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1 – 10 of over 2000
Article
Publication date: 1 June 1960

A regular feature giving news and comments on events and productions in the field of visual aids for technical and scientific teaching and training

Abstract

A regular feature giving news and comments on events and productions in the field of visual aids for technical and scientific teaching and training

Details

Education + Training, vol. 2 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1991

P.S. Cheema, A.J. Griffiths and D.R. Towill

A review of the cast iron foundry industry has been given in two parts. Part 1 concentrated on historical aspects of the UK foundry industry, whilst Part 2 will look at the…

Abstract

A review of the cast iron foundry industry has been given in two parts. Part 1 concentrated on historical aspects of the UK foundry industry, whilst Part 2 will look at the important aspects for a modern foundry to succeed. The article starts with the decline of the UK foundry industry, and suggests a way to become more competitive through the advancement of new technology, and total quality assurance. The basic concepts of quality are examined and by way of an example, a case study of a British foundry shows the current problems being faced. The case study illustrates the problems faced in these days of increased competition, dwindling margins, the lack of investment, low morale leading to poor quality parts, and hence uncertain futures. Finally it is shown how the foundry can improve the quality of its products, and achieve a sound manufacturing base.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 8 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 1973

J. Bagnall

January 15, 1973 Ironfoundry — Statutory duty — Breach — Noxious dust — Prolonged inhalation of noxious dust — Chronic lung illness — Employers' actual or constructive knowledge…

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Abstract

January 15, 1973 Ironfoundry — Statutory duty — Breach — Noxious dust — Prolonged inhalation of noxious dust — Chronic lung illness — Employers' actual or constructive knowledge of health hazard — Test to apply when determining constructive knowledge — Whether employer should be aware of recent medical or scientific knowledge — Factories Act, 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz.II, c.34), ss.4(l), 63(1).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 14 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1996

Peter Fairbrother

The question of health and safety at work is a central issue for trade unions. In Britain it is an area of concern where there were important legislative initiatives in the 1970s…

2714

Abstract

The question of health and safety at work is a central issue for trade unions. In Britain it is an area of concern where there were important legislative initiatives in the 1970s and 1980s, although surprisingly this has received relatively little attention in the debates about trade unionism. This neglect results in an aspect of union activity about which little is known. Explores through a detailed longitudinal study of a middle‐range engineering firm, from the late 1970s into the 1990s, the ways in which trade unions organize and act on health and safety questions. Argues that it is almost “routine” that workers face dangers and hazards at work, a central feature of the work and employment experience of most workers. However, this is often difficult to deal with as individual issues, or as matters which are subject to collective consideration. On the one hand, workers often appear to accept the dangers and hazards they face. On the other hand, managements are preoccupied with questions relating to production and finance, rather than the day‐to‐day problems faced by workers. This tension suggests that the future wellbeing of workers in unionized workplaces lies not so much with legislative provisions and rights at work, but in education and the organizing ability of workplace unions, raising and addressing what often seem like individualistic problems in collective ways.

Details

Employee Relations, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0142-5455

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 June 2014

Daniel Günther, Bastian Heymel, Johannes Franz Günther and Ingo Ederer

– This paper aims to present the results that can be achieved using continuous three-dimensional (3D) printing technology.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present the results that can be achieved using continuous three-dimensional (3D) printing technology.

Design/methodology/approach

In the first section, conventional additive manufacturing and continuous 3D-printing are described and compared against each other. Essential is the new approach to coat the particulate material and to print it on a tilted surface. For this special setup, theoretical considerations for sources of distortions are given. These considerations define the design of the test parts. For the evaluation of a tilted setup a prototype using large dimensions is shown. Of special interest is the exact transportation using a large mass of particulate material.

Findings

The 3D-printing principle is suitable for tilted surfaces, making production without any downtime possible. The parts produced using the prototype continuous 3D-printer have sufficient accuracy for foundry use, although various considerations and the setup show that angular deflections can be caused by inaccuracies in the feeding system.

Research limitations/implications

The parts’ accuracy is additionally affected by the thickness of unbound particle material under the building area. The amount of unbound particle material is of a constructive nature. Thus, the setup is limiting the investigations. Using the current material system, the printing should take place as near to the conveyor belt as possible.

Practical implications

This paper outlines which kind of parts can be manufactured using continuous 3D-printing.

Originality/value

This article shows a first evaluation of parts printed using continuous 3D-printing. It gives a perspective on future designs from rapid prototyping machines based on these principles and shows the possible benefits. The change over from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing will be strongly accelerated by said machine design.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1973

Phoebe Lambert, Brian Cave and Christopher Hayes

The Code of Practice spells out in detail many of the factors which help to create a healthy climate within a company and underlines the importance of incorporating these factors…

Abstract

The Code of Practice spells out in detail many of the factors which help to create a healthy climate within a company and underlines the importance of incorporating these factors into positive personnel policies. It indicates a number of areas where training can make an effective contribution in this direction. Training has traditionally been concerned with the competence of the individual employee but the commitment of individual employees to the company's success is equally important. An understanding of how people work in groups and how jobs relate to one another is needed if this commitment to the company's objectives is to be promoted. There have been a number of substantial changes in attitudes in the foundry industry in recent years, some of which were brought about by technical developments within the industry, others by social changes. Some — for example the Industrial Relations Act — have consequences for every company. In the light of these changes companies are faced with a problem. Should they continue with their existing practices which range from informal to formal written personnel policies, relying when necessary on external legal advice; or alternatively, should they update their present policies or adopt new ones using the Code of Practice as a starting point? This paper concludes with the results of a survey carried out by, the FITC into the extent to which the larger FITC establishments pursue policies and practices as suggested in the Code of Practice.

Details

Personnel Review, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0048-3486

Article
Publication date: 1 June 1970

Reid, Hodson, Guest, Viscount Dilhorne and Upjohn

November 27, 1969 Factory — Maintenance — Floor — Freedom from Obstruction — Obligation — Foundry — Sand floor — Pieces of metal embedded — Whether “reasonably practicable” to…

Abstract

November 27, 1969 Factory — Maintenance — Floor — Freedom from Obstruction — Obligation — Foundry — Sand floor — Pieces of metal embedded — Whether “reasonably practicable” to keep floor clear — Factories Act, 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz.II,c.34), s.28(1).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 8 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Book part
Publication date: 4 April 2016

Stefano Fenoaltea

This paper presents the second-generation estimates for the Italian engineering industry in 1911, a year documented both by the customary demographic census, and the first…

Abstract

This paper presents the second-generation estimates for the Italian engineering industry in 1911, a year documented both by the customary demographic census, and the first industrial census. The first part of this paper uses the census data to estimate the industry’s value added, sector by sector; the second further disaggregates each sector by activity, and estimates the value added, employment, physical product, and metal consumption of each one. A third, concluding section dwells on the dependence of cross-section estimates on time-series evidence. Three appendices detail the specific algorithms that generate the present estimates; a fourth, a useful sample of firm-specific data.

Details

Research in Economic History
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-276-7

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 June 2012

Laurent Sabourin, Vincent Robin, Grigore Gogu and Jean‐Michel Fauconnier

Precision aluminium moulding makes possible the production of large‐size, complex and high‐technology cast parts. However, industrial requirements linked to economic and safety…

Abstract

Purpose

Precision aluminium moulding makes possible the production of large‐size, complex and high‐technology cast parts. However, industrial requirements linked to economic and safety reasons call into question the manual performance of finishing operations. The purpose of this paper is to enhance industrial robot applications by using vision and redundancy optimization to improve their capability.

Design/methodology/approach

After having presented the concepts associated with machine and kinematics capability, the paper first describes the finishing constraints related to the process and the study of inaccuracy factors. Adjusting the trajectory by vision minimizes some inaccuracy factors but does not take into account the structure loading. Therefore, the authors present the optimization, kinematics and precision criteria as well as the multi‐objective method developed by integrating the loading aspect. This method has been verified by simulation and the results validated on industrial parts.

Findings

The paper presents an improvement in machine capacities based on redundancy and an optical 3D measurement system. It develops the strategies, sensors and cell architecture to perform finishing operations.

Research limitations/implications

The finishing of high‐technology structural cast parts requires the completion of the machining and polishing processes adapted to each part. The choice was made to develop a robotic cell dedicated to integrating specific features, in contrast to machine tools.

Practical implications

This study was carried out within the framework of the Eureka SANDCAST project in cooperation with the Alcan group, specialized in high‐technology moulded aluminum parts.

Originality/value

The paper presents an approach to robotic cell capability improvement. The robotic cell is dedicated to finishing operations, by machining and polishing large cast aluminum parts; the objectives are to improve machine capability and kinematics capacity with vision and redundancy management.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 November 2020

Mattia Mele, Giampaolo Campana and Gian Luca Monti

Multi-jet fusion (MJF) process is based on a polymeric powder bed that is heated and irradiated by infra-red lamps. The layer under construction is jetted with inks to provide the…

Abstract

Purpose

Multi-jet fusion (MJF) process is based on a polymeric powder bed that is heated and irradiated by infra-red lamps. The layer under construction is jetted with inks to provide the desired heat management conditions for selective melting. Depending on several process variables, manufactured parts can exhibit lifting of the borders of the top surface of the shape under construction. This phenomenon is related to the capillarity effect. As a result, the top surface of MJF-manufactured parts can present a peculiar convex shape. This study aims to propose a solution that instead induces the capillarity effect outside of the part under construction.

Design/methodology/approach

A specific design is developed to avoid the capillarity effect in MJF. It is based on an analytical model that was previously developed by the authors to estimate the shape and extent of the capillary on top surfaces of benchmark components. The proposed methodology is established by the predicted calculation of maximum values of capillarity rise and length, and safety factors. A fin-shaped geometry is designed to avoid the capillarity effect. An experimental campaign is implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Prototypes are manufactured by an HP MultiJet 4200 in the original design and the so-called finned-riser design, by adding a well-dimensioned appendage on the top surface to shift the capillarity effect outside the border of the part under construction. Measurements are done by a CAM2 ScanArm contactless measuring system to achieve the real shape of top surfaces. Geomagic Control X software by 3D systems is used to evaluate the quality of measured surfaces in comparison with the expected geometry of the top plane of the benchmark.

Findings

The investigated approach involves adding an auxiliary finned-shape appendage, which acts similarly to the risers in foundry technology, to the top surface of the part that is being produced by MJF technology. The procedure and rules for determining the dimensions of the fin are established based on physical considerations and process modelling. The method is then applied to a prototype part, which is designed to highlight the effectiveness of the finned-riser design for improving the dimensional accuracy of the top surfaces of products manufactured by the MJF process. Experimental measurements of top surfaces of the original benchmark are compared to the same ones in the case of the finned-riser benchmark. Reported results are satisfactory, and the capillary effect occurred in the fins outside the border edges of the part. Further developments are planned to extend the proposed design.

Originality/value

MJF technology is attracting large interest from manufacturers to produce mass customised products. The quality of manufactured parts could be affected by peculiar defects related to process parameters. The present work aims to show a method to avoid the capillarity effect. It is based on an original analytical model developed by the authors and implemented successfully in the case of a benchmark geometry.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 27 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

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