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For the drawing of wire there are four types of media which are used as lubricants; water emul‐sions, solids (soaps), non‐aqueous fluids and “pigemented” vehicles. Emulsions and some soaps, such as the alkali soaps, rely, in part, on the forma‐tion of an interfacial film of metallic soap which gives a film of reasonably high viscosity.

Salts of aluminium and calcium such as stearates, octoates and naphthenates, are used to impart structure to oleoresinous paints. Alternatively, aluminium alcohoiates can be used as reactive intermediates which form salts by reaction with the medium. The use of these materials is generally restricted to flat or semi‐gloss paints and storage instability is sometimes encountered. A chlorinated rubber paint which contains titanium, kaolin, talc, a chloroparaffin plasticiser, and a solvent blend of hexyl acetate and xylene, is rendered thixotropic using a 1% level of aluminium stearate addition. The product is suitable for applying as thick corrosion‐resistant coatings to metals.

The aim of the present paper was to examine strategy formation in construction firms. Strategic thinking has become increasingly important because the environment of construction has changed dramatically in recent years. An organizational strategy is the result of a formation process over time and an organization uses strategy when dealing with a changing environment. Therefore, strategies are formed in an iterative process of social interactions involving various activities. The basic unit of analysis strategy must be a distinct business and corporate entity. Corporate strategy should grow out of a deep understanding of how construction firms prosper in individual business areas, i.e. ‘the parenting advantage’. Parenting advantage is a criterion for guiding corporate strategy formation. Business strategy is formed by accepted common thinking and on the basis of business strategy in general. Business strategy and competitive advantage is based on the competencies and resources of firms.

When tin is corroded in nearly neutral solutions a white crust is formed. Similar products are formed in the presence of surface‐active materials and it has been observed that the form of this corrosion product was affected by the concentration of the corrodant. This paper describes a more thorough investigation of the physical form of the corrosion products formed in such solutions, and of the factors controlling their formation.

Un des problèmes essentiels de la formation professionnelle touristique (au sens le plus large du terme, donc y compris l'hôtellerie et la restauration) peut être exprimé par une seule phrase: «lier la formation à l'emploi». En effet, comme toute autre activité de formation, la formation professionnelle dans le domaine du tourisme et de l'hôtellerie se trouve intimement liée au secteur de l'emploi. Chaque branche de formation doit, en principe, correspondre à un emploi bien défini, chaque programme de formation doit tenir compte des exigences du métier, du poste d'emploi pour lequel il est destiné. L'ultime but de la formation professionnelle étant «le débouché», chaque personne ayant reçu une formation spécifique doit être capable d'accomplir les tâches pour lesquelles elle a été formée. Ainsi, les problèmes économiques et sociaux, nationaux ou internationaux liés aux changements conjoncturels et/ou structurels du secteur d'emploi se trouverontils diminués — ne seraitce que partiellement — à l'aide d'une formation professionnelle adéquate. Dans ce contexte, on pourrait notamment faire allusion au problème du chmage des «formés», pour ne pas dire des«diplômés».

The phosphatability of a steel surface and, hence, the corrosion protection achieved is related to the quality of that steel surface. It is the intent of this paper to determine what parameters of the steel surface influence phosphatability. This was done by examining the influence of steel surface roughness and contamination on zinc phosphate coating quality, and by determining the relationship of phosphate coating weight and density to the corrosion resistance of painted steel. A high correlation was found between the amount of corrosion creepback of phosphatized and painted steel substrates and the amount of organic carbon present on the surface of the steel. The carbon, analyzed by Auger Electron Spectroscopy, average approximately 50A in depth and is not removed by phosphate precleaning operations. The carbon inhibits the formation and development of phosphate coatings which are required to provide satisfactory corrosion resistance.

In this series of articles, the author reviews some of the problems involved in the lubrication of modern automobiles and suggests how the use of additive treated oils can assist in their solution. Later parts will cover fuels, oil consumption and drain periods, transmission lubricants, chassis lubrication, etc.

Le rôle sans cesse croissant du tourisme dans nos sociétés induit inévitablement diverses conséquences économiques, sociales et culturelles dont certaines dans le domaine de l'emploi et de la formation.

The success or failure of a new business is often dependent on overcoming a series of potential barriers, eg securing sufficient financial backing, adequate and appropriate guidance and training etc. Yet, in light of the substantial growth rate of micro and small businesses, there has been little research into the experiences of potential and new business owners during the start‐up of such enterprises. To date there has been no systematic study of this group in the UK, and many questions remain unanswered. This study of micro and small business during the initialisation and formation of new venture creation (eg pre‐start‐up, 0‐6 months and 6‐12 months∥ sought to answer some of those questions. It identifies the needs of new business owners, the barriers they encounter, and the strategies they use to overcome those obstacles. The findings indicate that financial difficulties and the attitudes of banks towards new business owners are the main barriers to successful enterprise creation, with mentors and more specific advice cited as the assistance regarded as affording the greatest benefit to potential and new business owners. In addition, small and micro business owners are going out of business, or are unable to fulfil their potential, because they are denied access to those factors that promote success.

A Bluetooth scatternet is a network topology that is formed by inter‐connecting piconets. A piconet is a starshaped ad‐hoc networking unit that can accommodate eight Bluetooth devices, a master and up to seven slaves. By designating certain piconet nodes as bridges, or gateways, we can interconnect piconets by forcing the bridge nodes to interleave their participation in multiple piconets. Bridge nodes form an auxiliary relay connection between adjacent piconet masters and are fundamental for establishing scatternets. In this paper we present a new fault‐tolerant approach to scatternet formation that is selfhealing and operates in a multi‐hop environment. Our Bluetooth Distributed Scatternet Formation Protocol (BTDSP) establishes a flat scatternet topology, allows incremental node arrival, and automatically heals scatternet partitions by re‐incorporating disconnected nodes. By maintaining neighbor associations in soft state, existing links can also be re‐established quickly upon disconnection due to intermittent wireless connectivity. By only using slave/slave bridges, the algorithm is resilient to both node failure and wireless interference. It also prevents time‐slot waste due to master/slave bridges being away from their piconets.