Search results

1 – 10 of over 20000
Article
Publication date: 29 November 2019

A. George Assaf and Mike G. Tsionas

This paper aims to present several Bayesian specification tests for both in- and out-of-sample situations.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present several Bayesian specification tests for both in- and out-of-sample situations.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors focus on the Bayesian equivalents of the frequentist approach for testing heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation and functional form specification. For out-of-sample diagnostics, the authors consider several tests to evaluate the predictive ability of the model.

Findings

The authors demonstrate the performance of these tests using an application on the relationship between price and occupancy rate from the hotel industry. For purposes of comparison, the authors also provide evidence from traditional frequentist tests.

Research limitations/implications

There certainly exist other issues and diagnostic tests that are not covered in this paper. The issues that are addressed, however, are critically important and can be applied to most modeling situations.

Originality/value

With the increased use of the Bayesian approach in various modeling contexts, this paper serves as an important guide for diagnostic testing in Bayesian analysis. Diagnostic analysis is essential and should always accompany the estimation of regression models.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 32 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 13 October 2008

Amalia M. Issa

An important current trend in health care is the move toward personalized medicine. Personalized medicine includes diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, with risk defined…

Abstract

An important current trend in health care is the move toward personalized medicine. Personalized medicine includes diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, with risk defined through genetics. The key paradigm shift brought about by the advent of personalized medicine is the increased use of in vitro genomic diagnostics. These tests offer the potential of being able to predict which patients are likely to respond to a particular drug, or which patients are likely to develop adverse reactions to a drug. The focus of this paper is the use of genomic diagnostics, and how the increasing development and translation into clinical practice of diagnostic – drug combination products will be adopted into health care delivery. The meaning of value and how to measure it is considered from different perspectives. A novel framework for evaluating the value of genomic diagnostics is proposed. Finally, the implications for regulatory approval and policy are discussed using an illustrative case study.

Details

Beyond Health Insurance: Public Policy to Improve Health
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84855-181-7

Article
Publication date: 10 April 2017

Martin James Wasserberg

This study aimed to investigate whether a diagnostic testing condition leads to stereotype threat effects for African American and Latina/o children (N = 81) when tested together…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate whether a diagnostic testing condition leads to stereotype threat effects for African American and Latina/o children (N = 81) when tested together at an urban elementary school in Miami, Florida.

Design/methodology/approach

To analyze the effect of stereotype threat on participants’ reading test performance, a 2 (race/ethnicity) × 2 (test condition) ANOVA was conducted.

Findings

Results indicated that presenting a reading test as diagnostic of abilities hindered the performance of African American children but not of Latina/o children.

Practical Implications

A relationship to Latina/o racial identity is explored as well as suggestions for developing interventions capable of attenuating stereotype threat effects for African American children.

Originality/value

In past research, Latina/o children have been demonstrated to be negatively affected by stereotype threat when tested alone or in the presence of a White comparison group (McKown and Weinstein, 2003; Nader and Clark, 2011). However, the Latina/o participants in this study, tested with an African American comparison group, were unaffected by stereotype threat trending toward experiencing stereotype lift. The present findings posit questioning as to whether Latina/o racial identity moderates stereotype threat effects and how it plays out in elementary schools.

Details

Journal for Multicultural Education, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-535X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1995

Krzysztof J. Cios and Ning Liu

Presents an inductive machine learning algorithm, CLILP2 that learns multiple covers for a concept from positive and negative examples. Although inductive learning is an…

104

Abstract

Presents an inductive machine learning algorithm, CLILP2 that learns multiple covers for a concept from positive and negative examples. Although inductive learning is an error‐prone process, multiple meaning interpretation of the examples is utilized by CLILP2 to compensate for the narrowness of induction. The algorithm is tested on data sets representing three different domains. The complexity of the algorithm is analysed and the results are compared with those obtained by others. Employs measures of specificity, sensitivity, and predictive accuracy not usually used in presenting machine learning results, and shows that they evaluate better the “correctness” of the learned concepts. Published in two parts: I – The CLILP2 algorithm; II – Experimental results and conclusions.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 24 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1985

Ted Karger

A crucial phase in planning a new product or a major revision in an entry comes just prior to its introduction into regular business operations. At this time, the management focus…

Abstract

A crucial phase in planning a new product or a major revision in an entry comes just prior to its introduction into regular business operations. At this time, the management focus is on consolidating the total program for introducing the offering to the marketplace. Marketers must engage in a sequence of important finalizing activities designed to achieve the most promising presentation.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 2 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

Content available

Abstract

Details

Clinical Governance: An International Journal, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7274

Article
Publication date: 7 August 2007

Hassan Kaghazchi, Ronan Joyce and Donal Heffernan

This paper sets out to highlight the problem associated with the development of fieldbus diagnostics in a multi‐vendor environment and to propose a solution based on diagnostic

379

Abstract

Purpose

This paper sets out to highlight the problem associated with the development of fieldbus diagnostics in a multi‐vendor environment and to propose a solution based on diagnostic function blocks (FB).

Design/methodology/approach

The work focuses on the “master‐slave” communication model in a PROFIBUS fieldbus system, where three different vendor solutions are investigated.

Findings

Although the fieldbus standards specify the type and format of the diagnostics data, the extent, location and sequence of diagnostics data within a controller are entirely vendor‐dependent. The outcome from this work defines a framework for representing the diagnostics data in the context of a special function block.

Originality/value

This research work defines a novel unified framework for representing the fieldbus diagnostics data using FB for multi‐vendor solutions in a PROFIBUS environment.

Details

Assembly Automation, vol. 27 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-5154

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 September 2023

Anchal Patil, Vipulesh Shardeo, Jitender Madaan, Ashish Dwivedi and Sanjoy Kumar Paul

This study aims to evaluate the dynamics between healthcare resource capacity expansion and disease spread. Further, the study estimates the resources required to respond to a…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the dynamics between healthcare resource capacity expansion and disease spread. Further, the study estimates the resources required to respond to a pandemic appropriately.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a system dynamics simulation and scenario analysis to experiment with the modification of the susceptible exposed infected and recovered (SEIR) model. The experiments evaluate diagnostic capacity expansion to identify suitable expansion plans and timelines. Afterwards, two popularly used forecasting tools, artificial neural network (ANN) and auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), are used to estimate the requirement of beds for a period when infection data became available.

Findings

The results from the study reflect that aggressive testing with isolation and integration of quarantine can be effective strategies to prevent disease outbreaks. The findings demonstrate that decision-makers must rapidly expand the diagnostic capacity during the first two weeks of the outbreak to support aggressive testing and isolation. Further, results confirm a healthcare resource deficit of at least two months for Delhi in the absence of these strategies. Also, the study findings highlight the importance of capacity expansion timelines by simulating a range of contact rates and disease infectivity in the early phase of the outbreak when various parameters are unknown. Further, it has been reflected that forecasting tools can effectively estimate healthcare resource requirements when pandemic data is available.

Practical implications

The models developed in the present study can be utilised by policymakers to suitably design the response plan. The decisions regarding how much diagnostics capacity is needed and when to expand capacity to minimise infection spread have been demonstrated for Delhi city. Also, the study proposed a decision support system (DSS) to assist the decision-maker in short- and long-term planning during the disease outbreak.

Originality/value

The study estimated the resources required for adopting an aggressive testing strategy. Several experiments were performed to successfully validate the robustness of the simulation model. The modification of SEIR model with diagnostic capacity increment, quarantine and testing block has been attempted to provide a distinct perspective on the testing strategy. The prevention of outbreaks has been addressed systematically.

Details

International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 53 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0960-0035

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 October 2011

Mohamad‐Ali Mortada, Soumaya Yacout and Aouni Lakis

The purpose of this paper is to test the applicability and the performance of an approach called logical analysis of data (LAD) on the detection of faults in rotating machinery…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to test the applicability and the performance of an approach called logical analysis of data (LAD) on the detection of faults in rotating machinery using vibration signals.

Design/methodology/approach

LAD is a supervised learning data mining technique that relies on finding patterns in a binary database to generate decision functions. The hypothesis is that a LAD‐based decision model can be used as an effective tool for automatic detection of faults in rolling element bearings. A novel Multiple Integer Linear Programming approach is used to generate patterns for the LAD decision model. Frequency and time‐based features are extracted from rotor bearing vibration signals and are pre‐processed to be suitable for use with LAD.

Findings

The results show good classification accuracy with both time and frequency features.

Practical implications

The diagnostic tool implemented in the form of software in a production or operations maintenance environment can be very helpful to maintenance experts as it reveals the patterns that lead to the diagnosis in interpretable terms which facilitates efforts to understand the reasons behind the components' failure.

Originality/value

The proposed modifications to the LAD‐based decision model which is being tested for the first time in the field of fault detection in rotating machinery lead to improved accuracy results in addition to the added value of result interpretability due to this distinctive property of LAD.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 28 March 2012

Daniel L. Pearce and Wolfram E. Verlaan

Purpose – To provide a resource for educators and graduate students that contains information about using formal assessment data to plan literacy instruction and…

Abstract

Purpose – To provide a resource for educators and graduate students that contains information about using formal assessment data to plan literacy instruction and intervention.

Design/methodology/approach – Several aspects of formal assessment are presented, including a definition of formal assessment, types of formal assessment scores, commonly used formal assessments, and recommendations for using formal assessments for individuals and groups. Information about formal assessment is informed both by documented sources and the experiences of the authors.

Findings – The authors provide an overview of common, commercially available assessments designed to measure literacy achievement in either individuals or groups. Reviews of formal assessments include scores, number of forms, literacy domains measured, and published reliability figures. Recommendations for formal assessment use include using assessment data to plan instruction and intervention for both individuals and groups. In addition, a case study is presented demonstrating the efficacy of using formal assessment data to plan instruction and intervention in a K-6 elementary school in the United States.

Research limitations/implications – The review of commercially available individual and group literacy assessments does not constitute an exhaustive list.

Practical implications – Information about formal assessments, assessment score types, and formal assessment uses is consolidated in one location for easy access by graduate students and other educators.

Originality/value – This chapter provides graduate students and others in the field of education an overview of formal assessments and how formal assessment data can be used to make instructional decisions for both individuals and groups.

Details

Using Informative Assessments towards Effective Literacy Instruction
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-630-0

Keywords

1 – 10 of over 20000