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Article
Publication date: 13 May 2019

Recycling cooperation and buying status: Effects of pure and competitive altruism on sustainable behaviors

Diego Costa Pinto, Márcia Maurer Herter, Patrícia Rossi, Walter Meucci Nique and Adilson Borges

This study aims to reconcile previous research that has provided mixed results regarding motivation for sustainable behaviors: pure altruism (cooperation) or competitive…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to reconcile previous research that has provided mixed results regarding motivation for sustainable behaviors: pure altruism (cooperation) or competitive altruism (status). Drawing on evolutionary altruism and identity-based motivation, the authors propose that a match between pure (competitive) altruism and individualistic (collectivistic) identity goals enhance consumers’ motivations to engage in recycling (green buying).

Design/methodology/approach

Three experimental studies show how pure and competitive altruism are associated with specific sustainable consumption (Study 1) and how altruism types should be matched with identity goals to motivate sustainable consumption (Studies 2 and 3).

Findings

Study 1 shows that pure altruism is associated with recycling but not with green buying. Studies 2 and 3 show that pure (competitive) altruism and individualistic (collectivistic) goals lead to higher recycling (green buying) intentions.

Research limitations/implications

The present research extends previous findings by showing that pure and competitive are indeed associated with specific sustainable behaviors. The authors suggest that the interaction between motives and identity goals can lead to a greater impact on recycling and green buying intentions.

Practical implications

Public policymakers and companies will benefit by better understanding how specific combinations of altruism types and identity goals can foster recycling or green buying intentions.

Originality/value

This research is the first to show how matches between pure and competitive altruism types and individualistic and collectivistic identity goals affect consumers’ motivations to engage in recycling and green buying.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. 53 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-09-2017-0557
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

  • Recycling
  • Sustainable behaviors
  • Altruism type
  • Evolutionary altruism
  • Green buying

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Book part
Publication date: 25 September 2013

Toward an Evolutionary Synthesis of Individualist and Communist Anarchism: The Evolutionary Bases of Cooperation

Steven A. Peterson

Purpose – This chapter uses evolutionary theory to determine if certain aspects of political thinkers’ societal visions might comport with human nature.…

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Abstract

Purpose – This chapter uses evolutionary theory to determine if certain aspects of political thinkers’ societal visions might comport with human nature.

Design/methodology/approach – This chapter summarizes the political views of two thinkers and then applies our evolutionary understanding of altruism/cooperation to determine if their views can in any way be considered consistent with human nature.

Findings – The chapter explores the underlying commonality between individualist anarchism and anarcho-communism. There is a subtle but credible relationship between these two libertarian perspectives through the evolution of cooperation in its several manifestations. It can be said that the key tenets of Max Stirner and Peter Kropotkin are underlain by evolutionary impulses, thus rendering their claims of cooperation and sociality plausible.

Details

The world of biology and politics: Organization and research areas
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2042-9940(2013)0000011012
ISBN: 978-1-78190-728-3

Keywords

  • Anarchism
  • Max Stirner
  • Peter Kropotkin
  • evolutionary theory
  • human nature
  • altruism

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Book part
Publication date: 19 October 2012

Sacrifice, Gratitude, and Obligation: Serial Reciprocity in Early Christianity

Richard Machalek and Michael W. Martin

Purpose – Uses Kenneth Boulding's concept of “serial reciprocity” in conjunction with information about the evolution of emotions and social exchange processes to identify…

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Abstract

Purpose – Uses Kenneth Boulding's concept of “serial reciprocity” in conjunction with information about the evolution of emotions and social exchange processes to identify possible mechanisms that can help explain the rise of early Christianity.

Design/methodology/approach – Using the concept of serial reciprocity as a central organizing principle, a theoretical account is developed that integrates ideas from evolutionary sociology, the sociology of emotions, and exchange theory in order to extend Rodney Stark's analysis of social forces responsible for the success of early Christianity as a social movement.

Findings – Patterns of serial reciprocity may develop when evolved emotions such as gratitude, sympathy, and empathy are activated by recipients of altruism who, in turn, become motivated to repay their benefactor by transmitting a benefit to a third-party recipient. Historical evidence reviewed by Stark is consistent with the claim that serial reciprocity may have conferred benefits to victims suffering from plagues that swept the Roman Empire during the early history of Christianity. Similar processes may be operating today in regions of the world in which aid workers provide assistance to victims of natural and man-made disasters.

Originality/value – This analysis demonstrates the value of integrating conventional sociological analysis and evolutionary theory to gain new explanatory insights about social processes such as serial reciprocity that have received relatively little prior attention by sociological researchers.

Details

Biosociology and Neurosociology
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0882-6145(2012)0000029005
ISBN: 978-1-78190-257-8

Keywords

  • Serial reciprocity;
  • evolutionary sociology;
  • early Christianity

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Book part
Publication date: 8 June 2012

Towards a Theoretical Framework for Examining Societal-Level Institutional Change

Antony J. Drew and Anton P. Kriz

Institutional economics at the societal level focuses on the examination of interpersonal and impersonal economic, political and social institutions within a given polity…

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Abstract

Institutional economics at the societal level focuses on the examination of interpersonal and impersonal economic, political and social institutions within a given polity and how such institutions might change and evolve over time. Such examination is critical to both international business scholars and practitioners if they are to successfully navigate variations in the rules of the game in international trade and commerce. Whilst institutional economics offers an immense body of literature on institutions, it offers surprisingly few theoretical or conceptual tools for empirical analysis. This chapter discusses five extant frameworks and proposes an ontological theoretical framework developed from interdisciplinary sources to underpin extant frameworks and thereby guide international business researchers in designing more effective research instruments for examining institutional change across and between cultures.

Details

Institutional Theory in International Business and Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1571-5027(2012)0000025011
ISBN: 978-1-78052-909-7

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Book part
Publication date: 5 January 2005

LEVELS OF SELECTION AND METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM

Adam Gifford

Whitman argues that group selection is consistent with methodological individualism. He begins by defining a weak form of methodological individualism in which agents are…

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Abstract

Whitman argues that group selection is consistent with methodological individualism. He begins by defining a weak form of methodological individualism in which agents are not necessarily self-interested or rational and shows that this form is consistent with Sober and Wilson’s model of group selection. However, Sober and Wilson’s group selection is also consistent with a methodological individualism in which the individuals are rational and self-interested, and consistent with individual selection as well. A version of group selection similar to what Hayek may have had in mind when he talked about groups out-competing other groups is presented, however, this is not a version of group selection that is compatible with methodological individualism.

Details

Evolutionary Psychology and Economic Theory
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1529-2134(04)07014-0
ISBN: 978-0-76231-138-5

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Article
Publication date: 13 November 2017

Decision and intuition during organizational change: An evolutionary critique of dual process theory

Usman Talat, Kirk Chang and Bang Nguyen

The purpose of this paper is to review intuition in the context of organizational change. The authors argue that intuition as a concept requires attention and its…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review intuition in the context of organizational change. The authors argue that intuition as a concept requires attention and its formulation is necessary prior to its application in organizations. The paper provides a critique of dual process theory and highlights shortcomings in organization theorizing of intuition.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is conceptual and provides in-depth theoretical discussions by drawing from the literature on decision and intuition in the context of organizational change.

Findings

Investigating whether dual process theory is sufficiently clear, the authors found ambiguity. Specifically, the current definition provided by Dane and Pratt is not clear in terms of its four sections: the consciousness of non-conscious processing, involving holistic associations, that are produced rapidly, which result in affectively charged judgments. Finally, the authors note that the evolutionary perspective is missing and they provide foundational concepts for such a perspective, including the discussion of information templates, memes and genes, as argued by research, condition intuition.

Originality/value

The paper finds that an evolutionary perspective develops a picture of intuition as an adaptive resource. This evolutionary perspective is currently absent in research and the authors provide foundational concepts for such a perspective. They propose specific arguments to highlight the evolutionary perspective.

Details

The Bottom Line, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-08-2017-0016
ISSN: 0888-045X

Keywords

  • Change
  • Review
  • Intuition
  • Evolution
  • Contemporary organization research
  • Dual process theory

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Book part
Publication date: 30 March 2017

Socio-Psychological Motives of Socially Responsible Investors

Julia M. Puaschunder

The 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis underlined the importance of social responsibility for the sustainable functioning of economic markets. Heralding an age of novel…

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Abstract

The 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis underlined the importance of social responsibility for the sustainable functioning of economic markets. Heralding an age of novel heterodox economic thinking, the call for integrating social facets into mainstream economic models has reached unprecedented momentum. Financial Social Responsibility bridges the finance world with society in socially conscientious investments. Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) integrates corporate social responsibility in investment choices. In the aftermath of the 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis, SRI is an idea whose time has come. Socially conscientious asset allocation styles add to expected yield and volatility of securities social, environmental, and institutional considerations. In screenings, shareholder advocacy, community investing, social venture capital funding and political divestiture, socially conscientious investors hone their interest to align financial profit maximization strategies with social concerns. In a long history of classic finance theory having blacked out moral and ethical considerations of investment decision making, our knowledge of socio-economic motives for SRI is limited. Apart from economic profitability calculus and strategic leadership advantages, this paper sheds light on socio-psychological motives underlying SRI. Altruism, need for innovation and entrepreneurial zest alongside utility derived from social status enhancement prospects and transparency may steer investors’ social conscientiousness. Self-enhancement and social expression of future-oriented SRI options may supplement profit maximization goals. Theoretically introducing potential SRI motives serves as a first step toward an empirical validation of Financial Social Responsibility to improve the interplay of financial markets and the real economy. The pursuit of crisis-robust and sustainable financial markets through strengthened Financial Social Responsibility targets at creating lasting societal value for this generation and the following.

Details

Global Corporate Governance
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1569-373220160000019008
ISBN: 978-1-78635-165-4

Keywords

  • Behavioral economics
  • corporate social responsibility
  • financial social responsibility
  • socio-economics
  • socially responsible investment
  • socio-psychological motives

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1997

THE EFFECTS OF CONNECTEDNESS AND SELF INTEREST IN THE ORGANIZATIONAL VOLUNTEER DILEMMA

Jae Wook Kim and J. Keith Murnighan

This paper investigates the impact of some of the underlying dynamics of volunteering choices in organizational contexts, focusing on individual, group, and organizational…

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This paper investigates the impact of some of the underlying dynamics of volunteering choices in organizational contexts, focusing on individual, group, and organizational level causes. Three scenario‐based experiments manipulate individuals' standing within their organization (i.e., whether they are doing well or poorly) in combination with variables such as the expected efficacy of one's team and positive or negative organizational performance. In comparison to other recent volunteering studies, all three current experiments focused on an explicit organizational context and found much stronger intentions to volunteer, particularly when a person's standing was good. The combination of poor standing with expectations of poor performance by one's group or one's organization led to reductions in these otherwise strong intentions to volunteer. The results also show that feelings of obligation, expectations of extrinsic rewards, and identifying with one's organization are all significantly related to volunteering choices.

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 8 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022789
ISSN: 1044-4068

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Article
Publication date: 9 May 2016

Propensity for reciprocity among frontline employees

David A. Gilliam and Steven W. Rayburn

This paper aims to examine how other-regarding personality traits relate to reciprocity among frontline employees (FLEs).

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how other-regarding personality traits relate to reciprocity among frontline employees (FLEs).

Design/methodology/approach

Other-regarding personality variables were used to model the propensity for reciprocity and actual reciprocal behaviors with coworkers. Surveys of 276 FLEs were examined via structural equations modeling.

Findings

Other-regarding personality traits proved to be antecedents of reciprocity. Cynicism was particularly interesting in that it was positively related to reciprocity contrary to findings in other research.

Research limitations/implications

Among the interesting findings relating personality to reciprocity are a more affective type of reciprocity based on empathy and altruism, and a more calculative type based on cynicism related to Machiavellianism.

Practical implications

Managers can use the effects of personality traits on reciprocity and cooperation to hire and place FLEs in ways that provide superior service and increased profits.

Social implications

This paper indicates that certain individuals who might not typically be thought of as cooperative can in fact reciprocate. Specific ideas about cynicism and Machiavellian reciprocity in FLEs are discussed.

Originality/value

The findings will aid researchers and managers in understanding personality and FLEs cooperation. The findings on cynicism are particularly valuable in that they contradict some earlier research and commonly held managerial ideas.

Details

Journal of Services Marketing, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-05-2015-0194
ISSN: 0887-6045

Keywords

  • Cooperation
  • Personality
  • Machiavellianism
  • Reciprocity
  • FLE

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 2009

Development and test of new dimensions of altruistic buying behavior

Raymond A. Hopkins and Thomas L. Powers

The purpose of this paper is show how altruism provides a basis for understanding motivations that consumers may possess, especially as it relates to their response to…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is show how altruism provides a basis for understanding motivations that consumers may possess, especially as it relates to their response to buy‐national marketing campaigns. The paper aims to report research that examines traditional measures of altruism to determine whether there are differing or additional dimensions of altruism.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is based on a survey of 212 consumers and their responses to previously validated altruism scales. These scales were factor‐analyzed to identify new dimensions of altruism.

Findings

Eight dimensions of altruism are empirically identified and are demonstrated to be different by demographic groupings and their responses to altruism‐based marketing programs.

Originality/value

Patterns of altruistic behavior can enable marketers to estimate the relative size and behavioral patterns of altruism‐based market segments.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 26 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910954127
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

  • Altruism
  • Ethnocentrism
  • Individual development
  • Demographics
  • Market segmentation

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