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1 – 10 of over 4000Kazeem Oyedele Lamidi, Lusanda Beauty Juta and Vukosi Mathonsi
This paper aims to present relevant literature review to build up the case pertaining to the impact of traditional leadership in the demarcation of municipal boundaries in South…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present relevant literature review to build up the case pertaining to the impact of traditional leadership in the demarcation of municipal boundaries in South Africa. Municipal boundary demarcation remains a major contentious issue during the process of establishing municipalities. Little or no attention has been paid to the significance of traditional leadership in resolving issues around boundary demarcation between municipalities, hence this paper.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopted case study design. Data were collected from secondary sources and the contents were analyzed for this research purpose.
Findings
This paper put boundary in municipal context as a result of spatial reconfiguration process. It also discussed the impactful roles of traditional leadership as an institution involved in municipal (re)demarcation processes.
Research limitations/implications
This paper focusses on the contemporary roles that traditional leadership is at vantage position to play in the process of municipal boundary demarcation. Therefore, the paper concludes that traditional leadership could resolve issue of ethnicity as a causal factor mitigating the redemarcation of municipal boundaries.
Originality/value
It contributes to existing knowledge by providing information on the roles of traditional leadership that could complement the resolution of the ethnic complexities arising from municipal (re)demarcation processes.
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The purpose of this paper is to identify viable demarcation criteria for knowledge based development (KBD) with reference to current concepts and practices, as an introduction to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify viable demarcation criteria for knowledge based development (KBD) with reference to current concepts and practices, as an introduction to the JKM 2009 annual special issue on KBD.
Design/methodology/approach
Outlines viable demarcation criteria for KBD with reference to current concepts and practices.
Findings
A synthetic demarcation based on collective knowledge capital mapping and balancing, together with an analytic demarcation based on three continua: territoriality, discreteness and knowledge‐intensity may help characterize and manage all KBD categories. Such demarcation includes conceptual categories such as models and units of analysis as well as practical categories such as policies, programs, publications and events.
Originality/value
Synthetic demarcation may contribute to clarify the nature of KBD and systematically differentiate research and practice belonging to the field. Analytic demarcation may contribute to develop a systematic taxonomy of conceptual and practical KBD categories.
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Hansruedi Müller and Christian Moesch
The aim of this paper is to develop procedures that make it possible to evaluate appropriately the economic infrastructure repercussions of a mega sports event, aiming at both…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to develop procedures that make it possible to evaluate appropriately the economic infrastructure repercussions of a mega sports event, aiming at both theoretical and practical scientific targets. On the one hand, this involves developing exegeses while, on the other, the focus is on problem‐led structuring. To fulfil both requirements means following objective‐cum‐analytical as well as empirical strategies.
Design/methodology/approach
Staging mega sports events necessitates the availability of appropriate infrastructure, both for specific events and for general purposes. Investments in infrastructure triggered by mega sports events are often of considerable importance for any calculation of their economic impact. The scale of the impacts identified largely depends on the basic demarcation between event‐related and non‐event‐related investments. Developed in former literature the six models derived from procedures are used as potential demarcation approaches. Their application is shown in four case studies.
Findings
The application of the six different models to four case studies shows that event‐related investment varies considerably depending on the model selected, thus decisively influencing impact study results. The determining effect of the choice of model is illustrated by applying the case of UEFA Euro 2008. The results differ from 63.2 million CHF at the minimum to 196.4 million CHF at the maximum.
Research limitations/implications
None of the six evaluated models manages to reflect reality truthfully and totally comprehensively. However, this is due not so much to faulty theoretical design as to the fact that reality is always more complex than the model which therefore can never fully mirror it. Every model provides its own specific information and so – depending on the basic situation and the actual problem – is justified in its own right.
Originality/value
The paper attempts to close the gap in connection with the demarcation of event‐related investments. As the studied demarcation problem remains the same, irrespective of the type of event, the scope for applying these models goes far beyond the case studies looked at here. The models in their final form are new. The findings obtained can also be adapted to other types of events.
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OF all industrial problems demarcation is probably the most baffling and, because its complexities are not always properly appreciated, none gives rise to more misunderstanding.
Abstract
OF all industrial problems demarcation is probably the most baffling and, because its complexities are not always properly appreciated, none gives rise to more misunderstanding.
Hans H. Bauer and Andreas Herrmann
Market demarcation is based on the idea that a sales market is notan undifferentiated set of products, but that it rather embodies anentity made up of separate groups of products…
Abstract
Market demarcation is based on the idea that a sales market is not an undifferentiated set of products, but that it rather embodies an entity made up of separate groups of products which differ with regard to certain demand‐relevant characteristics. The term market demarcation is defined first as a market structure explained by drawing boundaries. Carrying on from this idea, describes a procedure for demarcating markets. The procedure comprises three steps: the first aim is to define the products which make up the overall market that has to be structured. The second task is to determine the centre on the basis of which the overall market can be divided up into different submarkets. Finally, these submarkets must be identified using statistical methods.
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Florian Becker‐Ritterspach, Ayse Saka‐Helmhout and Jasper J. Hotho
With a few exceptions, the mainstream literature on learning in multinational enterprises (MNEs) has shown little concern for the transformational nature and the social…
Abstract
Purpose
With a few exceptions, the mainstream literature on learning in multinational enterprises (MNEs) has shown little concern for the transformational nature and the social constitution of learning. This paper aims to address this gap by drawing on Scandinavian institutionalism, social learning perspectives, and comparative institutionalism.
Design/methodology/approach
A comparative case study of two subsidiaries of the same MNE was conducted. The subsidiaries received similar practices from headquarters (HQ) but displayed contrasting learning outcomes.
Findings
It is shown that learning outcomes differed based on the varying extent to which practices were translated, which depends on the participation of local actors. The difference in participation pattern, in turn, is rooted in differences in the institutional context of the two subsidiaries.
Research limitations/implications
It is recognized that apart from institutional influences, organizational idiosyncrasies may be at work. In addition, the paper briefly considers the extent to which the notion of contrasting forms of capitalism is still useful when comparing the German and British institutional contexts.
Practical implications
The findings highlight the importance of involving employees in the translation of new practices. A challenge for MNEs is that learning of new practices can differ by institutional context. Where enabling institutional conditions are absent, conscious effort may be needed to ensure employee participation.
Originality/value
This paper highlights that MNE practice transfer rests on the translation of the practice content to the local context, and that subsidiary‐level learning processes may be institutionally embedded, thus establishing a link between subsidiary learning and the macro‐level context. As such, this paper both illustrates the value of social learning perspectives and the relevance of the work of institutionalists for understanding MNE learning processes.
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According to a widely accepted view, the Methodenstreitbetween the historical and Austrian school was the result ofmisunderstandings. Argues that it was rather the outcome of…
Abstract
According to a widely accepted view, the Methodenstreit between the historical and Austrian school was the result of misunderstandings. Argues that it was rather the outcome of different solutions to genuine philosophical and methodological problems, in particular to a demarcation problem. Presents a reconstruction of the position of Roscher. Argues that Roscher sought to solve a demarcation problem and therefore triggered a problem situation which was of fundamental importance for further discussion. Contrasts the views of Roscher and Menger. Argues that Menger′s views constitute a direct response to Roscher′s problem situation.
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This paper aims to examine obstacles to international services trade in tertiary education. It specifically analyzes Japan's international trade in education from three different…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine obstacles to international services trade in tertiary education. It specifically analyzes Japan's international trade in education from three different angles: status of international transactions of tertiary education services; the restrictions on international education services transactions as well as domestic regulations in education sectors; and the relevancy of domestic regulations in the education sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper first argues that obstacles to international education services transactions usually take the form of domestic regulations rather than direct restrictions, using the case study of Japan. Japan is an interesting case to assess since it has a strong desire to regulate the education sector and has been conducting regulatory reforms recently. The paper then considers the relevancy of domestic regulations in Japan's education sector by comparing them against regulations in other sectors where governments also have a strong desire to maintain regulatory powers, such as in legal and banking services.
Findings
While it looks that the Japanese education sector is free from restrictions on international services transactions, domestic regulations are the serious obstacles to trade. Japan's education industry has two principal problems regarding domestic regulations: unclear demarcation between the government and University Council; an emphasis on the restriction on new entrant rather than a smooth solution of “bankruptcy”.
Practical implications
As far as the business operations of foreign universities in Japan are concerned, the emphasis of regulations should be placed on the smooth solution of “bankruptcy” of these universities rather than the restriction of their entry similar to the case of banking sector. It should be also noted that the demarcation between the government and University Council in exercising power is ambiguous. Thus, both parties should maintain transparency in the decision‐making process.
Originality/value
Surprisingly, there are only a few studies that analyze Japan's tertiary education system in terms of the obstacles to international services transactions. This paper is one of the first attempt to examine the status of international transactions of tertiary education services and the restrictions on international education services transactions. It then considers the relevancy of domestic regulations in the education sector in comparison with banking and legal services sectors.
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Communities of work are a phenomenon closely associated with government social and industrial policy, and can be tracked in contemporary examples globally alongside industrial…
Abstract
Purpose
Communities of work are a phenomenon closely associated with government social and industrial policy, and can be tracked in contemporary examples globally alongside industrial development. The purpose of this paper is to explore community identity within a town which was previously single industry, but has since experienced workforce reduction and to a large degree, industry withdrawal.
Design/methodology/approach
Using an inductive approach, the researchers interviewed 32 participants who had resided (past or present) within the instrumental case study town. A thematic analytical framework, drawing on the work of Boje (2007) was employed.
Findings
A significant theme to emerge from the participants was the public assertion of social cohesion and belonging. However, what was interesting, was that beneath this unified exterior, lay accounts of multiple forms of demarcation. Drawing on Benedict Anderson’s (1983) notion of the imagined community, and Bauman’s (2001) identity in globalisation, this contradiction is conceptualised as boundary-making moments of identification and disidentification.
Research limitations/implications
This research is specific to the New Zealand context, although holds many points of interest for the wider international audience. The research provides a broad example of the layering of the collective and individual levels of identity.
Social implications
This research provides a voice to the wider individual, community and societal implications of managerial practices entwined with political decisions. This research encourages managers and educators in our business schools to seek to understand the relationship between the political, corporate, community and individual realms.
Originality/value
This research makes a significant contribution to understandings of the interconnectedness of social policy, industry, and the lived experiences of individuals. Moreover, it contributes to the broader single industry town literature, which previously has focussed on stories of decline from a North American context.
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Under the governorship of opposition leader Luis Fernando Camacho, Santa Cruz is insisting that land demarcation is a local responsibility. A recent meeting between the…