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Book part
Publication date: 17 August 2011

Biswa Nath Bhattacharyay

Several developing economies witnessed a large number of systemic financial and currency crises since the 1980s that resulted in severe economic, social, and political problems…

Abstract

Several developing economies witnessed a large number of systemic financial and currency crises since the 1980s that resulted in severe economic, social, and political problems. The devastating impact of the 1982 and 1994–1995 Mexican crises, the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis, the 1998 Russian crisis, and the ongoing financial crisis of 2008–2009 suggests that maintaining financial sector stability through reduction in vulnerability is highly crucial. The world is now witnessing an unprecedented systemic financial crisis originated from the USA in September 2008 together with a deep worldwide economic recession, particularly in developed countries of Europe and North America. This calls for devising and using on a regular basis an appropriate and effective monitoring and policy formulation system for detecting and addressing vulnerabilities leading to crisis. This chapter proposes a macroprudential/financial soundness monitoring, analysis, and remedial policy formulation system that can be used by most developing countries with or without crisis experience as well as with limited data. It also discusses a process for identifying and compiling a set of leading macroprudential/financial soundness indicators. An empirical illustration using Philippines data is presented. There is an urgent need for increased coordination, collaboration, and partnership among central banks, banking and financial market supervision agencies, and ministries of finance, economic, and planning for proper macroprudential monitoring. A high-level national financial stability committee under the auspices of the head of the state as well as a ‘‘regional financial stability board’’ needs to be established to complement and support the activities of an “international stability board.”

Book part
Publication date: 2 March 2011

Carlo Gola and Francesco Spadafora

The global financial crisis has magnified the role of Financial Sector Surveillance (FSS) in the International Monetary Fund's activities. This chapter surveys the various steps…

Abstract

The global financial crisis has magnified the role of Financial Sector Surveillance (FSS) in the International Monetary Fund's activities. This chapter surveys the various steps and initiatives through which the Fund has increasingly deepened its involvement in FSS. Overall, this process can be characterised by a preliminary stage and two main phases. The preliminary stage dates back to the 1980s and early 1990s, and was mainly related to the Fund's research and technical assistance activities within the process of monetary and financial deregulation embraced by several member countries. The first ‘official’ phase of the Fund's involvement in FSS started in the aftermath of the Mexican crisis, and relates to the international call to include financial sector issues among the core areas of Fund surveillance. The second phase focuses on the objectives of bringing the coverage of financial sector issues ‘up-to-par’ with the coverage of other traditional core areas of surveillance, and of integrating financial analysis into the Fund's analytical macroeconomic framework. By urging the Fund to give greater attention to its member countries' financial systems, the international community's response to the global crisis may mark the beginning of a new phase of FSS. The Fund's financial sector surveillance, particularly on advanced economies, is of paramount importance for emerging market and developing countries, as they are vulnerable to spillover effects from crises originated in advanced economies. Emerging market and developing economies, which constitute the majority of the Fund's 187 members, are currently the recipients of over 50 programmes of financial support from the Fund (including those of a precautionary nature), totalling over $250 billion.

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The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Emerging Financial Markets
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-85724-754-4

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Central Bank Policy: Theory and Practice
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78973-751-6

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The Banking Sector Under Financial Stability
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-681-5

Book part
Publication date: 26 May 2022

Yudha Aryo Sudibyo, Novita Puspasari and Yanuar Eko Restianto

Rural poverty has been a significant problem in Indonesia for decades. To address this issue, rural microfinance institutions play an essential role. Badan Kredit Desa (Village…

Abstract

Rural poverty has been a significant problem in Indonesia for decades. To address this issue, rural microfinance institutions play an essential role. Badan Kredit Desa (Village Credit Institution/BKD) is an existing microfinance institution at the village level. This study aims to assess the financial health of BKD and explore whether transformation into a formal form of microfinance institutions can be done to help improve the welfare and economy of people in rural areas. This study used a mixed-method approach to understand the rural microfinance institution's condition by analyzing financial data for the 2016–2018 period and conducting an in-depth interview with BKD stakeholders to explore the possibility of transformation. This study found 15 out of 20 BKDs with relatively healthy criteria that can be transformed into a formal microfinance institution. In comparison, five BKDs that fall under the criteria cannot be transformed into formal ones. Moreover, BKDs have to face internal and external problems that might cause their low financial performance in conducting their operational activities. This research has several significant implications; first, as a baseline for local governments to determine the future of BKDs; second, transformed BKD will foster entrepreneurship by giving productive loans to village people; third, more economic activities as a result of increased entrepreneurship will lower poverty levels in the village; fourth, increased entrepreneurship and reduced poverty will support positive economic growth for Indonesia.

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Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Indonesia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-431-1

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Book part
Publication date: 4 December 2018

Indranarain Ramlall

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The Banking Sector Under Financial Stability
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-681-5

Book part
Publication date: 9 November 2023

Mochammad Doddy Ariefianto and Irwan Trinugroho

A banking system is essential for financial stability, especially economic growth and development. The authors investigate the dynamic linkage of key banking system stability…

Abstract

A banking system is essential for financial stability, especially economic growth and development. The authors investigate the dynamic linkage of key banking system stability measures, namely, liquidity, capital, profitability, and credit risk. To this end, the authors employ Panel Vector Autoregressive (VAR) to a panel data set of country-level banking system indicators from seven developing countries; from March 2010 to December 2020 (308 country quarter observations). A nation is selected on the basis of similar characteristics large and bank-based economy with the considerably same stage of economic development. The authors find a remarkable resilient feature of the banking system in which both liquidity risk and credit risk appears significant only in the short run (within three quarters). Shocks from both risk sources dissipate quickly, suggesting an internal mechanism is at work. This study provides evidence of how a good performance of financial safety net should be.

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Macroeconomic Risk and Growth in the Southeast Asian Countries: Insight from SEA
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-285-2

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Book part
Publication date: 1 March 2021

Indrani Manna

This chapter proposes a measure of systemic default interconnectedness between banks, non-banks, housing finance companies in India and globally systemically important banks based…

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This chapter proposes a measure of systemic default interconnectedness between banks, non-banks, housing finance companies in India and globally systemically important banks based on variance decompositions associated with a multiple variable vector autoregression of probability of default of the institutions. We call it the “vulnerability spillover index” (VSI). The vulnerability indices capture all the major macro and financial stress events in the Indian and global economy explaining the interconnections between sectors and underlying reasons for spillovers and potential for a systemic crisis. Thresholds of VSI are calculated which may enable prediction of financial stress events.

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Recent Developments in Asian Economics International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-359-8

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Understanding Financial Stability
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-834-1

Book part
Publication date: 24 October 2013

Franklin Allen, Xian Gu and Oskar Kowalewski

In this chapter we study the intra-group transactions between the parent bank and its foreign subsidiaries in European Union (EU) countries during the crisis. We use…

Abstract

In this chapter we study the intra-group transactions between the parent bank and its foreign subsidiaries in European Union (EU) countries during the crisis. We use hand-collected data from annual statements on related party transaction and find that they may create a serious problem for the stability of the foreign banks’ subsidiaries. Moreover, as some of those subsidiary banks were large by assets in some of the member states the related party transactions with the parent bank created a serious threat to the host countries’ financial system stability. We attribute this transaction to the weak governance in foreign subsidiaries. We suggest improvements in governance as well as greater disclosure of related party transactions in bank holding companies in Europe.

Details

Global Banking, Financial Markets and Crises
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78350-170-0

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