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Although the KNOU has successful history, it has been in a difficult situation, recently. By comparing the statistical figures of the university in the early 1990s and 2000s, we can delineate the followings as the major difficulties. First, there was a sharp decrease in the number of the applicants and students. Second, there was a continuous downward trend of the enrollment rate of the admitted students. Third, there were feminization and aging of the student population. Forth, the academic departments with students less than the quotas increased and the gaps in student numbers between the department widened. In terms of policy implications to the Open Universities, we propose the followings based on the experiences of the KNOU: we should maintain the number of students within a reasonable limit; the Open University needs to do its best to improve quality in education.

Presents 35 abstracts from the 2001 Employment Research Unit Annual conference held at Cardiff Business School in September 2001. Attempts to explore the theme of changing politics of employment relations beyond and within the nation state, against a background of concern in the developed economies at the erosion of relatively advanced conditions of work and social welfare through increasing competition and international agitation for more effective global labour standards. Divides this concept into two areas, addressing the erosion of employment standards through processes of restructuring and examining attempts by governments, trade unions and agencies to re‐create effective systems of regulation. Gives case examples from areas such as India, Wales, London, Ireland, South Africa, Europe and Japan. Covers subjects such as the Disability Discrimination Act, minimum wage, training, contract workers and managing change.