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Presents a case study of Oilgear Towler, supplier of one of the most sophisticated electro‐hydraulic control systems for a Eumuco Hasenclever radial forging machine. One of the key elements of the system is the control of two synchronized manipulators and four forging rams.

The purpose of this paper is to present the direct kinematic analysis of a heavy‐payload forging manipulator. In the grasping stage, the manipulator is equivalent to a 3‐DOF under‐actuated mechanism. In order to deal with the direct position kinematics of the under‐actuated mechanism, the analysis is performed in two steps.

The paper analyzes the direct position kinematics of the 3‐DOF under‐actuated mechanism as follows: first, the authors add a virtual constraint on the mechanism, convert it to a 2‐DOF fully actuated mechanism and calculate the direct kinematics of the constrained mechanism. Then, the constraint is applied to many different positions and the corresponding direct kinematics of the constrained mechanism are calculated, respectively. Finally, the mechanism with lower gravitational potential energy than any other constrained mechanism is chosen, and its direct position is what is needed for the 3‐DOF underactuated mechanism.

The paper provides a solution for the direct kinematic analysis of a heavy‐payload forging manipulator in the grasping stage. Furthermore, the simulation and experiment results confirm the effectiveness of the solution.

The paper proposes a methodology to deal with the direct position kinematics of the 3‐DOF under‐actuated mechanism in two steps.

This paper surveys the work on robot forging which has been taking place at the University of Nottingham over the last two years, initially using a Versatran D301 as a base for a feasibility study. Also it seeks to describe and put into perspective the current work using an A.S.E.A. robot and introduce intended future developments, particularly those related to computer control.

A large variety of robots are used in the forge and foundry industries. As yet no clear pattern of application has emerged but this is likely to change in the years ahead.

Industrial robots bear little resemblance to the science fiction concept of futuristic machines — they are little more than machine tools except that their prime function is handling not making components. Being designed to replace a human operator, many of the machines currently available are somewhat similar in scale to a human being although their continuous weight lifting abilities can be much in excess of a human. They generally have one manipulating arm and there are three classical types of robot architecture:

A Selection of Equipment of Use in the Production and Maintenance of Aircraft, Missiles, Space Vehicles and their Components. To complement their Omnispeed model in National Productivity Year, B. Elliott (Machinery) Ltd., Victoria Road, London, N.W.10, has introduced the Omniturn lathe, for efficient production of small and large batches of turned components. The Omniturn is a faster, more powerful, quick loading, hydraulic copying machine which enables semi‐skilled operators to produce consistently accurate parts far more economically than any skilled operator could hope to achieve on a standard lathe.

A series of articles dealing, in as simple a way as possible, with the basic facts of lubrication, lubricants, their selection and prescription, specification, application, and testing. This series is primarily intended for students, engineering personnel who may be unfamiliar with certain aspects and others who, one way or another, are interested in this important subject.

DEVELOPMENT of hydraulic systems for the transmission of motion, force or power may he considered to have begun with the introduction of the hydraulic press, one of the great inventions that marked the Industrial Revolution during the latter half of the 18th Century. (It was patented in 1795 by the Yorkshireman, Joseph Bramah, renowned in his day for many innovations, including the beer‐engine). For many years after its introduction the hydraulic press represented industrial hydraulics.

The Scottish robot company Lamberton has established a niche market for itself in heavy duty handling. Major contracts have been forthcoming from Europe, the USA and Japan with applications in the foundry, forging, steel and food industries.