Search results
1 – 10 of 86Huang-Jan Hsu, Shyh-Yuan Lee, Cho-Pei Jiang and Richard Lin
This study aims to compare the marginal fit, flexural strength and hardness for a ceramic premolar that is constructed using dental computer aided machining (CAM) and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to compare the marginal fit, flexural strength and hardness for a ceramic premolar that is constructed using dental computer aided machining (CAM) and three-dimensional slurry printing (3DSP).
Design/methodology/approach
Dental CAM and 3DSP are used to fabricate a premolar model. To reduce the fabrication time for 3DSP, a new composition of solvent-free slurry is proposed. Before it is fabricated, the dimensions of the green body for the premolar model are enlarged to account for the shrinkage ratio. A two-stage sintering process ensures accurate final dimensions for the premolar model. The surface morphology of the green body and the sintered premolars that are produced using the two methods is then determined using scanning electronic microscopy. The sintered premolars are seated on a stone model to determine the marginal gap using an optical microscope. The hardness and the flexural strength are also measured for the purpose of comparison.
Findings
The developed solvent-free slurry for 3DSP can be used to produce a premolar green body without micro-cracks or delamination. The maximal marginal gap for the sintered premolar parts that are constructed using the green bodies from dental CAM is 98.9 µm and that from 3DSP is 72 µm. Both methods produce a highly dense zirconia premolar using the same sintering conditions. The hardness value for the dental CAM group is 1238.8 HV, which is slightly higher than that for the 3DSP group (1189.4 HV) because there is a difference in the pre-processing of the initial ceramic materials. However, the flexural strength for 3DSP is 716.76 MPa, which is less than the requirement for clinical use.
Originality/value
This study verifies that 3DSP can be used to fabricate a zirconia dental restoration device that is as good as the one that is produced using the dental CAM system and which has a marginal gap that is smaller than the threshold value. The resulting premolar restoration devices that are produced by sintering the green bodies that are produced using 3DSP and dental CAM under the same conditions have a similar hardness value, which is four times greater than that of enamel. The flexural strength of 3DSP does not meet the requirement for clinical use.
Details
Keywords
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have gained attention in dentistry because of their ability to print objects with complex geometries with high precision and accuracy…
Abstract
Purpose
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have gained attention in dentistry because of their ability to print objects with complex geometries with high precision and accuracy, as well as the benefits of saving materials and treatment time. This study aims to explain the principles of the main 3D printing technologies used for manufacturing dental prostheses and devices, with details of their manufacturing processes and characteristics. This review presents an overview of available 3D printing technologies and materials for dental prostheses and devices.
Design/methodology/approach
This review was targeted to include publications pertaining to the fabrication of dental prostheses and devices by 3D printing technologies between 2012 and 2021. A literature search was carried out using the Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar search engines, as well as the use of a manual search.
Findings
3D printing technologies have been used for manufacturing dental prostheses and devices using a wide range of materials, including polymers, metals and ceramics. 3D printing technologies have demonstrated promising experimental outcomes for the fabrication of dental prostheses and devices. However, further developments in the materials for fixed dental prostheses are required.
Originality/value
3D printing technologies are effective and commercially available for the manufacturing of polymeric and metallic dental prostheses. Although the printing of dental ceramics and composites for dental prostheses is promising, further improvements are required.
Details
Keywords
F. Filser, P. Kocher and L.J. Gauckler
A new process called direct ceramic machining was successfully applied for the fabrication of dental restorations and technical components. It uses prefabricated, easy to machine…
Abstract
A new process called direct ceramic machining was successfully applied for the fabrication of dental restorations and technical components. It uses prefabricated, easy to machine ceramic blanks. The shape of a ceramic component is machined with enlarged contours to compensate for the sintering shrinkage. Afterwards the machined component is sintered to full density and thereby shrinks to its final dimensions. Technical components from 5 to 100 mm in size possessing features of 1/10th mm to several millimeters and dental restorations were fabricated sucessfully, and thus demonstrate the capability for rapid production of ceramic functional prototypes. The dimensional accuracy is about 20 μm with a relative accuracy of 0.1 per cent of the component's length. Thus accurate net‐shape of the components could be achieved without hard machining.
Details
Keywords
Shuai Yang, Wenjie Zhao, Yongzhen Ke, Jiaying Liu and Yongjiang Xue
Due to the inability to directly apply an intra-oral image with esthetic restoration to restore tooth shape in the computer-aided design system, this paper aims to propose a…
Abstract
Purpose
Due to the inability to directly apply an intra-oral image with esthetic restoration to restore tooth shape in the computer-aided design system, this paper aims to propose a method that can use two-dimensional contours obtained from the image for the three-dimensional dental mesh model restoration.
Design/methodology/approach
First, intra-oral image and smiling image are taken from the patient, then teeth shapes of the images are designed based on esthetic restoration concepts and the pixel coordinates of the teeth’s contours are converted into the vertex coordinates in the three-dimensional space. Second, the dental mesh model is divided into three parts – active part, passive part and fixed part – based on the teeth’s contours of the mesh model. Third, the vertices from the teeth’s contours of the dental model are matched with ones from the intra-oral image and with the help of matching operation, the target coordinates of each vertex in the active part can be calculated. Finally, the Laplacian-based deformation algorithm and mesh smoothing algorithm are performed.
Findings
Benefitting from the proposed method, the dental mesh model with esthetic restoration can be quickly obtained based on the intra-oral image that is the result of doctor-patient communication. Experimental results show that the quality of restoration meets clinical needs, and the typical time cost of the method is approximately one second. So the method is both time-saving and user-friendly.
Originality/value
The method provides the possibility to design personalized dental esthetic restoration solutions rapidly.
Details
Keywords
Kai Wang, Jiaying Liu, Shuai Yang, Jing Guo and Yongzhen Ke
This paper aims to automatically obtain the implant parameter from the CBCT images to improve the outcome of implant planning.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to automatically obtain the implant parameter from the CBCT images to improve the outcome of implant planning.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes automatic simulated dental implant positioning on CBCT images, which can significantly improve the efficiency of implant planning. The authors introduce the fusion point calculation method for the missing tooth's long axis and root axis based on the dental arch line used to obtain the optimal fusion position. In addition, the authors proposed a semi-interactive visualization method of implant parameters that be automatically simulated by the authors' method. If the plan does not meet the doctor's requirements, the final implant plan can be fine-tuned to achieve the optimal effect.
Findings
A series of experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper greatly improves the feasibility and accuracy of the implant planning scheme, and the visualization method of planting parameters improves the planning efficiency and the friendliness of system use.
Originality/value
The proposed method can be applied to dental implant planning software to improve the communication efficiency between doctors, patients and technicians.
Details
Keywords
Kyeong-Mee Park, Jieun Cheong, Seoyul Kim, Wonse Park and Kee-Deog Kim
The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimal three-dimensional (3D) printing condition through the accuracy evaluation of the protective dental splints (PDSs) produced using…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimal three-dimensional (3D) printing condition through the accuracy evaluation of the protective dental splints (PDSs) produced using 3D printed dental casts under various conditions.
Design/methodology/approach
The dental casts of dentiform were made using the conventional method and three digital methods. The three 3D printers used one or two materials for each, and the density of the material was varied to find the appropriate printing condition. PDSs were fabricated by the same method using vacuum former on conventional dental casts, and 3D printed dental casts. PDSs were mounted on a dentiform, and the accuracy was measured according to the criteria.
Findings
All of the PDSs fabricated using the traditional method showed the highest accuracy, whereas the PDSs made using 3D printed casts showed accuracies that varied with the type of printer, material characteristics and printing density. Achieving the accuracy required for 3D printed dental casts to be used as protective dental devices made with a vacuum former requires appropriate materials and 3D printing density. The findings of this study can be used when making 3D printed models and individual PDSs through intraoral scanning for patients in whom it is difficult to take impressions using traditional methods.
Originality/value
When a digital device is applied to the fabrication of PDSs, it has the advantage of saving time and materials and preventing damage to teeth and periodontal tissue that may occur during the conventional method.
Details
Keywords
Kimberly Deranek, Steven Kramer and Sharon Siegel
This research compared the efficacy of process outcomes leveraging lean methods versus traditional pedagogy applied to dental education dependent on emerging technology. The…
Abstract
Purpose
This research compared the efficacy of process outcomes leveraging lean methods versus traditional pedagogy applied to dental education dependent on emerging technology. The pedagogical objective was to improve system efficiency without compromising traditional outcomes of effectiveness (quality).
Design/methodology/approach
The research team tested the efficacy of a lean A3 framework to identify, remove waste and redesign a technology-dependent simulation laboratory course (CAD/CAM/IR Restorative Dentistry). Students were also sensitized to time-in-chair to introduce a stronger patient focus. Baseline data collected from a control group were statistically compared to the research group's data after the course redesign. In addition, course time allocations were measured and then compared.
Findings
The results showed the interventions significantly reduced procedure cycle times without compromising quality. Additionally, the course was more efficiently conducted as measured by course time allocations.
Practical implications
This research demonstrated that the use of the A3 framework enhanced learning through process documentation, reengineering and systems optimization resolving issues of inefficiency associated with the CAD/CAM/IR pedagogy. This work is significant because it demonstrates the practice of using lean interventions to redesign and improve a technology-based healthcare course to maximize benefits.
Originality/value
This research is the first to examine how to leverage lean methods in a healthcare simulation laboratory, dependent on innovative technology, to educate and train future practitioners. This research applied statistical rigor in a controlled experiment to maximize its applicability and generalizability.
Details
Keywords
Ana R. Lapcevic, Danimir P Jevremovic, Tatjana M Puskar, Robert J. Williams and Dominic Eggbeer
The purpose of this paper is to analyse structure and measure hardness of Co-Cr dental alloy samples made with two different technologies, conventional casting method (CCM…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse structure and measure hardness of Co-Cr dental alloy samples made with two different technologies, conventional casting method (CCM samples) and additive direct metal laser sintering technology (DMLS samples), and to compare the results.
Design/methodology/approach
CCM samples were made in a conventional casting machine, using remanium 800+ Co-Cr dental alloy (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany). DMLS samples were fabricated out of EOS CC SP2 Co-Cr alloy (EOS, GmbH, Munich, Germany) using DMLS technology. Samples for structural analysis were plate-shaped (10 × 10 × 1.5 mm3) and for the hardness test were prismatic-shaped (55 × 10.2 × 11.2 mm3). Structure was analysed via an inverting microscope and colour metallography method.
Findings
CCM samples have a dense, irregular dendritic mesh, which is typical for the metallic phase of the Co-Cr dental alloy. DMLS alloy has a more homogenous and more compact structure, compared to CCM. Metals, the alloy basis consists of, form semilunar stratified layers, which are characteristic for the additive manufacturing (AM) technique. Hardness values of DMLS (mean value was 439.84 HV10) were found to be higher than those of CCM (mean value was 373.76 HV10).
Originality/value
There are several reports about possible use of AM technologies for manufacturing dental devices, and investigation of mechanical properties and biocompatibility behaviour of AM-produced dental alloys. Microstructure of Co-Cr alloy made with DMLS technology has been introduced for the first time in the present paper.
Details
Keywords
Abbas Azari and Sakineh Nikzad
The goal of rapid mechanical prototyping is to be able to quickly fabricate complex‐shaped, 3D parts directly from computer‐aided design models. The key idea of this novel…
Abstract
Purpose
The goal of rapid mechanical prototyping is to be able to quickly fabricate complex‐shaped, 3D parts directly from computer‐aided design models. The key idea of this novel technology is based upon decomposition of 3D computer models data into thin cross‐sectional layers, followed by physically forming the layers and stacking them up; “layer by layer technique.” This new method of modeling has raised many attentions in dentistry especially in the field of surgery and implantology. The purpose of this review study is to represent the historical development and various methods currently used for building dental appliances. It is also aimed to show the many benefits which can be achieved by using this new technology in various branches of dentistry.
Design/methodology/approach
The major existing resources, including unpublished data on the internet, were considered.
Findings
Although, creating 3D objects in a layered fashion is an idea almost as old as human civilization but, this technology has only recently been employed to build 3D complex models in dentistry. It seems that in near future many other methods will develop which could change traditional dental practices. It is advisable to include more unit hours in dental curriculums to acquaint dental students with the many benefits of this novel technology.
Originality/value
It is hard to believe that the routine dental techniques were affected by revolutionary concepts originally theorized by engineering methods. It is a reality that in future, most of the restorative disciplines will be fully revised and the computer methods be evolved to an extent where dentistry can be performed by computer‐assisted methods with optimum safety, simplicity, and reliability.
Details
Keywords
Secil Ozkan Ata, Canan Akay and Nazim Ata
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the environmental pressure changes on the bond strength between zirconia ceramics and adhesive resin cement.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the environmental pressure changes on the bond strength between zirconia ceramics and adhesive resin cement.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 40 rectangular-shaped zirconium-oxide ceramic specimens were prepared. For surface modification, all zirconia specimens were sandblasted with 50 μm alumina particles. The composite resin discs were bonded to modified zirconia surfaces with resin cement. The specimens were divided into four groups; hyperbaric, hypobaric, hyperbaric + hypobaric and control group. The specimen underwent pressure cycles for 30 days. The shear bond strength test was performed by using the universal testing machine, and failures of the debonded samples were examined with scanning electron microscopy and light microscope.
Findings
No significant difference in bond strength was found between the hyperbaric, hypobaric and control groups after 30 days (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the hyperbaric + hypobaric group compared to the control group (p = 0.022). Also, the Weibull modulus was highest in control group and lowest in the hyperbaric + hypobaric group.
Originality/value
Barometric changes due to flying followed by diving may have an adverse effect on the retention of zirconia ceramics. Care should be taken in the selection of materials for dental treatment of people who are exposed to environmental pressure changes.
Details