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1 – 10 of 113
Article
Publication date: 1 August 1998

A.F. Maged and E.A. Saad

Large amounts of uranium, radium and radium products are redistributed throughout the environment owing to the use of phosphate fertilizers. Potential radiological impacts…

Abstract

Large amounts of uranium, radium and radium products are redistributed throughout the environment owing to the use of phosphate fertilizers. Potential radiological impacts resulting from direct exposure, inhalation and ingestion of foods grown with fertilizers are discussed. This paper describes a simple method to measure exhalation rate of 222RN from phosphate fertilizers, clay and potatoes in a laboratory and in a more economical way. Three Egyptian factories of phosphate fertilizers were selected in this study (Assuit, Abu Zaable and Kafr El Ziat).

Details

Environmental Management and Health, vol. 9 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0956-6163

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 August 2011

Francisco Castro, Teresa Parra, César Quispe and Pilar Castro

The paper aims to focus on airflow and heat transfer inside the human nasal cavity. The contribution of this work is the inertial analysis of the momentum and thermal stress of…

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to focus on airflow and heat transfer inside the human nasal cavity. The contribution of this work is the inertial analysis of the momentum and thermal stress of the cavity throughout the respiratory cycle.

Design/methodology/approach

By means of computer tomography scans, an accurate three‐dimensional anatomical representation of the human nasal cavity was obtained. A three‐dimensional numerical model is presented in order to predict the time evolution of flow patterns during a quiet breathing cycle, covering inhalation and exhalation. An inertial analysis of the momentum and a detailed study of the thermal behaviour during the breathing cycle is carried out.

Findings

Head loss, velocity and temperature values are in agreement with experimental results from previous studies. Based on these results, the influence of the inhalation and the exhalation on the flow pattern and air conditioning has been reviewed. Results suggest that the anterior and posterior turbinate regions are where the air conditioning is primarily produced.

Practical implications

The future goal is to investigate respiratory disorders to increase the effectiveness of the eventual treatment of the pathology. The model could be a useful tool to predict, for instance, the modification of the flow patterns due to septal perforations.

Originality/value

The transient resolution provides insight into the momentum and thermal inertia though the breathing which is far from being well understood.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 28 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1988

Roy Bailey

Stress damages us and our performance. It is a real part of most manager's experience and can be said to occur when significant demands exceed perceived management…

1891

Abstract

Stress damages us and our performance. It is a real part of most manager's experience and can be said to occur when significant demands exceed perceived management responsibilities and routines. Stress can be the essence of working life, and certainly need not always be damaging to us. But when it becomes excessive, it is something unwanted.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 9 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 May 2022

Yongjun Jin, Haihang Cui, Li Chen, Kai Sun, Haiguo Yin and Zhe Liu

This study aims to perform flow simulations inside the acinus with fine alveolar pores (Kohn pores) using hexagonal cells and bottom-up geometric modeling, which enabled the…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to perform flow simulations inside the acinus with fine alveolar pores (Kohn pores) using hexagonal cells and bottom-up geometric modeling, which enabled the elimination of invalid voids using previous top-bottom methods and spherical or circular cells.

Design/methodology/approach

Regular hexagonal cells were used to construct alveoli with no gaps via tessellation. Some hexagonal cells were fused to eliminate the inner boundaries to represent the structure of the bronchial tree. For the remaining hexagonal cells, the side lengths of the shared walls were adjusted to construct alveolar pores. Periodic moving boundaries with the same phase were set for all walls to describe synchronous contraction and expansion of the bronchi and alveoli.

Findings

More realistic flow characteristics in the distal lung were obtained. The effects of pore size and the mechanism of auxiliary ventilation of alveolar pores were revealed.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first numerical simulation study on the function of multiple alveolar pores at the level of pulmonary acini, which will be helpful for simulating the dynamic process of cough and sputum excretion in the future.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 33 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2002

Lashawnda Mckinnon and Cynthia L. Istook

Describes research designed to examine the effects of subject positioning on the accuracy of body scan data. A body measurement system developed by the Textile Clothing Technology…

1482

Abstract

Describes research designed to examine the effects of subject positioning on the accuracy of body scan data. A body measurement system developed by the Textile Clothing Technology Corporation was used to acquire two scans from each of 72 subjects. The subjects were instructed to continue to breathe normally and stand with their feet shoulder‐width apart. The two scans were compared and statistical analysis was performed to determine the precision of the results and whether this lack of standardization affected the data. Physical measurements were also obtained from each subject and served as a basis for comparison to the scanned measurements. Since physical measurements are the current accepted “true value”, these measurements determined the level of accuracy of scanned data. Three separate scans of 72 different subjects were taken at various levels of breathing and at various foot positions to determine the effect of the variables. This study certainly indicates that respiration and foot placement has a significant effect on body scan data. It was established that the scan data rendered by the software does have precision, but lacks accuracy when compared against physical measurements. This may be owing to the inaccuracies of the physical measurement process or to differences in measurement location between the anthropometrist and the 3D measurement extraction software. Information detailing the level of accuracy and precision that can be obtained with scanning software and how respiration and subject positioning can affect the data are included.

Details

Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1361-2026

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Leading with Presence: Fundamental Tools and Insights for Impactful, Engaging Leadership
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-599-3

Article
Publication date: 28 April 2022

Yongjun Jin, Haihang Cui, Li Chen, Zhe Liu and Kai Sun

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanism of efficient sputum excretion from the distal lung by using a tessellationally distal lung model with alveolar pores.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanism of efficient sputum excretion from the distal lung by using a tessellationally distal lung model with alveolar pores.

Design/methodology/approach

First, a two-dimensional tessellational composite structure of the bronchus, alveoli and alveolar pores (Kohn pore) is constructed with the tessellational splitting and fusion of regular hexagonal elements. Then, the level set method is used to study the effects of alveolar pores and their sizes, expiratory cycles and respiratory intensity.

Findings

The existence of alveolar pores is the prerequisite for sputum excretion, and there is an optimal size of alveolar pores for sputum excretion. Strong asymmetric respiration can break the reversibility of the flow at a low Reynolds number and causes significant net displacement of sputum. The expiratory cycle is negatively correlated with the net displacement of sputum. The respiratory intensity is positively correlated with the net displacement of sputum.

Originality/value

This research is helpful for understanding the complex sputum excretion process in diseases, such as pneumonia, and developing corresponding adjuvant therapy.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 32 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 22 March 2019

Pasquale Caponnetto, Roberta Auditore, Marilena Maglia, Stefano Pipitone and Lucio Inguscio

Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by positive symptoms, negative symptoms and neurocognitive deficits. The aim of this study was to estimate…

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by positive symptoms, negative symptoms and neurocognitive deficits. The aim of this study was to estimate relationships between wellness, yoga and quality of life in patients affected by schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Participants were 30 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in care at the Rehabilitative Psychiatry and Research Villa Chiara Clinic in Mascalucia (Catania, Italy), after that randomly assigned to two groups. The first group followed the experimental treatment with sets of yoga exercises conducted by a yoga trainer and a psychiatrist or a clinical psychologist expert in yoga, while a second control group was treated with usual care. The results revealed a significant difference, before and after treatment, between the experimental group and the control group in quality of life.

Details

Mental Illness, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2036-7465

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Developing Leaders for Positive Organizing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-241-1

Article
Publication date: 16 March 2021

Zhiheng Zhao, Ray Y. Zhong, Yong-Hong Kuo, Yelin Fu and G.Q. Huang

Physical gatherings at social events have been found as one of the main causes of COVID-19 transmission all over the world. Smartphone has been used for contact tracing by…

Abstract

Purpose

Physical gatherings at social events have been found as one of the main causes of COVID-19 transmission all over the world. Smartphone has been used for contact tracing by exchanging messages through Bluetooth signals. However, recent confirmed cases found in venues indicated that indirect transmission of the causative virus occurred, resulting from virus contamination of common objects, virus aerosolization in a confined space or spread from inadequate ventilation environment with no indication of human direct or close contact observed.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a novel cyber-physical architecture for spatial temporal analytics (iGather for short). Locations with time windows are modeled as digital chromosomes in cyberspace to represent human activity instances in the physical world.

Findings

Results show that the high spatial temporal correlated but indirect tracing can be realized through the deployment of physical hardware and spatial temporal analytics including mobility and traceability analytics. iGather is tested and verified in different spatial temporal correlated cases. From a management perspective of mobilizing social capacity, the venue plays not only a promotion role in boosting the utilization rates but also a supervision-assisted role for keeping the venue in a safe and healthy situation.

Social implications

This research is of particular significance when physical distancing measures are being relaxed with situations gradually become contained. iGather is able to help the general public to ease open questions: Is a venue safe enough? Is there anyone at a gathering at risk? What should one do when someone gets infected without raising privacy issues?

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing literature by cyber-physical spatial temporal analytics to trace COVID-19 indirect contacts through digital chromosome, a representation of digital twin technology. Also, the authors have proposed a venue-oriented management perspective to resolve privacy-preserving and unitization rate concerns.

Details

Industrial Management & Data Systems, vol. 121 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-5577

Keywords

1 – 10 of 113