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Abstract

Details

Fake News in Digital Cultures: Technology, Populism and Digital Misinformation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-877-8

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 22 August 2023

Brijesh Sivathanu, Rajasshrie Pillai, Mahek Mahtta and Angappa Gunasekaran

This study aims to examine the tourists' visit intention by watching deepfake destination videos, using Information Manipulation and Media Richness Theory.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the tourists' visit intention by watching deepfake destination videos, using Information Manipulation and Media Richness Theory.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducted a primary survey utilizing a structured questionnaire. In total, 1,360 tourists were surveyed, and quantitative data analysis was done using PLS-SEM.

Findings

The results indicate that the factors that affect the tourists' visit intention after watching deepfake videos include information manipulation tactics, trust and media richness. This study also found that perceived deception and cognitive load do not influence the tourists' visit intention.

Originality/value

The originality/salience of this study lies in the fact that this is possibly among the first to combine the Media Richness Theory and Information Manipulation for understanding tourists' visit intention and post-viewing deepfake destination videos.

Details

Journal of Tourism Futures, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2055-5911

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 June 2023

Minghui Li and Yan Wan

Deepfake information poses more ethical risks than traditional disinformation in terms of fraud, slander, rumors and other malicious uses. However, owing to its high entertainment…

Abstract

Purpose

Deepfake information poses more ethical risks than traditional disinformation in terms of fraud, slander, rumors and other malicious uses. However, owing to its high entertainment value, deepfake information with ethical risks has become popular. This study aims to understand the role of ethics and entertainment in the acceptance and regulation of deepfake information.

Design/methodology/approach

Mixed methods were used to qualitatively identify ethical concerns and quantitatively evaluate the influence of ethical concerns and perceived enjoyment on the ethical acceptability and social acceptance of deepfake information.

Findings

The authors confirmed that informed consent, privacy protection, traceability and non-deception had a significantly positive impact on ethical acceptability and indirectly influenced social acceptance, with privacy protection being the most sensitive. Perceived enjoyment impacts the social acceptance of deepfake information and significantly weakens the effect of ethical acceptability on social acceptance.

Originality/value

The ethical concerns affecting acceptance behavior identified in this study provide an entry point for the ethical regulation of deepfake information. The weakening effect of perceived enjoyment on ethics serves as a wake-up call for regulators to guard against pan-entertainment deepfake information.

Details

Internet Research, vol. 33 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1066-2243

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 August 2022

Brijesh Sivathanu and Rajasshrie Pillai

This study aims to investigate the effect of deepfake video advertisements on hotel booking intention by applying the media richness theory (MRT) and information manipulation…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effect of deepfake video advertisements on hotel booking intention by applying the media richness theory (MRT) and information manipulation theory (IMT).

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to understand the effect of deepfake hotel video advertisements on booking intention. A large cross-section of 1,240 tourists was surveyed and data were analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The outcome of this research provides the factors affecting the booking intention due to deepfake hotel video advertisements. These factors are media richness (MR), information manipulation (IM) tactics, perceived value (PV) and perceived trust (PT). Cognitive load and perceived deception (DC) negatively influence the hotel booking intention.

Practical implications

The distinctive model that emerged is insightful for senior executives and managers in the hospitality sector to understand the influence of deepfake video advertisements. This research provides the factors of hotel booking intention due to deepfake video advertisements, which are helpful for designers, developers, marketing managers and other stakeholders in the hotel industry.

Originality/value

MR and IMT are integrated with variables such as PT and PV to explore the tourists' hotel booking intention after watching deepfake video advertisements. It is the first step toward deepfake video advertisements and hotel booking intentions for tourists. It provides an empirically tested and validated robust theoretical model to understand the effect of deepfake video advertisements on hotel booking intention.

Details

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, vol. 6 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 November 2022

Pramukh Nanjundaswamy Vasist and Satish Krishnan

This study aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of how individuals engage with deepfakes, focusing on limiting adverse effects and capitalizing on…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of how individuals engage with deepfakes, focusing on limiting adverse effects and capitalizing on their benefits.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on deepfakes, incorporating study-specific analysis followed by a cross-study synthesis.

Findings

Based on the meta-synthesis, the study developed an integrated conceptual framework based on the perspectives from the social shaping of technology theory embedding deepfake-related assertions, motivations, the subtleties of digital platforms, and deepfake-related repercussions.

Research limitations/implications

The study offers crucial insights into the evolving nature of deepfakes as a socio-technical phenomenon and the significance of platform dynamics in deepfake production. It enables researchers to comprehend the cascading effects of deepfakes and positions them to evaluate deepfake-related risks and associated mitigation mechanisms.

Practical implications

The framework that emerges from the study illustrates the influence of platforms on the evolution of deepfakes and assists platform stakeholders in introducing effective platform governance structures to combat the relentless proliferation of deepfakes and their consequences, as well as providing guidance for governments and policymakers to collaborate with platform leaders to set guardrails for deepfake engagement.

Originality/value

Deepfakes have been extensively contested for both their beneficial and negative applications and have been accused of heralding an imminent epistemic threat that has been downplayed by some quarters. This diversity of viewpoints necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. In responding to this call, this is one of the first to establish a comprehensive, theoretically informed perspective on how individuals produce, process, and engage with deepfakes through a meta-synthesis of qualitative literature on deepfakes.

Details

Internet Research, vol. 33 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1066-2243

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 September 2022

Brijesh Sivathanu, Rajasshrie Pillai and Bhimaraya Metri

The purpose of this study was to investigate the online shopping intention of customers by watching artificial intelligence (AI)–based deepfake video advertisements using media…

3244

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the online shopping intention of customers by watching artificial intelligence (AI)–based deepfake video advertisements using media richness (MR) theory and Information Manipulation Theory 2 (IMT2).

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual model was developed to understand customers' online shopping intention by watching deepfake videos. A quantitative survey was conducted among the 1,180 customers using a structured questionnaire to test the conceptual model, and data were analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling.

Findings

The outcome of this research provides the antecedents of the online shopping intention of customers after watching AI-based deepfake videos. These antecedents are MR, information manipulation tactics, personalization and perceived trust. Perceived deception negatively influences customers' online shopping intention, and cognitive load has no effect. It also elucidates the manipulation tactics used by the managers to develop AI-based deepfake videos.

Practical implications

The distinctive model that emerged is insightful for senior executives and managers in the e-commerce and retailing industry to understand the influence of AI-based deepfake videos. This provides the antecedents of online shopping intention due to deepfakes, which are helpful for designers, marketing managers and developers.

Originality/value

The authors amalgamate the MR and IMT2 theory to understand the online shopping intention of the customers after watching AI-based deepfake videos. This work is a pioneer in examining the effect of AI-based deepfakes on the online shopping intention of customers by providing a framework that is empirically validated.

Details

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, vol. 51 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-0552

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 February 2023

Isha Sharma, Kokil Jain, Abhishek Behl, Abdullah Baabdullah, Mihalis Giannakis and Yogesh Dwivedi

Deepfakes are fabricated content created by replacing an original image or video with someone else. Deepfakes have recently become commonplace in politics, posing serious…

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Abstract

Purpose

Deepfakes are fabricated content created by replacing an original image or video with someone else. Deepfakes have recently become commonplace in politics, posing serious challenges to democratic integrity. The advancement of AI-enabled technology and machine learning has made creating synthetic videos relatively easy. This study explores the role of political brand hate and individual moral consciousness in influencing electorates' intention to share political deepfake content.

Design/methodology/approach

The study creates and uses a fictional deepfake video to test the proposed model. Data are collected from N = 310 respondents in India and tested using partial least square–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS v3.

Findings

The findings support that ideological incompatibility with the political party leads to political brand hate, positively affecting the electorates' intention to share political deepfake videos. This effect is partially mediated by users' reduced intention to verify political deepfake videos. In addition, it is observed that individual moral consciousness positively moderates the effect of political brand hate on the intention to share political deepfake videos. Intention to share political deepfake videos thus becomes a motive to seek revenge on the hated party, an expression of an individual's ideological hate and a means to preserve one's moral self-concept and strengthen their ideologies and moral beliefs.

Originality/value

The study expands the growing discussion about disseminating political deepfake videos using the theoretical lens of the negative consumer-brand relationship. It validates the effect of political brand hate on irrational behavior that is intended to cause harm to the hated party. Further, it provides a novel perspective that individual moral consciousness may fuel the haters' desire to engage in anti-branding behavior. Political ideological incompatibility reflects ethical reasons for brand hate. Therefore, hate among individuals with high moral consciousness serves to preserve their moral self.

Details

Internet Research, vol. 33 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1066-2243

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 May 2022

Audrey de Rancourt-Raymond and Nadia Smaili

The purpose of this study is to discuss the harmful use of deepfakes in an organizational context, based on the only two cases the authors found that were addressed by the media…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to discuss the harmful use of deepfakes in an organizational context, based on the only two cases the authors found that were addressed by the media from the perspective of corporate fraud. This study offers an overview of deepfake technology, and in particular, examines five W questions to better decipher the impact of these tools on organizations: What is deepfake? Who is the fraudster and who is targeted? Why use them and how? And What after? Based on these five W questions, this study provides an in-depth discussion of the two cases identified. Even though this technology has several advantages, this study examines its dark side.

Design/methodology/approach

Using comparative analysis, the authors study the only two known and publicized fraud cases by using deepfakes that have targeted chief executive officers to date.

Findings

The paper provides an extensive picture of the unethical and illicit use of deepfakes in an organizational context and discusses how this technology could affect fraud risk. In addition, the analysis of cases shows that voice-generating software, combined with other fraud schemes such as business email compromise, facilitates the commission of the fraud, as the victims feel confident because they recognize the speaker’s voice and emails. The analysis shows that any organization could be vulnerable to this technology. The median costs of this type of fraud can be high. For the two cases identified, the estimated losses amounted to US$243,000 and US$35,000,000, respectively.

Originality/value

This paper adds new insights to the scarce research on deepfakes and financial crime by investigating the causes and consequences of the unethical and illicit use of deepfakes. It has several implications for organizations, boards of directors, management and regulatory authorities.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 28 October 2019

Deepfake technology.

Details

DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB247351

ISSN: 2633-304X

Keywords

Geographic
Topical
Book part
Publication date: 25 March 2021

Kristjan Kikerpill, Andra Siibak and Suido Valli

Purpose: The study makes use of situational crime prevention framework for analyzing online community reactions to the banning of deepfake pornographic content from Reddit…

Abstract

Purpose: The study makes use of situational crime prevention framework for analyzing online community reactions to the banning of deepfake pornographic content from Reddit.

Methodology/approach: Qualitative text analysis of user comments posted to Reddit’s rule-change announcement (N = 582) was carried out. Analysis relied on the original 25 techniques of situational crime prevention that were adapted into a table of activities and mechanisms meant specifically for use with online platforms.

Findings: Analysis indicates that Reddit users voiced several shortcomings that are currently present in Reddit’s platform management approach. In particular, users emphasized issues related to the lack of a consistent and transparent approach to community rule enforcement, as users believed the rule changes to be sudden and poorly reasoned. The general reactionary nature of Reddit’s approach to moderating community-harming actions also was a point of emphasis, alongside the platform’s continued rigid stance on freedom of expression, even with regard to illegal and demeaning content. Regarding Reddit and the new rules on involuntary pornography and the sexualization of minors, enforcement of sitewide policy appears contingent on external influences, such as attention from mainstream media or financial matters, rather than stemming from an inherent stance on decreasing community-harming activities.

Research limitations: The study only pertains to a specific rule change by Reddit and subsequent reactions from the platform’s community. Future research is needed to test the applicability of the adapted table of 25 techniques of situational crime prevention in the context of other online platforms.

Originality/value: First, the study applies the situational crime prevention approach in the context of moderating online platforms. Second, results from the study shed light on current practices in online content moderation from the perspective of criminological theory, as well as inform specific actions that can be taken to decrease the presence of community-harming phenomena and improve the enforcement of sitewide policy rules in general. Finally, by adapting the original 25 techniques of situational crime prevention to online content moderation, the study suggests a tentative roadmap for similar research in the future.

Details

Theorizing Criminality and Policing in the Digital Media Age
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-112-4

Keywords

1 – 10 of 156