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Hexahedral meshing is one of the most important steps in performing an accurate simulation using the finite element analysis (FEA). However, the current hexahedral meshing method in the industry is a nonautomatic and inefficient method, i.e. manually decomposing the model into suitable blocks and obtaining the hexahedral mesh from these blocks by mapping or sweeping algorithms. The purpose of this paper is to propose an almost automatic decomposition algorithm based on the 3D frame field and model features to replace the traditional time-consuming and laborious manual decomposition method.

The proposed algorithm is based on the 3D frame field and features, where features are used to construct feature-cutting surfaces and the 3D frame field is used to construct singular-cutting surfaces. The feature-cutting surfaces constructed from concave features first reduce the complexity of the model and decompose it into some coarse blocks. Then, an improved 3D frame field algorithm is performed on these coarse blocks to extract the singular structure and construct singular-cutting surfaces to further decompose the coarse blocks. In most modeling examples, the proposed algorithm uses both types of cutting surfaces to decompose models fully automatically. In a few examples with special requirements for hexahedral meshes, the algorithm requires manual input of some user-defined cutting surfaces and constructs different singular-cutting surfaces to ensure the effectiveness of the decomposition.

Benefiting from the feature decomposition and the 3D frame field algorithm, the output blocks of the proposed algorithm have no inner singular structure and are suitable for the mapping or sweeping algorithm. The introduction of internal constraints makes 3D frame field generation more robust in this paper, and it can automatically correct some invalid 3–5 singular structures. In a few examples with special requirements, the proposed algorithm successfully generates valid blocks even though the singular structure of the model is modified by user-defined cutting surfaces.

The proposed algorithm takes the advantage of feature decomposition and the 3D frame field to generate suitable blocks for a mapping or sweeping algorithm, which saves a lot of simulation time and requires less experience. The user-defined cutting surfaces enable the creation of special hexahedral meshes, which was difficult with previous algorithms. An improved 3D frame field generation method is proposed to correct some invalid singular structures and improve the robustness of the previous methods.

This exploratory research examined how emphasizing a brand’s unethical behaviour through high moral intensity news framing influences consumer boycott intention.

The hypotheses were tested and validated using two experimental studies that expose customers of real retail and personal care product brands to news articles that have high and low moral intensity news frames.

The results showed high moral intensity news framing’s positive effect on consumer boycott intention. The frame’s influence is moderated by moral awareness and partially mediated by perceived moral intensity and moral judgement. The findings suggest that consumers’ perception of the frame and their attitude towards the brand will have a substantial role in boycott intention.

These research outcomes aid in the understanding of news framing effects on boycott intention, providing both insights for consumer activists and managerial implications for stewards of brands.

While previous research have examined the impact of news frames on the typical audience, there has been relatively little focus on news framing’s impact on consumers and their decision to boycott brands. This study addresses this gap by applying the work on emphasis framing to a consumer decision-making context. It also introduces moral intensity framing to the news frame classification. In addition, this study expands current conceptualizations of individual ethical decision-making to help explain consumer boycott intent.

The behaviours of four indeterminate frame-support combinations namely Type I (with fixed supports), Type II (with pinned supports), Type III (with fixed-pinned supports) and Type IV (with fixed-roller supports) frames under the exposure conditions and loads as existing on site were simulated. Two categories of these combinations (I and II) were studied namely single storey-single bay and multiple storey-single bay frames, as illustrated in the case studies treated. A procedure for determining the probability of failure at different sections along the frame types, the range between the probability of failure bounds and the reliability ratings of the frame types were developed based on the kinetic method of plastic moment analysis, minimum weight design method, piecewise method of moment analysis and first order-second moment (FOSM) methods. The analysis results of the Category I frames showed that the Type I frame was most reliable (with the lowest probability of failure range of 0.3269), while the Type II frame was least reliable (with the highest probability of failure range of 0.4918). These results were consistent with those of the Category II frames. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Collapse mechanisms were generated for four frame-support types and the corresponding plastic moments were determined using both the kinematic plastic analyses and minimum weight design methods. The members were designed and the plastic moments were distributed at sections of constant interval along the frame length to generate corresponding envelopes. A similar process was carried out to determine the elastic moment variables due to the loads. The reliability index and the corresponding probability of failure at each frame section were determined. Then, the probabilities of failure bounds for the frames were then compared to determine the most reliable.

It was observed that there existed a wide margin between the elastic and plastic moments indicating that design of steel structures at the elastic limit does not take full advantage of its strength. Hence, the design can be carried out beyond the elastic limit and within the safety margin given in equation (3). However, the safety of the entire frame is assessed on the basis of range of values between the highest and the lowest probability of failure bounds. The lower this range is (not exceeding 0.5 or 50 per cent), the more reliable the frame is.

The equations developed in this study can only be directly applied to multi storey-single bay frames. However, the reliability-based analysis and design procedure developed can be extended to other types of frames.

A practical approach for analysing steel frames with different supports with the overall goal of producing safe and economical designs has been developed and presented in this paper.

The procedure adopted is very original and can be backed up by existing literature. The piecewise method for analysing moments at various sections along a frame is also innovative. The whole concept can be adopted to determine the reliability of other types of frames such as multiple bay-multistorey frames with different support types.

Houses have an average life span of about a hundred years, whereas households and habitats can change radically and repeatedly during that time. Consequently house designers are faced with the task of giving form to a shelter for dwelling for a period during which the composition of the household and the associated spatial rituals will go through major changes.

Taking not the changeable but the permanent as a departure−point opens up new perspectives. The permanent, or durable component of the house, constitutes the frame within which change can take place. This frame defines the space for change. The frame itself is specific and has qualities that determine the architecture for a long period of time. The space inside the frame is general, its use unspecified; this space I have called generic space.

In this sense the frame frees other parts of a building. Take, for example, the loadbearing column. It relieves the wall from acting in a loadbearing capacity, it frees the wall. A notion essential to the frame ’s functioning is that of disconnection. The column can free the wall by virtue of the fact that wall and column are not inextricably linked.

A building can be separated up into a number of layers that together defines the building as a whole. Accordingly, the building can be regarded as a composition assembled from these layers. Each layer is distinguished from the others by the special role it fulfils. In the frame concept it is assumed that every layer may in principle serve as a frame. Basing my information on texts by Laugier, Semper, Loos, Duffy and Brand, I have made a distinction between the following five layers:

• Main loadbearing structure

• Skin

• Scenery

• Service elements

• Access

In principle I distinguish three categories of changeability: the alterable, the extendable and the polyvalent. These three forms of changeability can be linked with three types of generic space. Should the generic space contain a layer that can be changed then we may describe it as alterable. Should the generic space not be bordered on all sides then it is a question of extendibility. Should the generic space contain no other layers while the generic space invites different uses through its form and dimensions, then we have polyvalence.

To explore my concept, I present an overview of every imaginable combination of layers. This catalogue of frames is then divided among four distinct series of combinations. The basic combinations and the combination series, constitute the tools for designing houses that proceed from the frame concept. It was the intention of this study to develop the frame concept and the body of concepts attendant on it. Building upon its predecessors, I developed a stimulating resource for anyone involved in designing houses that are able to accommodate change. The potentials and limitations of the frame concept can be further explored as designing proceeds.

Cites the existence of information framing effects as an interesting phenomenon in the area of human judgements and decision‐making. Uses three distinct types of framing effect and the hypothesis identified by Leven et al (1998). Studies the reliability of these effects across samples of subjects in the USA and Australia. Shows that, for two of the three types, attribute framing and risky choice framing, the effects were strong and almost identical in the two samples. Highlights a significant effect for the US sample, but not the Australian sample, for the third type, goal framing. Discusses results in terms of the reliability of the effects and their potential for revealing cross‐cultural differences in values.

Rodney Cooper, Furniture Partner of London's Building Design Partnership, carried out for the Designers' Journal a survey of partitioning suppliers and manufacturers. The results — and the attitudes of those people approached for information — tended to confirm the view that many users must have formed: that the industry has still not come to terms with the demands of a more sophisticated market. Often the product exists that will do the Job, but the detailed information is hard to find.

THE rear spar frame, the first major member forward of frame ‘O’ forms, together with the front spar frame, the principal structural links between the inner wing and fuselage, bearing the loads imposed upon the inner wing and dispersing them into the fuselage. Constructionally, therefore, the frame is necessarily robust comprising a double diaphragm structure, spaced apart by heavy boom sections of light aluminium alloy situated around the inner and outer frame peripheries. The centre section of the frame is extensively cut away, leaving a diaphragm width of approximately 16 in. at the fuselage datum, tapering to 10 in. at the roof, and 4 in. at the bottom centreline of the aircraft. The lower portion of the frame, 24 in. below the datum is cranked at 3 1/2°, aligning with the wing incidence of the spars. The diaphragms front and rear are made in segments, and lap jointed; the outer edge periphery is flanged forming a skin attachment angle. For the front diaphragm construction, eight segments are utilized, those adjoining the roof and at the fuselage base are fabricated from 16 s.w.g. D.T.D. 546, while around the fuselage dytum 14 s.w.g. D.T.D. 546 is employed. Below the fuslage datum, a gap occurs in the frame segments, which is filled by the web of the rear spar after the frame and spar are brought together as an assembly. This web is 4 ft. deep and straddles the frame across the diameter, leaving a 2 ft. aperture between the top edge of the web and a floor support member. A similar aperture is left between the bottom edge of the web and the frame segments at the fuselage base.

Taking the dialogic organizational development perspective, this study aims to investigate the framing processes when engaging in dialogue for strategy implementation and how these enable the evolution of implementation opportunities.

Through a qualitative exploratory study conducted in a large multinational, the authors analyse the dialogue and interactions among 25 dyads when identifying opportunities to contribute to strategy implementation. The data analysis relies on a process-coding approach and linkography, a valuable protocol analysis for identifying recursive interaction schemas in conversations.

The authors identify four main framing processes – shaping, unveiling, scattering and shifting – and provide a framework of how these processes affect individuals’ mental models through increasing the tangibility of opportunities or elevating them to new value hierarchies.

From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to the strategy implementation and organizational development literature, providing a micro-perspective of how dialogue allows early knowledge structures to emerge and shape the development of opportunities for strategy implementation.

From a managerial perspective, the authors offer insights to trigger action and change in individuals to contribute to strategy when moving from formulation to implementation.

Rather than focusing on the structural control view of strategy implementation and the role of the top management team, this study considers strategy implementation as a practice and what it takes for organizational actors who do not take part in strategy formulation to enact and shape opportunities for strategy implementation through constructive dialogue.

This study investigates the communication behavior of public health organizations on Twitter during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Brazil. It contributes to the understanding of the organizational framing of health communication by showcasing several instances of framing devices that borrow from (Brazilian) internet culture. The investigation of this case extends the knowledge by providing a rich description of the organizational framing of health communication to combat misinformation in a politically charged environment.

The authors collected a Twitter dataset of 77,527 tweets and analyzed a purposeful subsample of 536 tweets that contained information provided by Brazilian public health organizations about COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. The data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively by combining social media analytics techniques and frame analysis.

The analysis showed that Brazilian health organizations used several framing devices that have been identified by previous literature such as hashtags, links, emojis or images. However, the analysis also unearthed hitherto unknown visual framing devices for misinformation prevention and debunking that borrow from internet culture such as “infographics,” “pop culture references” and “internet-native symbolism.”

First, the identification of framing devices relating to internet culture add to our understanding of the so far little addressed framing of misinformation combat messages. The case of Brazilian health organizations provides a novel perspective to knowledge by offering a notion of internet-native symbols (e.g. humor, memes) and popular culture references for misinformation combat, including misinformation prevention. Second, this study introduces a frontier of political contextualization to misinformation research that does not relate to the partisanship of the spreaders but that relates to the political dilemmas of public organizations with a commitment to provide accurate information to citizens.

The findings inform decision-makers and public health organizations about framing devices that are tailored to internet-native audiences and can guide strategies to carry out information campaigns in misinformation-laden social media environments.

The findings of this case study expose the often-overlooked cultural peculiarities of framing information campaigns on social media. The report of this study from a country in the Global South helps to contrast several assumptions and strategies that are prevalent in (health) discourses in Western societies and scholarship.

This study uncovers unconventional and barely addressed framing devices of health organizations operating in Brazil, which provides a novel perspective to the body of research on misinformation. It contributes to existing knowledge about frame analysis and broadens the understanding of frame devices borrowing from internet culture. It is a call for a frontier in misinformation research that deals with internet culture as part of organizational strategies for successful misinformation combat.

In this study, the application of a novel combined steel curved damper (SCD) and steel plate shear wall (SPSW) system in the 5-, 10- and 15-storey steel moment-resisting frames (SMR) subjected to earthquake excitation has been investigated. The proposed system is called here as the SMR-WD (steel moment resisting–wall damper).

At the beginning of this research, an SMR-W and an SMR-D are separately modeled in ABAQUS software and verified against the available experimental data. After that, three different heights SMR-WD systems (5-, 10- and 15-storey) are designed and simulated. Then, their performances are examined and compared to the corresponding SMR-W under the effects of six actual earthquake records.

The obtained results show that the proposed system increases the mean values of the base shear for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD equal to 27, 20.15 and 16.51%, respectively compared to the corresponding SMR-W. Moreover, this system reduces the drift of the floors so that the reduction in the average values of maximum drift for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD is equal to 10, 7 and 29%, respectively with respect to the corresponding SMR-W. The results also reveal that the considered system dissipates more energy than SMR-W so that the increase in the mean values of the energy absorption for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD is 30.8, 25.6 and 41.3%, respectively when compared to the SMR-W. Furthermore, it is observed that SMR-WD has a positive effect on the seismic performance of the link beams and panel zones of the frames. By increasing the height of the structure in the SMR-WD, the energy dissipation and base shear force increases and the drift of floors decreases. Hereupon, the proposed SMR-WD system is more useful for tall buildings than SMR-W frames.

For the first time, the application of a novel combined steel curved damper (SCD) and steel plate shear wall (SPSW) system in the 5-, 10- and 15-storey steel moment-resisting frames (SMR) subjected to earthquake excitation has been investigated.