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The purpose of this paper is to view the actual problems of the Russian system of higher education: lack of connection between labor market and market of educational services, decline in the quality of higher education in the country, reduction of intellectual potential of the youth, commercialization of higher education, etc.

The author offers approaches to complex evaluation of university education from the positions of social and economic effectiveness on the basis of the matrix of criteria; modern tendencies and perspectives of the development of educational environment are determined, as well as factors facilitating the achievement of the maximum effectiveness of educational activities in Russian universities.

The author offers her own vision of the main determinants of the growth of the effectiveness of university education within the framework of Russia’s integration into the global educational space.

The paper views the actual problems of the Russian system of higher education: lack of connection between labor market and market of educational services, decline in the quality of higher education in the country, reduction of intellectual potential of the youth, commercialization of higher education, etc.

The article considers the causes of such a fundamental problem like poverty.

The authors analyzed the interdependence of poverty and the development of the digital economy, and also examined possible ways to develop measures to reduce the spread of poverty.

An algorithm is proposed for diagnosing the level of poverty development, and a mechanism has been developed to reduce it due to the development of self-employment of the population.

The main scientific task to be solved by the study is to improve the quality of life of the population of the regions of Russia by reducing poverty and increasing employment in the form of self-employment.