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Book part
Publication date: 10 August 2018

Working Toward Sustainable Development: Consulting to the Eco-system

Susan Albers Mohrman and Stu Winby

We argue that in order to address the contemporary challenges that organizations and societies are facing, the field of organization development (OD) requires frameworks…

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Abstract

We argue that in order to address the contemporary challenges that organizations and societies are facing, the field of organization development (OD) requires frameworks and skills to focus on the eco-system as the level of analysis. In a world that has become economically, socially, and technologically highly connected, approaches that foster the optimization of specific actors in the eco-system, such as individual corporations, result in sub-optimization of the sustainability of the natural and social system because there is insufficient offset to the ego-centric purposes of the focal organization. We discuss the need for OD to broaden focus to deal with technological advances that enable new ways of organizing at the eco-system level, and to deal with the challenges to sustainable development. Case examples from healthcare and the agri-foods industry illustrate the kinds of development approaches that are required for the development of healthy eco-systems. We do not suggest fundamental changes in the identity of the field of organizational development. In fact, we demonstrate the need to dig deeply into the open systems and socio-technical roots of the field, and to translate the traditional values and approaches of OD to continue to be relevant in today’s dynamic interdependent world.

Details

Research in Organizational Change and Development
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0897-301620180000026001
ISBN: 978-1-78756-351-3

Keywords

  • Eco-system design
  • socio-technical design
  • sustainable development
  • cross-discipline intervention
  • digitally enabled organization
  • health care design
  • supply chain design

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Article
Publication date: 23 October 2007

Complex built‐environment design: four extensions to Ashby

Terence Love and Trudi Cooper

This paper sets out to report on research by the authors into the development and application of four extensions to Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety (LoRV) that increase…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper sets out to report on research by the authors into the development and application of four extensions to Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety (LoRV) that increase its utility in the arena of unplanned changes in hegemonic control of designed complex socio‐technical systems/digital eco‐systems in the built environment that are structurally dynamic or emergent.

Design/methodology/approach

Research on which the paper is based focused on exploration of classical systems approaches to the design of complex socio‐technical systems in which ownership, power, control and management of structure and benefit generation and distribution are distributed, dynamic and multi‐constituent. Support for development of these four extensions to Ashby's Law comes from observation of four decades of socio‐technical systems development along with critical thinking that combined systems analysis theories with theories and findings from fields of hegemonic analysis, design research, management, management information systems, behaviour in organisations and sociology.

Findings

The paper outlines application of four new extensions to LoRV in relation to unplanned changes in distributions of power, ownership, control, benefit generation and benefit distribution in complex socio‐technical systems/digital eco‐systems in the built environment that are emergent or have changing structures. Three of these extensions have been outlined earlier in relation to the design of learning object‐based e‐learning systems. The fourth extension builds on these via application of Coasian analysis. The paper also describes a suite of five guidelines to assist with the design of complex socio‐technical systems derived from the four extensions to Ashby.

Research limitations/implications

The four extensions of Ashby's Law that underpin the design guidelines in this paper are deduced from observation and critical analysis rather than being “proven” empirically. They are derived from observation of the behaviour of real‐world complex systems together with critical analytical thinking that integrated theory and research findings from a range of disciplines where each informs understanding of hegemonic aspects of emergent complex socio‐technical systems involving multiple, changing constituencies, and evolving system structures.

Practical implications

A design method is derived comprising five design guidelines for use in pre‐design and design of complex socio‐technical systems/digital eco‐systems in the built environment.

Originality/value

The paper describes the application of four new extensions to LoRV that extend the analytical role of Ashby's Law in diagnosis of changes in power relations and unintended design outcomes from changes in the generation and control of variety in complex, multi‐layered and hierarchical socio‐technical systems that have multiple stakeholders and constituencies. From these, a suite of five new design guidelines is proposed.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 36 no. 9/10
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920710827391
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

  • Design
  • Cybernetics
  • Social environment
  • Control
  • Man‐machine systems

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Article
Publication date: 17 May 2013

Careers in academe: the academic labour market as an eco‐system

Yehuda Baruch

This paper aims to explore the contrast between stable and dynamic labour markets in academe in light of career theories that were originally developed for business environments.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the contrast between stable and dynamic labour markets in academe in light of career theories that were originally developed for business environments.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual design, offering the eco‐system as a framework.

Findings

It evaluates their relevance and applicability to dynamic and global academic labour markets using the emerging novel eco‐system theory. Lessons are drawn for individual scholars employed in the higher education sector as well as to institutions.

Practical implications

The paper suggests practical indications for people‐management within academe. It integrates human capital theory, psychological‐contract concepts and career perspectives about people‐management with practical career advice for the sector.

Originality/value

The paper offers a conceptual framework to better understand labour markets, in particular academic labour markets, using eco‐system as a strong explanatory power.

Details

Career Development International, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-09-2012-0092
ISSN: 1362-0436

Keywords

  • Academia
  • Human capital
  • Global labour market
  • Careers
  • Eco‐system

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Article
Publication date: 22 June 2010

Invasive alien species dispersal: the millennium biodiversity disaster

Praseeda Sanu.V and Jeyanth K. Newport

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the different modes of species dispersal and the various types of alien species dispersed in the Indian peninsular region and its…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the different modes of species dispersal and the various types of alien species dispersed in the Indian peninsular region and its impact on the eco system and livelihoods.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper portrays the various identified alien species, the scale of invasion thereby resulting in biological disaster caused by mankind.

Findings

The paper lists the invasive alien species (IAS) are those that are transmitted from their own ecological niche and to a new niche due to human influence, which causes the biodiversity disaster. International boundaries are indeed porous to the intentional and unintentional movement of species from various eco systems in the country.

Originality/value

It is felt that few initiatives are being taken by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and governance of eco system from IAS is a necessity. Sustainable eco system governance (SESG) from invasive alien species should be emphasized to avoid biodiversity disasters that will have an impact on food security and nutrition of human beings.

Details

Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, vol. 19 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09653561011052475
ISSN: 0965-3562

Keywords

  • Biological hazards
  • Ecology
  • Food safety
  • Nutrition

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2020

Unsustainability as a key source of epi- and pandemics: conclusions for sustainability and ecosystems accounting

Stefan Schaltegger

The purpose of this study is to identify sources of epidemics and deduct conclusions for management, accounting and reporting.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify sources of epidemics and deduct conclusions for management, accounting and reporting.

Design/methodology/approach

Review of scientific literature on epidemics; conceptualization.

Findings

Three key sources and paths of zoonotic diseases are distinguished and conclusions drawn for organizational change and accounting.

Research limitations/implications

Accounting for ecosystems and ecosystem management needs to receive more attention in research and practice to combat key sources of epidemics and pandemics.

Social implications

To reduce the likelihood of future pandemics the paths of epidemics development need to be broken.

Originality/value

Conceptual systematization of key sources of epidemics and pandemics; concluding management, accounting and reporting consequences.

Details

Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-08-2020-0117
ISSN: 1832-5912

Keywords

  • Sustainability reporting
  • Sustainability accounting
  • Ecosystems
  • Sustainability management
  • Covid-19
  • Paths of epidemics

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Article
Publication date: 10 June 2019

Orchestration and governance in digital platform ecosystems: a literature review and trends

Sandip Mukhopadhyay and Harry Bouwman

Because of the attention increasingly being focused on digital transformation, interest in business models of platform-enabled ecosystems is rising rapidly. Although there…

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Abstract

Purpose

Because of the attention increasingly being focused on digital transformation, interest in business models of platform-enabled ecosystems is rising rapidly. Although there are different theoretical views on the role of ecosystems, a synthesis of research, with a focus on governance and orchestration in dynamic, multi-industry eco-systems, is lacking.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review was conducted by following a rigorous search protocol in the scholarly databases covering both journal articles and conference papers These papers were subsequently filtered, and finally, 48 relevant papers were selected for analysis.

Findings

The review identifies five key aspects of platform governance design that need close consideration: the meta-organisation or ecosystem design, coordination mechanisms, mechanisms for value co-creation, value appropriation mechanisms and architectural principles. To achieve balance among a set of competing demands, platform leaders need to devote adequate attention to these aspects.

Practical implications

Based on a literature review, the authors provide an overview of underlying theoretical views, research methods and key trends to develop a sound theoretical grounding for research on platform governance design. The paper also suggests research gaps in the existing literature and sets directions for researchers to strengthen the understanding of effective platform governance design. The paper also provides valuable information to managers in developing or leading a successful platform ecosystem.

Originality/value

The paper uses existing literature published in this topic and original in nature.

Details

Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, vol. 21 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-11-2018-0067
ISSN: 2398-5038

Keywords

  • Control
  • Governance
  • Ecosystems
  • Literature review
  • Business models
  • Digital platforms

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2018

Increasing Ecological Capacity by Designing Ecological High Rise Buildings

Talie Tohidi Moghadam and Mahmoud Feizabadi

This study provides insight into using ecological design principles in designing high-rise buildings for increasing the ecological capacity of a region. It is a…

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Abstract

This study provides insight into using ecological design principles in designing high-rise buildings for increasing the ecological capacity of a region. It is a descriptive-analytical survey, which starts with the literacy of the subject, and continues by analyzing successful ecologically designed case studies around the world and notes that by using ecological design principles in designing high-rise buildings, can increase the ecological capacity of a region in order to meet its occupant needs. It indicates that by the industrialization of cities, due to population growth, the value of the land and lack of it for growing population to be settled in, designing high-rise buildings may be the best solution to solve the problem. Moreover, the importance of designing high-rise buildings based on ecological principles has been highlighted by environmental pollution, natural hazards and endangered ecosystems. The ecological design for high-rise buildings is becoming more and more important considering environmental issues. This approach is routed in remaking the natural relationships in ecosystems. The most important feature of nature which can be used in ecological design is its power of reconstruction and rehabilitation. So we can reach an ecosystem in scale of a high-rise building which imitates nature in all its aspects.

Details

Open House International, vol. 43 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/OHI-04-2018-B0010
ISSN: 0168-2601

Keywords

  • Ecology
  • Eco-System
  • Ecological Design
  • High-Rise Buildings
  • Ecological High-Rise buildings

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Article
Publication date: 12 October 2015

Business models and the diffusion of eco-innovations in the eco-mobility sector

Isabelle Nicolai and Sylvie Faucheux

This paper aims to identify and to characterize the current evolution of “sustainable mobility” solutions. After considering this trend as an expression of eco-innovation…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to identify and to characterize the current evolution of “sustainable mobility” solutions. After considering this trend as an expression of eco-innovation, the authors look at the impacts of the emerging business models for the introduction of these eco-innovations, on the wider “eco-system” of mobility.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses both an abductive as well as a inductive approach of responsible innovation. To assume contextualization of responsible innovation, the authors choose eco-innovation in the mobility sector that impacts as much on business models as on industrial organizations and as a global value chain.

Findings

Eco-mobility is defined as a disruptive innovation that must be understood as a responsible innovation. The importance of social and institutional dimensions defining acceptance and uptake of the innovation is integrated in innovation characterization. Modifying the perception of eco-innovation, the e-mobility business model has to be reinvented. Doing this, impacts on global value chain of the mobility sector organization have to be analysed.

Research limitations/implications

If the academic literature proposes a satisfactory analysis of the determinants of eco-innovation, the presentation of the “smart mobility” ecosystem as an open and shared innovation remains limited, compared with the question of value creation. The business models which are at present under development will deepen these questions.

Practical implications

This paper discusses inputs for decision-makers in climate change policy and insights for reorganization of the global value chain in the car manufacturing sector.

Social implications

This paper presents solutions to reduce the negative externalities (social and environmental) of the car manufacturing sector with good possibilities of mobility, inputs to accelerate new markets and new jobs in mobility sector and adequation of mobility services to social demand.

Originality/value

Mixed analyses of sustainable development economics, innovation economics and organization management, and elements to build new business models in eco-mobility as a first step for the question of the adequate business models for “Smart Cities” – an application sector of functionality or service economy – have been presented.

Details

Society and Business Review, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-07-2015-0024
ISSN: 1746-5680

Keywords

  • Decision making
  • Organizational behaviour
  • Management research
  • Organizational theory
  • Stakeholder analysis
  • Corporate social responsibility

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Article
Publication date: 6 July 2010

An economic analysis of willingness to pay (WTP) for conserving the biodiversity

A. Surendran and C. Sekar

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of eco‐tourism on the socio‐economic characteristics of the native inhabitants and natural resources in Anamalai Tiger…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of eco‐tourism on the socio‐economic characteristics of the native inhabitants and natural resources in Anamalai Tiger Reserve (ATR), India. The paper estimates the recreational value and measures the willingness to pay (WTP) of the stakeholders and tourists to conserve the forest eco‐system.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws upon theories and issues of eco‐tourism to examine the economic value of forest ecosystem, including direct and indirect use values of the ecological regulatory services. The 60 sample stakeholders of the study were agricultural and forest dependents and tourist dependents in addition to 60 visitors of ATR spot.

Findings

The travel cost had a significant negative influence on frequency of visits, while education had a positive impact. The agriculture and forest dependents, tourist dependents and tourists were WTP an average amount of Rs 202 (US$4.03), Rs 449 (US$9.55) and Rs 656 (US$14.00)/annum, respectively, towards internalizing eco‐tourism‐related externalities. The option value of conserving the ATR was estimated by contingent valuation method using bidding game technique. Education and number of animal species sighted have positively related to WTP and was highly significant.

Social implications

The paper addresses the attitude of people towards conservation of the forest biodiversity, as well as increasing the income of the people via eco‐tourism.

Originality/value

The outcome implies that eco‐tourism will reduce the dependency of forest and also create more employment and other tourism‐related income augmenting activities and thus enhancing additional income through tourism related occupations. The paper suggests the establishment of several other eco‐parks in Tamil Nadu for protecting the biodiversity as well as generating additional income and improving the livelihood security of the population.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 37 no. 8
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03068291011060661
ISSN: 0306-8293

Keywords

  • India
  • Tourism
  • Ecology
  • Conservation
  • Forestry
  • Animals

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Article
Publication date: 3 May 2019

University spaces for entrepreneurship: a process model

Luke Pittaway, Rachida Aissaoui, Michelle Ferrier and Paul Mass

The purpose of this paper is to explore trends in entrepreneurship spaces developed by universities to support entrepreneurship education. It identifies characteristics…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore trends in entrepreneurship spaces developed by universities to support entrepreneurship education. It identifies characteristics that make a space conducive to innovation and explains whether current spaces adequately conform to those characteristics. More generally, this paper seeks to clarify what is being built, for which purposes and with what results.

Design/methodology/approach

Given the novelty of this research, the paper uses a multiple-method approach to allow for an iterative examination between theory and data. Multiple data and methods were used, including an action research method, a systematic survey of 57 entrepreneurship spaces at US universities and a thematic and content analyses of interviews carried out with individuals directly involved in the functioning of such spaces.

Findings

The paper presents a prescriptive model aimed at guiding the practitioner in the design of an entrepreneurship space. It identifies five types of entrepreneurship spaces that differentially support entrepreneurial activities and rely on different characteristics. These characteristics are centrally important for innovation and entrepreneurship spaces.

Practical implications

There are a number of practical implications from the work. It identifies key challenges in the design of entrepreneurship spaces and shows which questions to consider in the decision-making process.

Originality/value

The paper advances research on entrepreneurship spaces, an important yet poorly understood phenomenon. It reviews and introduces the literature on how space can support innovation, entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial “spirit’” and proposes a typology of entrepreneurship spaces, providing a path toward more robust and comprehensive theory building.

Details

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 26 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-09-2018-0584
ISSN: 1355-2554

Keywords

  • Entrepreneurial education
  • Innovation spaces
  • Entrepreneurship spaces
  • Co-working spaces

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