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Article
Publication date: 18 June 2019

Sevinç Sevim Kahya, Yasemin Sönmez, Güngör Gündüz and Bora Mavis

The purpose of this paper is to enhance the limited fluorescence of mica titania (MT) effect pigments by coating them with peripherally substituted zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc).

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to enhance the limited fluorescence of mica titania (MT) effect pigments by coating them with peripherally substituted zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc).

Design/methodology/approach

The effects of deposition medium, temperature, time, initial organic pigment/MT ratio on deposition behaviour and efficiencies were investigated separately for ZnPc, nitro (TNZnPc) and amino (TAZnPc) substituted ZnPc’s.

Findings

TNZnPc could be deposited in the form of well-defined crystals on MT with per cent 64 ± 5 efficiency in chloroform at 50°C within 5 h and the amount deposited was linearly dependent on the initial TNZnPc concentration. TNZnPc fluorescence emissions, which appear mainly at 460 and 685 nm in pure pigments, could be observed in combination with MT (MT-TNZnPc) as well. A spectral analysis on the non-overlapping region of the spectrum with two different excitations (385 and 630 nm) revealed that, respectively, up to threefold to sixfold increase is possible to attain, depending on the excitation wavelengths.

Research limitations/implications

Efficiency of deposition could not be taken above per cent 11 ± 4 with TAZnPc. Although ZnPc could be deposited with per cent 57 ± 3 efficiency, the pigment was not effective in imposing its fluorescence characteristics over MT.

Originality/value

Combining inorganic effect pigments with organic dye molecules is an idea that has been elaborated mainly for producing different colour effects and stabilization of dye molecules against agglomeration. Here, for the first time, it is used to enhance the fluorescence of the effect pigments.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 48 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 November 1973

Peter Kresse

On the basis of earlier studies, an investigation is made into the function of inert and active pigments in anti‐rust paints. Satisfactory explanation of the pigment effect is…

Abstract

On the basis of earlier studies, an investigation is made into the function of inert and active pigments in anti‐rust paints. Satisfactory explanation of the pigment effect is shown to be impossible without due consideration of the surrounding medium and, if necessary, the substrate. The significance of metal soaps is their increase in the mechanical and chemical resistance of the dried film of binder. This, in turn, results in a reduction of water diffusion through the film in the case of a high PVC and, hence, in an increase in the anti‐corrosive effect.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 2 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Article
Publication date: 1 February 2021

Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi, Bita Archangi, Hosein Zolgharnein and Isaac Zamani

The purpose of this paper was to identify Serratia marcescens to extract and purify prodigiosin pigment to evaluate the antibacterial potential of the pigment.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to identify Serratia marcescens to extract and purify prodigiosin pigment to evaluate the antibacterial potential of the pigment.

Design/methodology/approach

Samples were collected from shrimp aquaculture ponds. Species identification was conducted using morphological, biochemical and molecular tests. Pigment extraction and purification were carried out using column chromatography. The antibacterial effect of crude and purified prodigiosin pigment was evaluated on Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus as biofouling bacteria. In addition, the interaction between prodigiosin and proteins involved in biofilm formation was evaluated using molecular docking.

Findings

The results of prodigiosin extraction with solvents showed the highest percentage of pigment presence with methanol solvent in the second day of culture. The chemical structure of pure prodigiosin obtained from the column chromatography was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Both crude and purified pigments exhibited antibacterial effects against selected bacterial strains. The antibacterial effect of the purified pigment was higher, and the highest antibacterial effect was observed on B. subtilis. Prodigiosin docking was carried out with all target proteins, and the docked energy in all of them was at an acceptable level.

Originality/value

Prodigiosin extracted from S. marcescens can be used as a bioactive compound to design and manufacture of anti-biofouling and anti-biofilm formation products to use extensively for industrial applications as a natural color in marine industries, food industry, cosmetics and textile productions.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 51 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 14 September 2010

A. Kalendová, D. Veselý and P. Kalenda

The paper aims to investigate the drying effect exhibited by pigments combined with a Co(II) salt of 2‐ethylhexanoic acid (Co(II)) in an alkyd resin modified by soya bean oil.

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to investigate the drying effect exhibited by pigments combined with a Co(II) salt of 2‐ethylhexanoic acid (Co(II)) in an alkyd resin modified by soya bean oil.

Design/methodology/approach

Paint hardening was studied by means of a method that follows the progress of alkyd film drying. Another important method was employed to monitor the gradually increasing hardness of the drying films. Hardness of thin films was measured by the Persos method. ZnO, ZnO nanoparticles, V2O5, ZnS and TiO2 were used to study the effect of solid inorganic pigments on alkyd film drying. The pigment particles were characterised by scanning electron microscopy. The investigated pigments were combined with a constant amount of the Co(II) drier that acts in the system as a homogeneous catalyst, while the investigated pigments played the role of heterogeneous catalysts.

Findings

Using certain pigments as catalysts in drying, alkyd resins brings about new findings concerning the function of fillers and pigments in paint films. ZnO nanoparticles substantially accelerate film drying and moreover, the resulting films exhibit substantially higher hardness than films containing other inorganic pigments. To prepare films exhibiting higher hardness within a shorter time, one may also use ZnO microparticles or ZnS. TiO2 and V2O5 were identified as pigments that either do not take part in the drying process or reduce the hardness of the resulting film.

Practical implications

The investigated catalytic system pigment/Co(II) drier can be advantageously used to accelerate the formation of alkyd paints modified by natural oils both for industrial and decorative purposes. It was established that hardness of paint films containing ZnO nanoparticles is twice as high as that of films containing only the Co(II) drier without any pigment. This finding makes new applications of alkyd paints possible in all instances where higher hardness is required.

Originality/value

Considering pigments as heterogeneous catalysts in systems producing films by the oxypolymerising mechanism is a new approach that gives rise to new and original solutions.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 39 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

P. Kalenda, A. Kalendová and D. Veselý

To identify the dependence of the anticorrosion efficiency of chemically varying pigments on their concentration in steel protecting paints.

Abstract

Purpose

To identify the dependence of the anticorrosion efficiency of chemically varying pigments on their concentration in steel protecting paints.

Design/methodology/approach

Anticorrosion pigments from a group of nontoxic substances were chosen and compared with a chromate pigment. With all pigments, the following parameters were observed namely, oil absorption, critical pigment volume concentration value, density, extract pH, specific surface, particle size, water‐borne substances content, and the specific electrical conductivity of pigment extracts. The aqueous extracts of pigments were used to determine the corrosion loss of steel. The morphology of pigment particles was observed by means of an electron‐scanning microscope. Paints containing these pigments were formulated on the binder basis of an epoxy resin. The paints prepared were subjected to measurement of physical‐mechanical properties such as hardness and resistance in deep drawing. Paints containing anticorrosion pigments were subjected to corrosion tests in a SO2 condenser chamber, salt spray cabinet and to a test according to Machu and Schiffman.

Findings

The experimental investigations revealed the absolute values of the anticorrosion effects of individual pigments as well as dependence of efficiency on the concentration of the pigments in the paints. It was found that environment‐friendly pigments achieved comparable or even better anticorrosion efficiency than toxic strontium chromate.

Research limitations/implications

The anticorrosion properties of the paints concerned can be tested in paints by means of atmospheric exposure such as the Florida test.

Practical implications

The results find their application in the formulation of anticorrosion paints for industrial applications with environment‐friendly effects.

Originality/value

This research paper presents the results of the anticorrosion effects of a great number of industrially used pigments. Based on this paper, the formulation of highly effective steel‐protecting paints can be optimised.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 35 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 March 2018

Osama Abdel Hakeim, Asmaa Ahmed Arafa, Magdy Kandil Zahran and Laila Abdel Wahab Abdou

The purpose of this paper is to prepare ultra-violet (UV)-curable inkjet inks for textile printing application. The influence of both type and component ratio of monomer/oligomer…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to prepare ultra-violet (UV)-curable inkjet inks for textile printing application. The influence of both type and component ratio of monomer/oligomer on the quality of the desired viscosity range is studied. Moreover, the effect of pigment/resin ratio on the rheological behaviour of the ink has been studied.

Design/methodology/approach

Aqueous dispersions of nanoscale organic pigments were prepared through ball milling and ultrasonication. The dispersed pigments were encapsulated into UV-curable resin via miniemulsion technique, using different types and component ratios of monomers and oligomers.

Findings

It was found that the monomer/oligomer ratio of 2:3 and the pigment/resin ratio of 2:1 gave the most stable miniemulsion dispersions and provided the most suitable rheological range for inkjet printing inks.

Research limitations/implications

As the rheology of the ink is optimised, most of the problems associated with the jetting process could be avoided.

Practical implications

This method of using UV-curable encapsulated inks eliminates the usage of binders, which are the principal factor for nozzle clogging of the print head. In addition, binders are responsible for the coarse handle of the printed textiles.

Social implications

The UV-curable inks were viewed as a green technology by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

Originality/value

This method is simple and fast and requires low cost. In addition, it could find numerous applications in surface coating.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 47 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 September 2017

Petr Benda and Andréa Kalendová

The aim of the work is to develop an anticorrosion pigment based on an oxide mixture with lamellar particles. The pigments are prepared from lamellar zinc, zinc oxide and…

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the work is to develop an anticorrosion pigment based on an oxide mixture with lamellar particles. The pigments are prepared from lamellar zinc, zinc oxide and magnetite by calcination. An alkaline earth carbonate is added when embedding a third cation in the lattice of the ferrite that forms the envelope of the lamellar zinc. The properties of the pigments are tested both in the powdered state and when embedded in an epoxy-ester system using different pigment volume concentrations (PVC).

Design/methodology/approach

The properties of paints containing synthesised oxide mixture-based pigments at various volume concentrations and with the Q factor – Q = PVC/CPVC = 0.65 – were examined (where CPVC is critical pigment volume concentration). A series of isometric ferrite pigments were also synthesised for a comparison. Paints of both types with PVC = 10, 15 and 20 per cent were formulated. Steel panels coated with the paints were subjected to corrosion and mechanical tests.

Findings

The oxide mixtures with lamellar particles were subjected to particle size analysis and found to make up a broad distribution curve. Electron microscopy photographs confirmed that the oxide mixture pigments contained lamellar particles with a surface layer. A high anticorrosion effect was achieved owing to the combination of different oxide types.

Research limitations/implications

The properties of the oxide mixtures with lamellar particles are described. Their particle distribution curves can be obtained by particle size analysis methods with a view to obtaining additional information on the status and properties of the pigment particles that may be useful in the development of better paints/coating materials.

Practical implications

Oxide mixtures with lamellar particles can be used in paints protecting construction steel.

Originality/value

The composition of the prepared oxide mixture-based pigments is novel. Each oxide acts by its own anticorrosion mechanism and the final beneficial effect is due to their concerted action.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 46 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 1998

A. Kalendová

The spinels are non‐toxic anticorrosive pigments suitable for both solvent‐type and water‐dilutable coating compositions. Their efficiency in the coatings is comparable to that of…

162

Abstract

The spinels are non‐toxic anticorrosive pigments suitable for both solvent‐type and water‐dilutable coating compositions. Their efficiency in the coatings is comparable to that of the phosphate‐based pigments. The high‐temperature synthesis procedure running in the solid state allows the preparation of spinels containing Ca, Zn, Mg, and Fe cations.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 September 2019

Sawinder Kaur, Vivek Mumbarkar, Paramjit S. Panesar, Sushma Gurumayum and Prasad Rasane

The purpose of this study is to isolate yellow pigment producing fungal strain and to determine the media requirement for growth and secondary metabolite production.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to isolate yellow pigment producing fungal strain and to determine the media requirement for growth and secondary metabolite production.

Design/methodology/approach

Fifteen soil samples were collected and studied for a pigment producing fungal sources. Selection of a fungus was based on pigment produced and further conditions, such as effect of media composition and light wavelength on pigment production and growth parameters were optimised.

Findings

Out of the isolates analysed, Epicoccum nigrum was selected for further study as this strain has the potential for pigment production. Among all the media evaluated, potato dextrose agar (PDA) was found to be the best media for growth and sporulation, whilst sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) was only 29 per cent as capable as the best medium. The radial growth rate in case of PDA was 3 ± 0.02 mm/day, while in case of SDA, it was only 1.09 mm/day. Whilst starch as a carbon source was found to increase the radial growth to 5.15 ± 0.02 mm/day, sucrose significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the sporulation (224,000 ± 1,550 spores/ml) of Epicoccum nigrum. Amongst the various nitrogen sources analysed, peptone significantly increased (p < 0.05) the radial growth (6.55 ± 0.02 mm/day) as well as sporulation (220,000 ± 2,100 spores/ml). The observations also indicated that E. nigrum is able to sense and differentiate between light in different wavelength ranges and respond differently in growth and sporulation. The light passing through a red colour sheet resulted in better radial growth (8.5 ± 0.02 mm/day) in comparison to unfiltered light (3 ± 0.02 mm/day). Yellow pigment production in terms of hue values was significantly influenced by the presence of dextrose, peptone and darkness.

Research limitations/implications

The isolated strain could be studied for variable conditions and stress factors for optimal production of the pigment. Recovery and purification studies could be carried out at pilot and industrial scale.

Practical implications

The isolation of a strain producing valuable microbial pigment will increase the alternatives of natural food colours and enhance the its commercial applications

Originality/value

This study identifies Epicoccum nigrum as a potential source of microbial pigment and facilitates its growth and production for possible applications in industrial pigment production.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 48 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 November 2018

Huawei Zeng, Qiao Jie, Zeng Xin, Xu Dayong, Xiong Minghua, Li Feng, Sun Jianfan, Jiang Xuan and Dai Chuanyun

Monascus pigment was widely applied in food processing industry as functional additive, so more attention was paid to the fermentation optimization of pigment production…

Abstract

Purpose

Monascus pigment was widely applied in food processing industry as functional additive, so more attention was paid to the fermentation optimization of pigment production. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the best possible fermentative conditions for maximum production of biopigment using submerged fermentation (SFM) and solid state fermentation (SSF) by Monascus purpureus HBSD 08.

Design/methodology/approach

The biopigment was produced by using an SMF and an SSF with optimized substrate to achieve higher yield. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging ability, superoxide anion radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. The pigment composition was analyzed by thin layer chromatography.

Findings

Maximum Monascus pigment production (79.6 U/ml and 1,102 U/g) were obtained under an SFM and an SFF. The antioxidant activity of the pigment in an SFM was significantly higher than that in an SFM. The composition of pigment was not different in an SFM and an SFF.

Originality/value

The study developed new conditions, and Monascus strain was a candidate for producing pigment in an SFM and an SFF. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is a first attempt toward comparative evaluation on antioxidant capacity and composition between pigment in an SSF and an SFM. This result will serve for Monascus pigment production.

1 – 10 of over 3000