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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the detection performance of infrared photoelectric detection system and establish stable tracking platform.

This paper puts forward making use of the finite element analysis method to set up the infrared radiation characteristics calculation model of flying target in infrared photoelectric detection system; researches the target optical characteristics based on the target imaging detection theory; sets up the heat balance equation of target’s surface node and gives the calculation method of total radiation intensity of flying target; and deduces the target detection distance calculation function; studies the changed regulation of radiation energy that charge coupled device (CCD) gain comes from target surface infrared heat radiations under different sky background luminance and different target flight attitude.

Through calculation and experiment analysis, the results show that when the target’s surface area increases or the target flight velocity is higher, the radiation energy that CCD obtained is higher, which is advantageous to the target stable detection in infrared photoelectric detection system.

This paper uses the finite element analysis method to set up the infrared radiation characteristics calculation model of flying target and give the calculation and experiment results; those results can provide some data and improve the design method of infrared photoelectric detection system, and it is of value.

In order to study whether far-infrared fabrics can be used as a garment for breast cancer patients, or as an adjuvant rehabilitation underwear for breast cancer patients after postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, to eliminate tissue edema. To explore the effect of different far-infrared fabrics on the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells as a basic in vitro study.

Six kinds of fabrics of the same specification with different far-infrared nanoparticles were selected. MCF7 and Bcap37 breast cancer cells were used to study the effect of far-infrared fabrics on cell proliferation and invasion. Six kinds of far-infrared fabrics were used to culture breast cancer cells and explore their effects on breast cancer cell growth and the difference between different far-infrared fabrics.

It is found that the far-infrared emissivity of six kinds of fabrics are different, among which tea carbon fabric is the highest, followed by volcanic fabric, graphene fabric and biomass graphene fabric are the lowest. The results show that the far-infrared fabrics can significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells, the higher the far-infrared emissivity is, and the longer the time of far-infrared radiation, the more significant the inhibition effect is.

Far-infrared fabrics can inhibit proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, far-infrared fabrics can be used for adjuvant rehabilitation of breast cancer patients. This conclusion provides a basis for the application of far-infrared functional fabrics in the medical field. This conclusion provides a basis for the application of far-infrared functional fabrics in medical field.

Far infrared radiation (FIR) has been shown to have physiological effects when used as a treatment modality for certain medical conditions. Athletic apparel are currently commercially available that are constructed with fabrics that purportedly emit FIR. If apparel with this technology are capable of inducing positive physiological effects, then there may be important implications when worn by an athlete during exercise. The purpose of this study is to examine whether FIR apparel has an effect on oxygen consumption during exercise at submaximal intensities. Twelve male cyclists have completed submaximal incremental cycling tests. Each subject is tested on 4 separate days, twice while wearing a full body Control garment, and twice while wearing a similar garment made out of FIR fabric. Throughout each cycling test, the volume of oxygen uptake is monitored by using a breathing mask and metabolic analysis cart. At lower cycling intensities, the subjects consume statistically significantly less oxygen when wearing the FIR apparel compared to the Control garment, despite performing the same amount of mechanical work. Additional research is required to determine the implication of this effect for a training or competing athlete; however, the results indicate that this apparel technology does elicit a physiological effect.

The effectiveness of the far infrared radiation processing cloth as clothing material is discussed. Temperature rise of the irradiation plane is more rapid than the heating by heat conduction and convection for the radiant heating. Skin temperature change and thermal sensation of the examinee wearing the sweater with a plastic heater at back were examined. “The relation of the inverse proportion of heat intensity to the time needed until the extent of thermal stimulation perceived was examined. Individual examinees tested, by oral contact, the extent of the pleasant sensation produced by the warming condition. They judged the extent of the warming according to whether it felt comfortable. Individually, they differed a great extent in their opinion of what was comfortable. However, for all examinees, the relationship of warming and feeling comfortable was confined within narrow parameters. In this experiment, a unit of the radiant heat stimulation was determined by dividing mW/cm² by the warming period, since intermittent warming was carried out.” The degree of the skin temperature perceived by the sensation was almost fixed at 33–35, even if the radiant heat strength differed. The rapid thermal stimulation by radiant heating can be perceived even for a slight temperature rise of the skin. It is also necessary to consider the temperature rise speed, except for the temperature rise of the cloth surface, when the effectiveness of the far infrared radiation processing cloth was discussed.

This study examined the wear comfort and thermal insulation properties of Al₂O₃/graphite particle-imbedded sheath/core and dispersed fabrics via a thermal manikin experiment.

Al₂O₃/graphite sheath/core and dispersed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarn (POY 120d/24f) were spun using a pilot melt bi-component conjugated spinning machine, which was texturized as 75d/24f on the belt-type texturing machine. The woven fabric specimens were made using nylon 70d/34f in the warp with three types of weft yarn: Al₂O₃/graphite sheath/core, dispersed and regular PET yarns. Thermal insulation properties were measured and compared in terms of the heat retention rate (I) by KES-F7 apparatus and the maximum surface temperature by light heat emission equipment, as verified by the emissivity of various fabric specimens by far-infrared ray experiment. In addition, this study examined the thermal insulation (Clo value) characteristics of the clothes made of Al₂O₃/graphite sheath/core and dispersed fabrics using a thermal manikin apparatus, which were compared with the properties of regular PET clothing.

The thermal insulation of the dispersed fabric was superior to that of the sheath/core fabric, which was tentatively attributed to the higher emissivity of the dispersed yarn with Al₂O₃/graphite particles distributed over the whole yarn cross-section than that from the core of the sheath/core yarn. This result for the clothing measured using a thermal manikin was consistent with the higher heat retention rate (I) and the maximum surface temperature of the dispersed fabric than that of the sheath/core fabric. In addition, the thermal insulation of the dispersed and sheath/core fabrics was superior to that of the regular PET fabric, which revealed that the Al₂O₃/graphite particles imbedded in the dispersed and sheath/core yarns exerted a greater effect on the heat storage and release characteristics compared to that of the TiO₂ particles in regular PET yarn. The Clo values of the dispersed and sheath/core fabrics under the light-on condition were much higher than those under the light-off condition, and furthermore, the difference of the Clo value between the sheath/core and regular PET fabrics under light-on condition was approximately 1.7 times greater than that under the light-off condition. These results revealed that the far-infrared rays emitted from the Al₂O₃/graphite particles imbedded in the sheath/core and dispersed yarns enhance the heat storage and release characteristics from the fabric under the light-on condition, i.e. under the sunlight.

The previously examined thermal wear comfort properties of the various inorganic particle-imbedded fabrics were measured with the fabric state, not clothing, which could not provide objective data related to the actual wearing performance of clothing.

This study aims to test the effects of Celliant armbands on grip strength in subjects with chronic wrist and elbow pain. Celliant® is a functional textile fabric containing minerals that emit infrared radiation (IR) in response to body heat. IR-emitting fabrics have biological effects including the reduction of pain and inflammation and the stimulation of muscle function.

A randomized placebo-controlled trial recruited 80 subjects (40 per group) with a six-month history of chronic wrist or elbow pain (carpal tunnel syndrome, epicondylitis or arthritis) to wear an armband (real Celliant or placebo fabric) on the affected wrist or elbow for two weeks. Grip strength was measured by a dynamometer before and after the two-week study.

For the placebo group, the mean grip strength increased from 47.95 ± 25.14 (baseline) to 51.69 ± 27.35 (final), whereas for the Celliant group, it increased from 46.3 ± 22.02 to 54.1 ± 25.97. The mean per cent increase over the two weeks was +7.8% for placebo and +16.8% for Celliant (p = 0.0372). No adverse effects was observed.

Limitations include the wide variation in grip strength in the participants at baseline measurement, which meant that only the percentage increase between baseline and final measurements showed a significant difference. Moreover, no subjective measurements of pain or objective neurophysiology testes was done.

Celliant armbands are easy to wear and have not been shown to produce any adverse effects. Therefore, there appears to be no barrier to prevent widespread uptake.

IR-emitting textiles have been studied for their beneficial effects, both in patients diagnosed with various disorders and also in healthy volunteers for health and wellness purposes. Although there are many types of textile technology that might be used to produce IR-emitting fabrics, including coating of the fabric with a printed layer of ceramic material, incorporating discs of mineral into the garment, the authors feel that incorporating ceramic particles into the polymer fibers from which the fabric is woven is likely to be the most efficient way of achieving the goal.

Celliant armbands appear to be effective in painful upper limb inflammatory disorders, and further studies are warranted. The mechanism of action is not completely understood, but the hypothesis that the emitted IR radiation is absorbed by nanostructured intracellular water provides some theoretical justification.

The application of far-infrared energy to skin is expected to lead to vasodilatation of the skin surface, consequently warming the skin, and promoting sleep induction. The purpose of this paper was to test whether bedsheets impregnated with bioceramic far-infrared technology would improve the perception of sleep in a sample of healthy adults.

Twenty-nine adults consented to participate, randomizing 17 to the far-infrared bedsheets and 12 to the control bedsheets. Two of the control participants dropped out prior to randomization and prior to completing any assessments and therefore are excluded from the analyses. After baseline assessment, participants slept on their randomly assigned sheets for five weeks, followed by a one week “wash out”. Insomnia symptoms were assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index, depression symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire, “vigor” and “fatigue” with the Profile of Mood States, and napping behavior with daily sleep diaries.

During the period of randomization, the participants on the far-infrared sheets reported fewer insomnia symptoms and less napping. This advantage was lost during the wash out period.

Far-infrared technology produces benefits on reported sleep in healthy normal adults.

This paper outlines the innovations in high functional and high performance fibres for applications in protective clothing, including fibres for flame and heat protection. It also describes some typical woven and non‐woven constructions for such applications. And presents the trends in producing smart textile materials, capable of interacting with human/environmental conditions.

Performing physical activity and sports generates a wide range of physiological alterations and adaptations. Several different textiles can help to improve some of these processes. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature addressing the physiological effects of textiles with bioceramic materials in physical activity and sports.

A search was carried out in the scientific literature available in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and SportDiscus. In total, 295 records were identified through the database search; after removing duplicates and reading the title and abstract, only 4 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These were thus included in the qualitative synthesis.

The use of bioceramic garments affects thermoregulation, helps to reduce body temperature during physical activity, provide better sweat evacuation and lower bacterial growth, improves performance, and facilitates recovery after exercise.

There are few scientific studies that analyse the use of bioceramic garments; however, it is difficult to demonstrate the validity of this type of garment. Therefore, future studies are necessary to analyse their suitability in this area.

This study aims to investigate the effects of exhaust direction on exhaust plume and helicopter infrared radiation in hover and cruise status.

Four exhaust modes are concerned, and the external flow field and fuselage temperature field are calculated by numerical simulation. The infrared radiation intensity distributions of the four models in hovering and cruising states are computed by the ray-tracing method.

Under the hover status, the exhaust plume is deflected to flow downward after it exhausts from the nozzle exit, upon the impact of the main-rotor downwash. Besides, the exhaust plume shows a “swirling” movement following the main-rotor rotational direction. The forward-flight flow helps prevent the hot exhaust plume from a collision with the helicopter fuselage generally for the cruise status. In general, the oblique-upward exhaust mode provides moderate infrared radiation intensities in all of the viewing directions, either under the hover or the cruise status. Compared with the hover status, the infrared radiation intensity distribution alters somewhat in cruise.

Illustrating the influences of exhaust direction on plume flow and helicopter infrared radiation and the differences of helicopter infrared radiation under hover and cruise statuses are identified. Finally, an appropriate exhaust mode is proposed to provide a better IR signature distribution.