, methodology, the economics profession, socialism, syndicalism, scientific management, and trade unionism, the last being the field with which he is most closely associated. His work attracted the notice of some of the most famous economists of his time, including Frank Fetter, J. Laurence Laughlin, Thorstein Veblen, and John R. Commons. For all the promise, his suicide at the age of 48 ended what could have been a storied career. This paper is an attempt to resurrect Hoxie through a review of his life and work, placing him within the social and intellectual milieux of his time.

Details

Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-962-6

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 1999

H. James Harrington

This paper presents the role that the International Academy for Quality (IAQ) plays in furthering the dissemination and practice of quality methods and concepts around the world…

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Abstract

This paper presents the role that the International Academy for Quality (IAQ) plays in furthering the dissemination and practice of quality methods and concepts around the world. It looks at a range of aspects such as principles, mission and objectives of the IAQ. Provides information on the development of the IAQ and its future. Outlines the IAQ’s vision for meeting the needs of the twenty‐first century.

Details

The TQM Magazine, vol. 11 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-478X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1954

A brief comparison of tooling techniques in the automotive and aircraft industries. One problem arising where the same tooling shop is used lies in the difference between the…

Abstract

A brief comparison of tooling techniques in the automotive and aircraft industries. One problem arising where the same tooling shop is used lies in the difference between the types of engineering drawings. The aircraft drawings are complicated by the fact that engineering changes are not included in the up‐to‐date working drawings.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1942

A resistance element for an electrical strain gauge comprising, a thin elongated element of a substantially uniform mixture of finely divided carbon and silica and a resilient…

Abstract

A resistance element for an electrical strain gauge comprising, a thin elongated element of a substantially uniform mixture of finely divided carbon and silica and a resilient binder having an elasticity similar to that of phenolic resin.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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