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Case study
Publication date: 1 January 2011

Sethela June and Asmat-Nizam Abdul-Talib

Internationalization, entrepreneurship, franchising, international marketing.

Abstract

Subject area

Internationalization, entrepreneurship, franchising, international marketing.

Study level/applicability

First year undergraduate students of Management courses.

Case overview

This case is about a newly established fast food company that expands very rapidly in Malaysia. Growing from merely a single pushcart, the company has evolved into one of the most successful purely-local food franchise businesses with almost 100 franchises throughout the country and abroad. The company keeps on looking at bigger expansion plans abroad and eyeing the Middle Eastern markets.

Expected learning outcomes

After carrying out this exercise, students are expected to be able: to understand how a new business start up grows; to provide a simple illustration on how internationalization of small firms can took place; to analyze the various factors of considerations prior to internationalization; to identify the basic issues of international franchising and how the system works.

Supplementary materials

Teaching note.

Details

Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Case Study
ISSN: 2045-0621

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 March 2018

Lan He and Ersi Liu

The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of cultural differences on the design and management of two franchise programs and one joint degree program run by a Chinese…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of cultural differences on the design and management of two franchise programs and one joint degree program run by a Chinese university in partnership with a British university and a French university. The cross-cultural challenges and the differences in the strategies taken by the managers in both types of program to deal with such challenges are analyzed. The frameworks for such strategies are also proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

A case study approach was used for the analysis. Participatory observation and interview were adopted to collect information in combination with the written reports on the programs. The interviewees included managers, faculty members, and students. Thematic analysis was conducted to find out the common themes from the coded data.

Findings

For franchise programs, the British university takes a “collaborating” strategy focusing on globalization, which is combined with the “compromising” strategy of the Chinese partner university focusing on localization. Both parties keep their different styles of management and combine them into one new management mode. By contrast, in the joint degree program, the French management mode can be described as a “collaborating” strategy toward the management of the Chinese students and curriculum, while the Chinese managers are seeking to progressively “accommodate” the needs of the French students.

Originality/value

Few studies in the current literature are targeted at the cultural influences on the design and management of transnational higher education (TNHE) programs as well as the proper management strategies to deal with such cultural differences. The result of this study will provide useful advice for researchers and practitioners in cross-cultural management of TNHE programs.

Details

International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-354X

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 12 February 2021

Abstract

Details

Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Malaysia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-806-4

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1984

R. Richard Bruno, Gerald P. Davey and Esq.

Franchising is not an industry but a method of distribution. The franchise system of distribution has been adapted to a diverse array of products and services. According to the…

Abstract

Franchising is not an industry but a method of distribution. The franchise system of distribution has been adapted to a diverse array of products and services. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, more than 1,800 companies in some 40 different industries use the franchise method of marketing. Today the franchisors' know‐how, trademarks, and advertising muscle offer unique opportunities to individuals with limited capital and experience.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 1 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

Book part
Publication date: 12 February 2021

Muhamad Hafizi bin Sulaiman

The franchising business becomes an essential to the economy of Malaysia and social. It also considers a popular choice to develop entrepreneurs particularly among Bumiputera in…

Abstract

The franchising business becomes an essential to the economy of Malaysia and social. It also considers a popular choice to develop entrepreneurs particularly among Bumiputera in Malaysia. Recognizing the importance of the franchising business, the Government of Malaysia through the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs (MDTCA) has developed programs and activities to accelerate growth of the franchising business. In February 2020, a total of 915 franchise systems or franchisors have been registered under Malaysia Franchise and subsequently few franchisors have penetrated worldwide such as in Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, United State of America, and Australia. At the same time, Perbadanan Nasional Berhad (PNS) and Malaysia Franchise Association also strongly take part in many franchise initiatives, programs, and activities to support the development of franchising business in Malaysia. Besides that, Malaysia also has developed the Franchise Act to safeguard the franchising industry. Nevertheless, there still exist some issues and challenges. Hence, this paper aims to review the franchising business in Malaysia by discussing the development of franchise business in Malaysia, the supports, and the issues and challenges.

Details

Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Malaysia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-806-4

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 April 2023

Jessica Schueller

This scoping review aims to survey literature that covers employability preparation and labor market outcomes for graduates from transnational higher education institutions.

Abstract

Purpose

This scoping review aims to survey literature that covers employability preparation and labor market outcomes for graduates from transnational higher education institutions.

Design/methodology/approach

This scoping literature review uses career ecosystems as a theoretical framework and the context-input-process-outcomes model as a conceptual framework.

Findings

This scoping review confirms a limited research base of approximately 50 sources that primarily use qualitative methods and socio-economic theories to center the student voice and focus on international branch campuses in the Middle East and Asia. Notably, there is a lack of focus on staff experiences regarding the process of preparing students for employment. The review also demonstrates the need for more research on career processes and outcomes in transnational higher education.

Research limitations/implications

This scoping review is relevant to higher education institutions seeking to meet the challenges of preparing graduates for more than one national labor market. It has implications for universities' ability to attract students, develop relevant labor market preparation programming and understand whether the institution is addressing local employment needs. For researchers, it offers insight and impetus into the area of inquiry regarding transnational education, graduate labor market outcomes and employability.

Practical implications

Practical implications are drawn for students, parents, policymakers and transnational and non-transnational higher education institutions, as well as those who are engaged in providing international education and career advice.

Social implications

This review offers insight into developing labor market-relevant TNE programming, which may be helpful both for host and home country transnational education stakeholders interested in impact.

Originality/value

This is one of the first reviews to systematically address literature about employability preparation and labor market outcomes for graduates from transnational higher education institutions; in using career ecosystems theory, this review offers a bridge between international higher education and career studies.

Article
Publication date: 1 September 2001

Mark P. Pritchard and Christopher M. Negro

This paper examines the effectiveness of a sport loyalty program in fostering fan relationships with a team and its sponsors. The study of 268 US baseball spectators revealed…

Abstract

This paper examines the effectiveness of a sport loyalty program in fostering fan relationships with a team and its sponsors. The study of 268 US baseball spectators revealed that, in the mind of the fan, loyalty programs generally consist of three underlying components. When these components perform well, they can fuel a member's sense of attachment to a team and their tendency to purchase sponsor products. Recommendations to improve loyalty program performance focus on tactics that build member relationships and identification with the team.

Details

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1464-6668

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 May 2023

Hung M. Nguyen and Pascal Dey

That social franchising programs induce favorable outcomes is readily taken for granted, albeit lacking robust empirical support. Addressing this situation, this paper takes a…

Abstract

Purpose

That social franchising programs induce favorable outcomes is readily taken for granted, albeit lacking robust empirical support. Addressing this situation, this paper takes a closer look at a fractional social franchising program in the public health-care sector in Vietnam to better understand how such programs work. This paper aims to expand the nascent body of empirical research that has examined the inner workings of social franchising programs from the perspective of clients by focusing on the health professionals who work there.

Design/methodology/approach

Using an exploratory qualitative research design, the authors conducted 25 semistructured interviews with health professionals of a fractional franchising program called Sisterhood, which introduced reproductive health and family planning services into existing health facilities in Vietnam. Interviews were triangulated with Sisterhood’s internal documents as well as with publicly available reports.

Findings

The analysis highlights two pathways through which the social franchising program brought about positive change. On the one hand, the analysis suggests that many of the positive outcomes reported by public health professionals were consistent with the stated goals and measures used by the Sisterhood program, providing evidence that improving the quality of health care for disadvantaged communities can be achieved through careful design and execution. On the other hand, the analysis revealed beneficial outcomes that were outside the scope of the Sisterhood program and, in this sense, “unexpected.” Specifically, the paper sheds light on unintended knowledge spillover effects in which nonfranchised health professionals began to adopt new practices and principles introduced by the social franchising program.

Originality/value

The paper taps into a largely under-researched phenomenon – fractional social franchising – from the perspective of health professionals. Unpacking how the social franchising program created favorable outcomes, some by design and others by accident, the paper opens new empirical and policy insights into how social franchising can improve public health in hard-to-reach communities in the global South. Based on the findings, the authors argue for the intentional promotion and institutionalization of knowledge transfers from franchised to nonfranchised health facilities to reinforce and scale up the positive impact of social franchising. The authors conclude by emphasizing the need for future research to adopt a complexity-sensitive approach that accounts for the dynamic, nonlinear adoption pathways social franchising can take. Such an approach is essential to uncover the beneficial outcomes that can result from social franchising programs but cannot be readily predicted by program design.

Details

Social Enterprise Journal, vol. 19 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-8614

Keywords

Case study
Publication date: 1 January 2011

Asmat-Nizam Abdul-Talib, Samshul-Amry Abdul-Latif and Norhayati Zakaria

Franchise, strategic management, food and beverages, Malaysia.

Abstract

Subject area

Franchise, strategic management, food and beverages, Malaysia.

Student level/applicability

First year undergraduate students of management courses.

Case overview

This case study explores the strategies employed by franchisor Gloria Jean's Coffees (GJC) in reestablishing its market presence in the Malaysian coffee market. GJC recently underwent an exchange of ownership. Under the new leadership, the company decided to appoint a new strategic master franchisee in Malaysia to see a section of its expansion plan in the ASEAN region reestablished. The selection of a suitable and well-connected master franchisee is very important for reestablishing presence and brand name development. The deteriorating position of GJC's brand name in Malaysia prior to the appointment of a new master franchisee created a unique situation requiring an in-depth evaluation and examination of unseen but highly related critical factors. In-depth and “behind-the-scene” examination on efforts made through the implementation of business and marketing strategies to reestablish its brand and presence in Malaysia; given demanding market challenges and intense competitions.

Expected learning outcomes

After carrying out this exercise, students are expected to be able to: understand how business start up grows in foreign markets; identify the basic issues of international franchising and how the system works; analyze the various factors of considerations prior to internationalization; and evaluate strategies undertaken by company in establishing its market in foreign countries.

Supplementary materials

Teaching note.

Details

Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Case Study
ISSN: 2045-0621

Keywords

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