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1 – 10 of over 20000
Article
Publication date: 1 April 2004

Ying‐Tzu Lu and Brian H. Kleiner

Looks at drug use (and testing for it) in the workplace, and how it affects businesses. States, although drug users affect fellow workers through accidents at work, the non‐users…

2127

Abstract

Looks at drug use (and testing for it) in the workplace, and how it affects businesses. States, although drug users affect fellow workers through accidents at work, the non‐users may also experience lowered morale. Directs employers how to introduce and operate drug testing programmes, listing six considerations. Concludes that once employers are aware of the legality of their actions they can perform drug testing programmes and provide both a drug‐free workplace and a safe working environment.

Details

Management Research News, vol. 27 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0140-9174

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 1994

Dean Elmuti

Presents a longitudinal field study which compares changes inperceptions of productivity and attendance behaviours for participantsin a drugtesting programme in a manufacturing…

2348

Abstract

Presents a longitudinal field study which compares changes in perceptions of productivity and attendance behaviours for participants in a drugtesting programme in a manufacturing firm in the mid‐western USA. Employee efficiency, productivity and absenteeism changes related to the implementation of the drugtesting programme were measured by collecting and analysing actual organizational data. Data for each of the measures were collected for a 42‐month period, ranging from 18 months prior to the implementation of the programme to 24 months after the programme began. The attitudinal results provide, at best, circumspect support for the claims of drugtesting proponents that the programme reduces drug abuse in the workplace and improves overall productivity. The performance results, however, document a positive and substantial impact of drugtesting initiative on employee productivity and absenteeism rates.

Details

Employee Councelling Today, vol. 6 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-8217

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1997

B. Wayne Rockmore, Thomas W. Zimmerer and Foard F. Jones

States that management faces a dilemma when it rightly desires to create and maintain a drug‐free work environment. Addresses the need to test employees to ensure a safe and…

890

Abstract

States that management faces a dilemma when it rightly desires to create and maintain a drug‐free work environment. Addresses the need to test employees to ensure a safe and productive workplace while ensuring that the testing procedures are neither demeaning to employees or viewed as an invasion of privacy. Recommends the establishment of a five‐step process. States that asking and answering the right questions before setting policy in this sensitive human resources area is essential. The framework presented is designed to assist management in planning for the development of a drug testing programme, responsive to the needs of the organization and its employees.

Details

Journal of Workplace Learning, vol. 9 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1366-5626

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1998

Leanne Jardine‐Tweedie and Phillip C. Wright

This paper discusses the use of drugs in the workplace with particular enphasis on the practice of drug testing, outlining arguments, both for and against. We conclude that drug

2688

Abstract

This paper discusses the use of drugs in the workplace with particular enphasis on the practice of drug testing, outlining arguments, both for and against. We conclude that drug testing tends to destroy the employee‐employer relationship, recommending strongly not to engage in the practice. Finally, alternatives to drug testing are outlined, culminating in a call to place greater emphasis on performance testing.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 13 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-3946

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2008

Nicola Singleton

Despite a considerable increase in drug testing within the criminal justice system (CJS) through schemes such as the drug interventions programme, research is equivocal about its…

Abstract

Despite a considerable increase in drug testing within the criminal justice system (CJS) through schemes such as the drug interventions programme, research is equivocal about its added value, as a recent series of reports from the UK Drug Policy Commission highlighted. The role of drug testing needs to be clarified and its cost‐effectiveness confirmed through studies with comparative regimes. Any further expansion of drug testing within the CJS should be undertaken with caution.

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

Chia‐Lin Chen and Brian H. Kleiner

Cites drug abuse as a growing social problem which has a detrimental effect in the workplace. Considers the issues of privacy and the law, the methods of drug testing and the…

873

Abstract

Cites drug abuse as a growing social problem which has a detrimental effect in the workplace. Considers the issues of privacy and the law, the methods of drug testing and the methods employed by most companies faced with a positive test. Suggests solutions for drug abuse in the workplace and discusses ways to decrease legal liability associated with a workplace drug abuse policy. Provides a framework to guide companies on how to conduct a drug abuse policy properly before looking at the cost of testing.

Details

Management Research News, vol. 24 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0140-9174

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2005

Jenny McWhirter

Aims to assess the merits of random drug testing in UK schools.

875

Abstract

Purpose

Aims to assess the merits of random drug testing in UK schools.

Design/methodology/approach

Outlines the arguments for and against drug testing and draws on evidence from studies in the USA that seek to determine whether young people are deterred from using drugs by random drug testing.

Findings

Both theory and practice suggest that drug testing in schools will not prevent or delay drug use in the UK.

Originality/value

The balance of the argument is against drug testing in schools, and will remain so until evidence suggests otherwise.

Details

Health Education, vol. 105 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0965-4283

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2005

Jeanne Dean

This article reviews the procedures for the management of drug misuse in Scottish prisons 10 years after the introduction of the legislative framework permitting the introduction…

119

Abstract

This article reviews the procedures for the management of drug misuse in Scottish prisons 10 years after the introduction of the legislative framework permitting the introduction of mandatory drug testing (MDT). In April 2005 the Scottish Prison Service announced its decision to discontinue mandatory random drug tests (MRDTs) in Scottish prisons. This decision was not without controversy and was met by criticisms in the media that the prison service had given up on the fight against controlling substance abuse among inmates within Scottish prisons. This research examines the reality of the problem and some of the issues that have arisen over the past 10 years. The current usage of mandatory drug testing and some possible future implications of its usage are researched through the realistic but forward‐looking approach currently utilised at Edinburgh prison.

Details

International Journal of Prisoner Health, vol. 1 no. 2/3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-9200

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1998

Elaine Draper

Discusses US use of drug testing in the workplace, screening employees for smoking, AIDS, genetic traits and reproductive hazards. Attributes this to the costs employers face in…

1139

Abstract

Discusses US use of drug testing in the workplace, screening employees for smoking, AIDS, genetic traits and reproductive hazards. Attributes this to the costs employers face in insurance, litigation and compensation. Points out that the purpose of drug testing is to circumvent management responsibility for: accidents in the workplace, stress, bad management practices, and disregarding health and safety initiatives. Acknowledges that the tests are harmful and indefensible. Reports that 81 per cent of members of the American Management Association in 1996 conducted drug testing. Claims that screening is the alternative to monitoring – that is screening out individuals who are seen as high risk in some way – yet that misses the point – the focus should be on making hazardous working conditions safe. Indicates that companies may use drug testing as a means of deterring drug users from gravitating towards their organization. Mentions that workplace‐induced stress can lead to substance abuse and that, therefore it is management driven, rather than being a problem the worker brings to the workplace. Quotes a number of company physicians who object to policing drug use. Indicates that drug testing has diverted attention away from health and safety issues and hazardous working conditions.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 18 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2021

Levi Anderson, Steven Love, James Freeman and Jeremy Davey

This study first aimed to investigate the differences in drug driver detection rates between a trial of randomised and targeted enforcement operations. The second aim was to…

Abstract

Purpose

This study first aimed to investigate the differences in drug driver detection rates between a trial of randomised and targeted enforcement operations. The second aim was to identify which indicator categories are most commonly used by police to target drug drivers and to assess the effectiveness of targeted drug testing. Finally, this study aimed to quantify what specific indicators and cues (of the overarching categories) triggered their decision to drug test drivers and which indicators were most successful.

Design/methodology/approach

This research examined the detection rates in a trial comparison of randomised and targeted roadside drug testing (RDT) operations as well as the methods utilised by police in the targeted operations to identify potential drug driving offenders.

Findings

Visual appearance was by far the most commonly utilised indicator followed by age, police intelligence on prior charges, vehicle appearance and behavioural cues. However, the use of police intelligence was identified as the most successful indicator that correlated with positive oral fluid testing results. During the randomised RDT operations, 3.4% of all drivers who were tested yielded a positive roadside oral fluid result compared to 25.5% during targeted RDT operations.

Research limitations/implications

The targeted RDT approach, while determined to be an effective detection methodology, limits the overall deterrent effect of roadside testing in a more general driving population, and the need for a balanced approach to ensure detection and deterrence is required. This study highlights that by focussing on night times for randomised RDT operations and the identified effective indicators for targeted operations, an effective balance of deterrence and detection could be achieved.

Practical implications

While the presence of a single indicator is not indicative of a drug driver, this study highlights for police which indicators currently used are more effective at detecting a drug driver. As a result, police could adapt current RDT procedures to focus on the presence of these indicators to support drug driver detection.

Originality/value

This is a world-first study that examines both randomised and targeted roadside drug testing. This study controls for location and time of day while using the same police unit for roadside testing, thus is able to make direct comparisons between the two methodologies to determine the effectiveness of police targeting for roadside drug testing. Furthermore, this study highlights which indicators used by police results in the highest rate of positive roadside drug tests.

Details

Policing: An International Journal, vol. 44 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

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