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Prior studies have mainly advanced the understanding of a linear relationship between leadership humility and employee work outcomes, mediated and/or moderated by various individual, team and organizational variables. This study attempts to advance prior knowledge by investigating a potential curvilinear relationship between leadership humility and frontline service employee (FSE) performance and the role of FSE's psychological capital (PsyCap) in attenuating this curvilinear relationship.

Survey data were drawn from a survey sample of 273 FSEs working in the hospitality industry of the United States of America. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to test the proposed hypotheses.

The results uncover the existence of a tipping point in the relationship between leader humility and FSE performance; that is, humble behaviors expressed by leaders positively influence FSE performance up to the tipping point beyond which FSE performance starts to diminish. However, this curvilinear effect is attenuated when FSE's PsyCap is high but not when it is low.

The findings provide service managers with insights into the importance of balancing their humble behaviors to yield optimal FSE performance. Furthermore, the paper points to the need for FSE's PsyCap cultivation within service firms so that FSEs are less dependent on their supervisors and can deliver highly satisfactory results.

This research is one of the very first to investigate the curvilinear relationship between leader humility and FSE performance and the moderating role of PsyCap in attenuating the curvilinear effect.

Traditionally, buildings are designed in accordance with prescriptive building and fire codes. Rapid urbanization causes an increase in urban population and commercial activities, and an increase in demand for large and complex buildings. Buildings that have been constructed in accordance with the old prescriptive requirements may not have the same fire safety level as the standard enforced today, even if all fire safety items are maintained at the original design standard. It is the usual practice that any upgrading or alteration works to be carried out in an existing building are required to comply with the requirements currently enforced. The demand for using a performance‐based approach for designing large complex buildings as well as alteration works in existing or historical buildings is increasing. The paper aims to discuss the issues involved

This paper presents a brief comparison of the use of performance‐based fire safety design in three locations and presents the use of a system dynamics model to examine how the technological investment will affect the use of performance‐based fire safety design.

The model predicts that increased investment by the Hong Kong authorities would see a rise in the number of building projects using a performance‐based approach within a few years.

The research in this paper provides guidance to the building control regime in Hong Kong on how to achieve an increase in the use of a fire‐engineered approach to enhance fire safety design in buildings.

Authenticity is a complex character that is valued in service contexts. Frontline service employees (FSEs), as both brand representatives and individuals who interact with clients, can signal their authenticity to customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate how FSEs signal their authenticity to customers. The authors investigate authenticity signal themes and develop a typology of how FSEs use these signals in the workplace.

This research uses a multi-method approach: qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with FSE and customers and quantitative data were collected in a follow-up survey using a sample of financial planners.

Findings from both studies show that FSE can use signals reflecting the display of client-centricity, positive emotions, transparency and disclosure of personal information. A latent profile analysis reveals three authenticity signal profiles, differing in the extent to which FSE uses each of these signals.

This study identifies how FSEs can shape perceptions of authenticity in a service context, thus expanding theory by integrating both personal and brand authenticity perspectives. The findings further demonstrate that authenticity can be signaled on multiple dimensions, reflecting the complex nature of this construct.

The findings from this research can guide managers in developing workplace policies that enable FSEs to display authenticity in various ways to customers. Managers can further use the insights from this research to identify needs for FSE training and development.

The authors create novel insights into how FSEs signal authenticity to customers given their dual roles as individuals and brand representatives. This study offers nuanced insights into different types of signals and their application in a service context.

Building upon the framework of the tradeoff model of capital structure and motivated by the equity market timing theory, we examine whether equity misvaluation is a source of adjustment “costs” that will affect a firm’s leverage adjustment speed toward target. We also investigate whether the quality of a firm’s long-term growth options will influence the decisions of managers to exploit the mispriced equity to converge to the optimum. Using a sample of listed Taiwanese firms during 1992–2014 and employing the market-to-book decomposition as developed by Rhodes-Kropf, Robinson, and Viswanathan (2005), we find that overleveraged and overvalued firms demonstrate faster adjustment speed than overleveraged but undervalued firms. Furthermore, controlling for the misvaluation status, high-growth firms converge to target faster than their low-growth counterparts. The effect of growth options on the relation between equity mispricing and adjustment speed does not mirror the effect of financing deficits. With the detailed financial information of the local companies across a rather long time series, this study provides incremental inputs to the literature of capital structure from the determinants of target leverage, the estimation of leverage adjustment speeds, to the identification of the sources of adjustment costs in an emerging market where institutional environment is strikingly different from the US.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between financial self-efficacy (FSE) and financial inclusion (FI) among individual financial consumers in Uganda.

Using a quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design, a sample of 400 individuals from urban Central and rural Northern Uganda was drawn. SPSS and AMOS™ 21, regression analysis and structural equation models were used to establish the hypothesized relationship between FSE and FI.

The results suggest a strong positive and significant relationship between FSE and FI. The results further suggest that other variables which were controlled for, such as age and gender, had significant influence on an individual’s usage of formal financial services.

The study was assessed using both potential and actual consumers of financial services collectively. However, if separately assessed, possibly there would be a variation in behavioral responses toward FI.

Formal financial service providers need to enhance individuals’ levels of confidence in management of finances and utilization of formal financial products and services, so that the financial consumers can realize the changes in financial behavior and consequently FI.

The enhancement of individuals’ level of confidence in evaluating the available financial service options will guide them to take financial decisions that will improve their livelihood.

The results contribute toward the limited empirical and theoretical evidence for FSE and FI from a behavioral demand-side perspective.

This study aims to review the relationship between financial self-efficacy, financial attitude and financial well-being from an individual perspective. Individual decision-making concerning finance is influenced by a number of factors; hence, it becomes pertinent to explore these factors. Financial well-being is an emerging field in finance that has drawn the attention of researchers and it explains individual perception on his/her ability to meet current and future financial obligations.

To achieve the research objectives, the study used cross-sectional research design and data were collected from retirees in the north-central Nigeria. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, correlations and regression analyses were generated to explain the relationship between financial self-efficacy, financial attitude and financial well-being of retirees in Nigeria.

The results revealed significant relationship between financial self-efficacy, financial attitude and financial well-being of retirees. Furthermore, the results also indicated that educational qualification has significant effects on the financial well-being of retirees in Nigeria.

The study used cross-sectional design, hence, leaving out longitudinal study. Future research using longitudinal data that explore behaviors of retirees over time could be suitable. In addition, only quantitative data were used to measure constructs under study and use of qualitative data were ignored. Further studies using qualitative data are possible.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to examine the relationship between financial self-efficacy, financial attitude and financial well-being of the retirees in a developing country situation. These factors are missing in finance literature in promoting financial well-being, especially in Nigeria.

This study aims to investigate the moderating role of gamification on the relationship of financial attitude (FA), financial self-efficacy (FSE) and financial planning activity (FPA) of individuals on the financial behavior of individuals and also provides a conceptual background on financial management behavior (FMB), FA, FSE and FPA of individuals.

A preliminary study with the help of a structured questionnaire was conducted by administering the questionnaire to individuals who are exposed to financial apps on their smart phones or personal computers for various money-saving and investment activities. Help of various financial planners and financial consultants led to successful circulation of the questionnaire to respondents. The research model was tested through structural equation modeling using AMOS-21 software. Firstly, a measurement model was evaluated that comprised five latent constructs, i.e. gamifying features (GF), FA, FSE, FPA and FMB. Subsequently, the structural model consisting of the hypothesized relationships was evaluated.

The role of GF in financial apps and applications in moderating the influence of FA, FSE and FPA on FMB has not been thoroughly studied in the past literature, and the results of this study show that GF significantly moderate the influence of FA and FPA on the FMB of individuals. However, according to the results GF in financial apps do not have a significant moderating role on the influence of FSE on FMB of individuals.

The studies in the past have not investigated the role of gamification in the area of personal finance of individual investors, specifically their financial behavior in both developed and developing countries. This study addresses this gap by examining the role of gamification in moderating the relationship that exists between FA, FSE, FPA and financial behavior.

The purpose of this paper is to understand investment intention of prospective individual investors in a developing country (i.e. India) by using the “Theory of Planned Behaviour” (TPB) (where perceived behavioural control has been replaced with financial self-efficacy, FSE) and two additional constructs, i.e. financial knowledge and personality traits (i.e. risk-taking propensity and preference for innovation) have been introduced.

The study uses quantitative and cross-sectional approach wherein questionnaire based survey was done to collect responses from prospective individual investors (920 usable responses). AMOS and SPSS have been used to establish the hypothesised relationship between the constructs.

The results of the study suggested that attitude was responsible for partial mediation between the relationship of financial knowledge and investment intention, whereas financial self-efficacy was exerting a dual role on the relationship between personality traits and investment intention. Subjective norms, on the other hand, exerted a weak positive effect on investment intention.

This study is limited to measure the investment intention in financial markets in case of prospective individual investors; it does not incorporate the actual investment behaviour, the study also fails to include demographic factors which play a vital role in investment decision making. Furthermore, the study has only considered objective dimension of financial knowledge.

The findings will be useful for financial service providers who need to enhance the FSE and financial knowledge and design a “behavioural portfolio” according the personality traits of their clients.

The up-liftment of financial confidence among individuals in order to motivate them to participate in financial markets and enjoy “short-cuts” towards financial success.

This study is one of the initial attempts in the context of the Indian Stock Market to introduce FSE as a dual (both mediating and moderating) construct between personality traits and investment intention using TPB, moreover, this study also provides the necessary impetus to analyse the relationship between financial knowledge and investment intention with attitude as the mediating variable.

Frontline service employees (FSEs) face high demands of emotional labor when dealing with difficult, and sometimes even uncivil, customer behavior while attempting to deliver service with a smile. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether employees reciprocate uncivil customer behavior. The authors investigate two potential processes – ego threat and perceived interactional justice – and further address boundary conditions of this effect.

The data for this paper were collected in three studies: one field experiment and two online experiments using adult samples. Hypotheses were tested and data was analyzed using ANOVA and regression-based modeling approaches.

Findings from a field-experimental study and online experiments show that FSEs offer lower service levels to uncivil customers. The authors further find that this effect is mediated by a perceived ego threat and that employees’ regulation of emotion (ROE), as part of their emotional intelligence, attenuates the effect of perceived ego threats on service levels.

This study finds that perceived ego threat (but not perceived interactional justice) explains why employees respond negatively to uncivil customer behavior. Therefore, it offers an emotion-driven explanation of retaliatory behavior in frontline service contexts. Implications for theories focusing on service value co-destruction and customer incivility are discussed.

The findings from this research show that ROE attenuates the impact of perceived ego threat on employee retaliatory behavior. Managerial implications include developing and training employees on emotion regulation. Furthermore, managers should identify alternative ways for restoring an employee’s ego after the employee experiences uncivil customer behavior.

The authors propose and test two processes that can explain why employees reciprocate uncivil customer behavior to gain a deeper understanding of which processes, or a combination of the two, drive employee responses. Furthermore, the authors shed insights into boundary conditions and explore when employees are less likely to react to uncivil customer behavior while experiencing ego threat.

The purpose of this paper is to present a new technique to portfolio selection using a genetic algorithm (GA) and fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE). Portfolio selection is a multi-objective/criteria decision-making problem in financial management.

The proposed approach solves the problem in two stages. In the first stage, by using a GA and FSE, the weight of criteria will be calculated. Euclidean distance between the computed overall performance evaluation and the surveyed overall performance evaluation is used to determine the weight of criteria. In the second stage, by using a GA and FSE, portfolios will be prioritized. A multi-objective GA is used to determine return and risk in the efficient frontier. A decision making approach is based on FSE to select the best portfolio from among the solutions obtained by a multi objective GA.

The main advantage of the proposed approach is to help an investor to find a portfolio which has best performance, and portfolio selection does not rely on expert knowledge.

The value of the paper is in it using a new approach to determine the weight of criteria and portfolio selection. It surveys firms’ performance in the stock market, based on which the weight of criteria will be determined and portfolios will be prioritized.