Search results
1 – 10 of over 1000Martins Iyoboyi, Latifah Musa-Pedro, Okereke Samuel Felix and Hussaina Sanusi
This paper examines the impact of fiscal constraints on education expenditure in Nigeria from 1981 to 2021, using annual time series data.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines the impact of fiscal constraints on education expenditure in Nigeria from 1981 to 2021, using annual time series data.
Design/methodology/approach
The study deployed cointegration techniques with structural breaks.
Findings
Cointegration was found between education expenditure, debt servicing (a proxy for fiscal constraint) and associated variables. In both the long and short run, debt servicing negatively and significantly impacts education expenditure. While government revenue has a positive and significant impact on education expenditure in the long and short run, political institution has a negative and significant impact in the long run. Political institution is thus critical to education financing in Nigeria. The impact of debt is positive and significant in the short run, but not significant in the long run. There is a unidirectional causality from debt servicing to education expenditure.
Practical implications
Political institutions are critical towards contracting only productive debts and checkmating the adverse political environment through political will that prioritizes education financing.
Originality/value
The study extends the empirical literature on the fiscal constraint-education expenditure first by investigating fiscal constraint-education expenditure nexus given the institutional environment, and second by extending the methodology using cointegration techniques in the midst of structural breaks.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-10-2022-0682.
Details
Keywords
Anna Białek-Jaworska and Agnieszka Krystyna Kopańska
This paper aims to determine whether local governments (LGs) use non-consolidated municipally owned companies (MOCs), excluded from public sector entities and, consequently, from…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to determine whether local governments (LGs) use non-consolidated municipally owned companies (MOCs), excluded from public sector entities and, consequently, from sub-national debt to avoid fiscal debt limits. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the fiscal debt rule’s impact on the off-budget municipal activities in total and separate in different types of local government units.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses difference-in-differences and the system general method of moments model with the Blundell–Bond estimator for dynamic panel data analysis of MOCs owned by 866 Polish municipalities in 2010–2018.
Findings
This paper shows that the MOCs’ revenues support limited local public debt capacity by indebtedness restrictions imposed on municipalities in 2014. As a result, less indebted municipalities have higher off-budget revenues. The tightening of fiscal rules related to sub-sovereign indebtedness increased off-budget activities, but that effect is much stronger in rural and rural–urban municipalities than in urban municipalities and big cities.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature by exploring the fiscal debt rule’s impact on the off-budget municipal activities in total and separate in different types of local government units. In this paper, the authors combine theories relating to private and public finance; this is a novel approach and one that is also necessary – as, in fact, the worlds of public and private actors intersect – as exemplified by the existence of MOC.
Details
Keywords
Khanh Hoang, Quang Thi Thieu Nguyen and Cuong Nguyen
This study examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on investment decision-making of start-up firms in Japan. While existing literature suggests firms generally…
Abstract
Purpose
This study examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on investment decision-making of start-up firms in Japan. While existing literature suggests firms generally retrench investment under EPU, the authors argue that start-ups’ investment behaviours are likely different given the fact that start-ups always have to compete for survival.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors investigate the impact of general economic policy and policy-specific uncertainty, including monetary policy, fiscal policy, trade policy and exchange rate policy uncertainty, on corporate investment of start-up firms using multiple fixed-effect regression. A wide range of robustness and endogeneity tests are conducted to ensure the validity and soundness of the empirical findings.
Findings
The authors document a positive effect of EPU on start-up investment, to suggesting that the investment behaviour of start-ups is backed by venture capital distinct from that of mature firms. The results show that start-ups are more vulnerable during the changes in trade and exchange rate policies; uncertainties in monetary and fiscal policies do not restrain firms' investment. However, the effect varies in the cross-sections. Financial constraints have a moderating effect on the relation-ship between EPU on start-up investment. Institutional investors have an incremental effect on the positive relationship between EPU and start-up investment by encouraging risky investments.
Originality/value
This is the first study to investigate how start-up investment is influenced by EPU, thus providing a new understanding of the investment behaviour of start-up firms during uncertainty. Further investigation sheds light on the roles of institutional and managerial ownership in this newfound relationship.
Details
Keywords
Weak trade and fiscal policy constraints suggest global GDP growth will slow somewhat in 2024, with China and the United States losing momentum. Hopes for growth-boosting rate…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB283146
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
AD won the March 10 election by a narrow margin, well short of a majority, with the outgoing Socialist Party (PS) a close second and the radical right Chega in third. Together…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285998
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Amanpreet Kaur, Vikas Kumar, Rahul Sindhwani, Punj Lata Singh and Abhishek Behl
Due to the financial disturbances created by the COVID-19 pandemic and the burden on the government exchequer, it is expected to see a rise in the knowledge base of the research…
Abstract
Purpose
Due to the financial disturbances created by the COVID-19 pandemic and the burden on the government exchequer, it is expected to see a rise in the knowledge base of the research corpus so far as the government's fiscal sustainability is concerned. Therefore, the present research examines a systematic quantitative analysis of public debt sustainability research by applying a bibliometric approach. Research also analyzes journals, institutions, countries and authors contributing to public debt sustainability.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper scrutinizes the published scientific research on public debt sustainability based on the dataset of 535 articles from 1991 to 2021 obtained from the Scopus database. Biblioshiny (R-based application) and VoSviewer software were used to perform bibliometric analysis through Performance analysis and science mapping techniques. The authors combined co-citation analysis (CCA), bibliometric analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis (KCA) and a conceptual thematic map of the most cited articles to find the intellectual structure.
Findings
The research identified three dominating clusters, e.g. fiscal sustainability and policy rules, empirical sustainability testing and debt and growth dynamics. Another finding was that most articles were analytical and empirical and few descriptive articles were found. Owing to the empirical nature of the domain, the issues concerning public debt sustainability have continued to change over the past decades for different economies, reflecting the complexity and diversity of economic structures of different economies at different times.
Originality/value
The insight of this article provides academicians and researchers with a more refined comprehension of the conceptual and intellectual structure of the research corpus. The present research complements the existing literature review studies by pushing the research towards emerging or less developed issues such as financial and debt crises.
Details
Keywords
The move by non-tenure-track faculty and post-doctoral researchers came two months after Claudine Gay resigned under pressure as the university’s president. The two developments…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286015
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has thus far delivered stability, but political and economic challenges lie ahead that could threaten FdI's popularity and thus its dominance of the…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285445
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
The unsustainable public debt of most African economies adversely affects their economic growth and stability. This study aims to explore the influence of cross-country indicators…
Abstract
Purpose
The unsustainable public debt of most African economies adversely affects their economic growth and stability. This study aims to explore the influence of cross-country indicators of governance from African countries on public debt accumulation.
Design/methodology/approach
The study deployed a quantitative research design technique. Secondary data was used in this study. The frequency of the data is annual, and it is available from 1996 to 2022 for 48 countries in Africa. The study deployed the system generalized method of moments for the estimation.
Findings
The study finds that countries with high regulatory quality standards, control corruption and ensure effective governance accumulate less government debt while countries that abide by the rule of law instead accumulate more government debt. The study also finds that economic growth and government revenue reduce government gross debt while government expenditure and investments increase public debt.
Research limitations/implications
Due to data unavailability, other factors which are likely to influence government debt accumulation were not included in the study as control variables. This is the limitation of the study.
Social implications
African governments should strive to maintain high regulatory quality standards through the formulation and implementation of sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development, and ensure quality and accountability of public and civil services. Governments are also urged to control corruption and enact good laws so that the enforcement of these laws will not worsen the risk of becoming debt-distressed.
Originality/value
Recent studies on governance and public debt were focused on the Arabian Gulf countries, countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and a combination of high and low-income countries. This study scrutinizes exclusively the effects of the quality of governance indicators on public debt accumulation, in the context of Africa.
Details
Keywords
Sean Gossel and Misheck Mutize
This study investigates (1) whether democratization drives sovereign credit ratings (SCR) changes (the “democratic advantage”) or whether SCR changes affect democratization, (2…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates (1) whether democratization drives sovereign credit ratings (SCR) changes (the “democratic advantage”) or whether SCR changes affect democratization, (2) whether the degree of democratization in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries affects the associations and (3) whether the associations are significantly affected by resource dependence.
Design/methodology/approach
This study investigates the effects of SCR changes on democracy in 22 SSA countries over the period of 2000–2020 VEC Granger causality/block exogeneity Wald tests, and impulse responses and variance decomposition analyses with Cholesky ordering and Monte Carlo standard errors in a panel VECM framework.
Findings
The full sample impulse responses find that a SCR shock has a long-run detrimental effect on the democracy and political rights but only a short-run positive impact on civil liberties. Among the sub-samples, it is found that the extent of natural resource dependence does not affect the magnitude of SCR shocks on democratization mentioned above but it is found that a SCR shock affects long-run democracy in SSA countries that are relatively more democratic but is more likely to drive democratic deepening in less democratic SSA countries. The full sample variance decompositions further finds that the variance of SCR to a political rights shock outweighs the effects of all the macroeconomic factors, whereas in more diversified SSA countries, the variances of SCR are much greater for democracy and political rights shocks, which suggests that democratization and political rights in diversified SSA economies are severely affected by SCR changes. In the case of the high and low democracy sub-samples, it is found that the variance of SCR in the relatively higher democracy sub-sample is greater than in the low democracy sub-sample.
Social implications
These results have three implications for democratization in SSA. First, the effect of a SCR change is not a democratically agnostic and impacts political rights to a greater extent than civil liberties. Second, SCR changes have the potential to spark a negative cycle in SSA countries whereby a downgrade leads to a deterioration in socio-political stability coupled with increased financial economic constraints that in turn drive further downgrades and macroeconomic hardship. Finally, SCR changes are potentially detrimental for democracy in more democratic SSA countries but democratically supportive in less democratic SSA countries. Thus, SSA countries that are relatively politically sophisticated are more exposed to the effects of SCR changes, whereas less politically sophisticated SSA countries can proactively shape their SCRs by undertaking political reforms.
Originality/value
This study is the first to examine the associations between SCR and democracy in SSA. This is critical literature for the Africa’s scholarly work given that the debate on unfair rating actions and claims of subjective rating methods is ongoing.
Details