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11 – 20 of over 167000Ludmylla da Silva Moreira, D'avila Maria Gomes Mendes, Tharcisio Cotta Fontainha and Adriana Leiras
The research areas of humanitarian supply chain (HSC) and disaster and humanitarian operations (DHO) have evolved through the use of managerial models. Recent studies, however…
Abstract
Purpose
The research areas of humanitarian supply chain (HSC) and disaster and humanitarian operations (DHO) have evolved through the use of managerial models. Recent studies, however, point to the need for the empirical validation of such managerial models in real-life scenarios. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the validation of recent managerial models based on empirical data of two disasters in Haiti: the earthquake in 2010 and Hurricane Matthew in 2016.
Design/methodology/approach
This research developed two case studies from the perspective of the Brazilian Navy (BN), a part of the Brazilian Armed Forces that led the United Nations Mission for Stabilization in Haiti (MINUSTAH) in both disasters. The case studies focused on empirically validating managerial models for stakeholder identification, stakeholder satisfaction, response processes, strategies for collaboration and the integration of these models.
Findings
The results revealed that compared to the response to the earthquake in 2010, the response to Hurricane Matthew in 2016 was superior. The collaborative strategies of the BN and other stakeholders used after the earthquake were more reactive, while the strategies after Hurricane Matthew aimed more at planning and anticipating adverse situations.
Originality/value
This research reinforces the investigated managerial models and indicates their suitability as planning tools for practitioners of HSC and DHO, which is essential for the further development of academic contributions related to integrating the models into more robust solutions.
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Lysa Porth, Ken Seng Tan and Chengguo Weng
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the optimal reinsurance contract structure from the crop insurer's perspective.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the optimal reinsurance contract structure from the crop insurer's perspective.
Design/methodology/approach
A very powerful and flexible empirical‐based reinsurance model is used to analyze the optimal form of the reinsurance treaty. The reinsurance model is calibrated to unique data sets, including private reinsurance experience for Manitoba, and loss cost ratio (LCR) experience for all of Canada, under the assumption of the standard deviation premium principle and conditional tail expectation risk measure.
Findings
The Vasicek distribution is found to provide the best statistical fit for the Canadian LCR data, and the empirical reinsurance model stipulates that a layer reinsurance contract structure is optimal, which is consistent with market practice.
Research limitations/implications
While the empirical reinsurance model is able to reproduce the optimal shape of the reinsurance treaty, the model produces some inconsistencies between the implied and observed attachment points. Future research will continue to explore the reinsurance model that will best recover the observed market practice.
Practical implications
Private reinsurance premiums can account for a significant portion of a crop insurer's budget, therefore, this study should be useful for crop insurance companies to achieve efficiencies and improve their risk management.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to show how a crop insurance firm can optimally select a reinsurance contract structure that minimizes its total risk exposure, considering the total losses retained by the insurer, as well as the reinsurance premium paid to private reinsurers.
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Outlines the key features of the Ohlson (1995) and Feltham and Ohlson (1995, 1996) models, which relate share values to current accounting numbers, and reviews research on their…
Abstract
Outlines the key features of the Ohlson (1995) and Feltham and Ohlson (1995, 1996) models, which relate share values to current accounting numbers, and reviews research on their empirical application. Identifies some inconsistencies in results and directions for future research.
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This article deals with how to test for and evaluate interdependence among control practices in a management control system using structural equation modeling. Empirical research…
Abstract
This article deals with how to test for and evaluate interdependence among control practices in a management control system using structural equation modeling. Empirical research on the levers of control (LOC) framework is used as an example. In LOC research, a path model approach to interdependence has been developed. The appropriateness of this approach is evaluated, developed, and compared with the correlation of residuals approach (seemingly unrelated regression) implemented in the wider complementarity literature. Empirical examples of the different models are shown and compared by using a data set on LOC of 120 SBUs in Sweden. The empirical results show that modeling interdependence among control practices in a management control system as non-recursive (bi-directional) paths or as residual correlations evidently affects the conclusions drawn about interdependence in terms of both presence and magnitude. The two models imply different views on how to conceptualize interdependence and are not statistically and empirically comparable. If using non-recursive path models, several model specification issues appear. To be able to identify such models, this needs to be carefully considered in the theory and research design prior to data collection.
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Saraswata Chaudhuri, Eric Renault and Oscar Wahlstrom
The authors discuss the econometric underpinnings of Barro (2006)'s defense of the rare disaster model as a way to bring back an asset pricing model “into the right ballpark for…
Abstract
The authors discuss the econometric underpinnings of Barro (2006)'s defense of the rare disaster model as a way to bring back an asset pricing model “into the right ballpark for explaining the equity-premium and related asset-market puzzles.” Arbitrarily low-probability economic disasters can restore the validity of model-implied moment conditions only if the amplitude of disasters may be arbitrary large in due proportion. The authors prove an impossibility theorem that in case of potentially unbounded disasters, there is no such thing as a population empirical likelihood (EL)-based model-implied probability distribution. That is, one cannot identify some belief distortions for which the EL-based implied probabilities in sample, as computed by Julliard and Ghosh (2012), could be a consistent estimator. This may lead to consider alternative statistical discrepancy measures to avoid the problem with EL. Indeed, the authors prove that, under sufficient integrability conditions, power divergence Cressie-Read measures with positive power coefficients properly define a unique population model-implied probability measure. However, when this computation is useful because the reference asset pricing model is misspecified, each power divergence will deliver different model-implied beliefs distortion. One way to provide economic underpinnings to the choice of a particular belief distortion is to see it as the endogenous result of investor's choice when optimizing a recursive multiple-priors utility a la Chen and Epstein (2002). Jeong et al. (2015)'s econometric study confirms that this way of accommodating ambiguity aversion may help to address the Equity Premium puzzle.
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Liping Li, Chuan Chen, Igor Martek and Guanghua Li
Given their interrelationship, international market selection (IMS) and entry mode selection (EMS) must be considered jointly if an optimal entry strategy is to be realized…
Abstract
Purpose
Given their interrelationship, international market selection (IMS) and entry mode selection (EMS) must be considered jointly if an optimal entry strategy is to be realized. However, researchers in the field of international construction have the tendency to consider IMS and EMS independently or sequentially. Therefore, this paper aims to explore a holistic framework that can accommodate IMS and EMS concurrently and test it using empirical data.
Design/methodology/approach
his study includes theoretical and empirical research. In theoretical part, an integrated decision model of IMS and EMS is proposed adopting literature review and theoretical derivation, then hypotheses are developed for the impact of decision-making factors. In the latter part, the IMS and EMS of 54 Chinese contractors in 67 countries were investigated, empirical data are collected according to hypotheses, an ordinal logistic regression model is established for statistics analysis. Finally, findings are drawn by comparing literature-based hypotheses with data-based analysis results.
Findings
Results show that empirical data fit theoretical model well. Findings are: IMS and EMS can be integrated into a holistic decision-making framework when be properly sequenced. When IMS and EMS are determined simultaneously, the decision can benefit from a sharing of common information. And the roles of at least 13 common factors are empirically demonstrated in this study.
Research limitations/implications
The integrated decision sequence proposed in this study is applicable for a specific market, and cannot compare multiple alternative markets directly. The decision-making factors identified in this paper do not cover the enterprise strategic objectives and some other factors. Empirical data and some theoretical assumptions are based on the international market entry strategy of Chinese contractors. Therefore, the conclusions may not be completely applicable to global contractors though have certain reference value.
Originality/value
Based on the idea of holistic decision-making of IMS and EMS, this study proposes an international market entry strategy (IMES) sequence and an explicit model for determinants, then tests them with empirical data. This paper provides a new idea to manage IMS and EMS concurrently, which can improve the efficiency of IMES decision-making and avoid missing optimal alternatives. This study paves the way for a practical model and provides reference for contractors' international market entry strategy.
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Shavin Malhotra and K. Sivakumar
The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a theoretical model of managerial decisions involving international market entry.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a theoretical model of managerial decisions involving international market entry.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose a mathematical model that seeks the optimal level of cultural distance between the host and the home country and the market potential of the host country that maximizes a firm's investment in an international market. The authors illustrate the intuition and the managerial application of the model using a large data set of cross‐border acquisitions, then the results of this data set are used to validate the model in a specific data context.
Findings
The authors find that cultural distance and market potential have curvilinear and interaction effects on the level of equity participation. The empirical results are further used to conduct sensitivity analysis of decisions for changes in parameters.
Research limitations/implications
The authors’ general approach can be used to analyze any two variables that have interaction effect on a variable of interest related to market entry strategies.
Practical implications
The authors illustrate the intuition and the managerial application of the model using a large data set of cross‐border acquisitions. Managers can use this approach in choosing CBA targets.
Originality/value
The study provides a mathematical framework and an empirical illustration of optimizing the cultural distance and market potential for maximizing equity participation in foreign market acquisitions. This is a new unique contribution to the literature.
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Abdulhakim Adeoye Shittu, Fuat Kara, Ahmed Aliyu and Obinna Unaeze
The purpose of this paper is to mainly review the state-of-the-art developments in the field of hydrodynamics of offshore pipelines, identifying the key tools for analysis of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to mainly review the state-of-the-art developments in the field of hydrodynamics of offshore pipelines, identifying the key tools for analysis of pipeline free spans, their applications, their qualifying characteristics and capabilities and limitations.
Design/methodology/approach
These different analytical, numerical and semi-empirical tools available for predicting such hydrodynamic loads and their effects include VIVANA, PIPESIN, VIVSIM, SIMULATOR, FATFREE, amongst others. Inherent in these models are current effects, wave effects and/ or pipe–soil interactions.
Findings
Amongst these models, the most attention was given to the new VIVANA model because this model take into account the vortex-induced effects with respect to free-spanning pipelines (which have dominant effect in the span analysis in deep water) better than other semi-empirical models (such as Shear 7). Recent improvements in VIVANA include its ability to have arbitrary variation in speed and direction of current, as well as the ability for calculation of pure IL and combined IL-CF response. Improvements in fatigue assessments at free spans, i.e. pipe–soil interaction have been achieved through the combined frequency domain and non-linear time domain analysis methodology adopted. Semi-empirical models are still the de facto currently used in the design of free-spanning pipelines. However, there is need for further research on free-span hydrodynamic coefficients and on how in-line and cross-flow vibrations interact. Again, there is still the challenge due to VIV complexity in fully understanding the fluid structure interaction problem, as there is no consolidated procedure for its analysis. It has been observed that there is large scatter between the different codes adopted in the prediction of fatigue damage, as there lacks full-scale test data devoted to determination/validation of the coefficients used in the semi-empirical models. A case study of the preliminary design of a typical 48 in. pipeline has been presented in this study to demonstrate the use of the free-span analysis tool, DNV RP F105. Excel spreadsheet has been applied in the execution of formulas.
Originality/value
This review paper is the first of its kind to study the state-of-the-art development in pipeline free-span analysis models and demonstrate the use of analysis tool, DNV for MAFSL calculation. Hence, information obtained from this paper would be invaluable in assisting designers both in the industry and academia.
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Joan Carlos Alves Pereira, Wilton Pereira da Silva, Renato Costa da Silva, Cleide Maria Diniz P.S. e Silva and Josivanda Palmeira Gomes
To describe water absorption by the rice grains over time, diffusion and empirical models were used. Also, an optimization software was developed in this study to determine…
Abstract
Purpose
To describe water absorption by the rice grains over time, diffusion and empirical models were used. Also, an optimization software was developed in this study to determine parameters and their uncertainties for the diffusion models (LS Optimizer, for partial differential equations). Parameters (and their uncertainties) for empirical models were determined by LAB Fit Curve Fitting Software.
Design/methodology/approach
Heat and mass diffusion phenomena are found in various processes of technological interest, including pasteurization, drying and water immersion of agricultural products, among others. The objective of this work was to study the process of water absorption by rice grains with and without husk, using diffusion and empirical models to describe the absorption kinetics. Rice grains were immersed (approximately 10 g for each experiment) in drinking water maintained at constant temperatures of 28, 40 and 50 C. In the experiments, the water contents absorbed by rice grains over time were obtained by the gravimetric method.
Findings
Among empirical models, Peleg was the most satisfactory to describe the kinetics of water absorption by rice without husk, while the Silva et alii model had the best statistical indicators for rice with husk. It was also verified that a diffusion model with boundary condition of the first kind showed the best (or equivalent) results in the description of all processes of kinetics of water absorption by rice grains, with and without husk. For grains without husk, the effective mass diffusivities were (1.186 ± 0.045) × 10−9, (1.312 ± 0.024) × 10−9 and (2.133 ± 0.028) × 10−9 m2 min−1, for the immersion temperatures of 28, 40 and 50C, respectively. For grains with husk, diffusivities were (0.675 ± 0.011) × 10−9 and (1.269 ± 0.017) × 10−9 m2 min−1, for temperatures of 28 and 50 C, respectively.
Originality/value
This work developed a solver for the diffusion equation in cylindrical geometry and presented the LS Optimizer software developed to determine differential equation parameters through experimental data sets.
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This paper reviews the evolution, current state and ongoing trends of the empirical literature on employee-owned firms (EOFs).
Abstract
Purpose
This paper reviews the evolution, current state and ongoing trends of the empirical literature on employee-owned firms (EOFs).
Design/methodology/approach
Using a structured literature review methodology, I analyze 280 empirical publications on EOFs published in English peer-reviewed academic journals over the 1970–2019 period.
Findings
Two generations (before and after 2001) of the EOF empirical literature are identified and characterized in terms of authors, journals, topics, methods, targets, relations to theoretical modeling and countries studied. Two research trends are structuring the current generation: one investigating diverse research questions engaging EOFs as emblematic forms of social economy, and the other comparing EOFs to conventional firms to offer insights mainly into the seminal question of the EOF relative rarity.
Research limitations/implications
The sample studied does not take into account articles written in languages other than English and does not include books.
Originality/value
This article displays the first structured literature review of the EOF empirical literature.
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