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1 – 10 of 55Grid computing has often been heralded as the next logical step after the worldwide web. Users of grids can access dynamic resources such as computer storage and use the computing…
Abstract
Purpose
Grid computing has often been heralded as the next logical step after the worldwide web. Users of grids can access dynamic resources such as computer storage and use the computing resources of computers under the umbrella of a virtual organisation. Although grid computing is often compared to the worldwide web, it is vastly more complex both in organisational and technical areas. This also extends into the area of security and incident response, where established academic computer security incident response teams (CSIRTs) face new challenges arising from the use of grids. This paper aims to outline some of the organisational and technical challenges encountered by the German academic CSIRT, DFN‐CERT while extending and adapting their services to grid environments during the D‐Grid project.
Design/methodology/approach
Most national research and education networks (NRENs) already have computer security incident response teams to respond to security incidents involving computers connected to the networks. This paper considers how one established NREN CSIRT is dealing with the new challenges arising from grid computing.
Findings
The paper finds that D‐Grid Initiative is an ongoing project and the establishment of CSIRT services for grids is still at an early stage. The establishment of communication channels to the various grid communities as well as gaining of knowledge about grid software has required DFN‐CERT to make changes even though the basic principles of CSIRT operation remain the same.
Originality/value
The D‐Grid project aims to establish a common grid infrastructure that can be used by other scientific domains. The project consists of six community projects and one integration project (DGI – D‐Grid Integration). The DGI project will develop the basic infrastructure, while the community projects will build on this infrastructure and enhance it for the specific needs of their research areas. At the initial stage of the DGI project, the idea of a central CSIRT for all grids in Germany was seen as an advantage over having a CSIRT for each grid project, which would have replicated efforts and thus wasted resources. This paper gives an overview about the organisational and technical challenges and experiences DFN‐CERT has encountered while setting up a CSIRT for the D‐Grid communities.
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This paper aims to explore the relationship between procedural, interpersonal, informational, and distributive justice and negotiator outcome satisfaction and desire for future…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the relationship between procedural, interpersonal, informational, and distributive justice and negotiator outcome satisfaction and desire for future negotiations (DFNs).
Design/methodology/approach
This research invokes and builds theories suggesting a link between perceptions of fair treatment and counterfactual generation. Data come from freely interacting negotiating dyads comprised of undergraduate students.
Findings
One's own outcomes obtained, procedural, informational, and distributive justice perceptions each uniquely predicted negotiator outcome satisfaction. Procedural and informational justice perceptions also indirectly affected outcome satisfaction through their effect on distributive justice perceptions. In turn, outcome satisfaction, and informational and interpersonal justice perceptions each uniquely predicted DFNs.
Research limitations/implications
While this study reveals an important set of effects for study, it is correlational in nature. Future research should experimentally manipulate fair treatment to provide a true experiment and should also test the proposed mediators.
Practical implications
This paper suggests that listening to the other party, treating him or her with respect and dignity, and explaining oneself can have powerful consequences for the other party's outcome satisfaction and DFNs. Each of these, in turn, can affect one's own long run well‐being.
Originality/value
This is the first empirical study linking procedural and informational justice perceptions and negotiator outcome satisfaction. It is one of the few studies exploring a unique relationship between outcome satisfaction and procedural justice and may be the only one doing so with interactional justice in any setting. It investigates the effects of perceived fair treatment among relative equals rather than in the context of superiors and subordinates.
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Soheil Mohajerani, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang, Seyed-Mohammad Esmaeil Jalali and Seyed Rahman Torabi
This study aims to develop an efficient algorithm for generation of conforming mesh for seepage analysis through 3D discrete fracture networks (DFN).
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop an efficient algorithm for generation of conforming mesh for seepage analysis through 3D discrete fracture networks (DFN).
Design/methodology/approach
The algorithm is developed based on a refined conforming Delaunay triangulation scheme, which is then validated using analytical solutions. The algorithm is well able to meet the challenge of meshing complex geometry of DFNs.
Findings
A series of sensitivity analysis have been performed to evaluate the effect of meshing parameters on steady state solution of Darcy flow using a finite element scheme. The results show that an optimized minimum internal angle of meshing elements should be predetermined to guarantee termination of the algorithm.
Originality/value
The developed algorithm is computationally efficient, fast and is of low cost. Furthermore, it never changes the geometrical structure and connectivity pattern of the DFN.
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Sohail R. Reddy, Matthias K. Scharrer, Franz Pichler, Daniel Watzenig and George S. Dulikravich
This paper aims to solve the parameter identification problem to estimate the parameters in electrochemical models of the lithium-ion battery.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to solve the parameter identification problem to estimate the parameters in electrochemical models of the lithium-ion battery.
Design/methodology/approach
The parameter estimation framework is applied to the Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) model containing a total of 44 parameters. The DFN model is fit to experimental data obtained through the cycling of Li-ion cells. The parameter estimation is performed by minimizing the least-squares difference between the experimentally measured and numerically computed voltage curves. The minimization is performed using a state-of-the-art hybrid minimization algorithm.
Findings
The DFN model parameter estimation is performed within 14 h, which is a significant improvement over previous works. The mean absolute error for the converged parameters is less than 7 mV.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, application of a hybrid optimization framework is new in the field of electrical modelling of lithium-ion cells. This approach saves much time in parameterization of models with a high number of parameters while achieving a high-quality fit.
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Wei Zhang, Peitong Cong, Kang Bian, Wei-Hai Yuan and Xichun Jia
Understanding the fluid flow through rock masses, which commonly consist of rock matrix and fractures, is a fundamental issue in many application areas of rock engineering. As the…
Abstract
Purpose
Understanding the fluid flow through rock masses, which commonly consist of rock matrix and fractures, is a fundamental issue in many application areas of rock engineering. As the equivalent porous medium approach is the dominant approach for engineering applications, it is of great significance to estimate the equivalent permeability tensor of rock masses. This study aims to develop a novel numerical approach to estimate the equivalent permeability tensor for fractured porous rock masses.
Design/methodology/approach
The radial point interpolation method (RPIM) and finite element method (FEM) are coupled to simulate the seepage flow in fractured porous rock masses. The rock matrix is modeled by the RPIM, and the fractures are modeled explicitly by the FEM. A procedure for numerical experiments is then designed to determinate the equivalent permeability tensor directly on the basis of Darcy’s law.
Findings
The coupled RPIM-FEM method is a reliable numerical method to analyze the seepage flow in fractured porous rock masses, which can consider simultaneously the influences of fractures and rock matrix. As the meshes of rock matrix and fracture network are generated separately without considering the topology relationship between them, the mesh generation process can be greatly facilitated. Using the proposed procedure for numerical experiments, which is designed directly on the basis of Darcy’s law, the representative elementary volume and equivalent permeability tensor of fractured porous rock masses can be identified conveniently.
Originality/value
A novel numerical approach to estimate the equivalent permeability tensor for fractured porous rock masses is proposed. In the approach, the RPIM and FEM are coupled to simulate the seepage flow in fractured porous rock masses, and then a numerical experiment procedure directly based on Darcy’s law is introduced to estimate the equivalent permeability tensor.
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Jill M. Purdy, Pete Nye and P.V. (Sundar) Balakrishnan
Our need to understand the impact of communication media on negotiation is growing as technological advances offer negotiators more communication options. As access to…
Abstract
Our need to understand the impact of communication media on negotiation is growing as technological advances offer negotiators more communication options. As access to technologies such as computer chat and videoconferencing increases, negotiators are choosing to use or to avoid these media without knowing the impact of their choices on negotiations. This research assesses objective and subjective negotiation outcomes, such as profit and outcome satisfaction, across four communication media with varying levels of media richness (face‐to‐face, videoconference, telephone, and computer‐mediated communication). A conceptual framework is offered to illustrate how media richness impacts objective and subjective outcomes. Results suggest that media richness affects required bargaining time, outcome satisfaction and the desire for future negotiation interaction. Thus, the communication media for negotiations should be chosen with care.
Fei Tong, Jie Yang, Meng Qiang Duan, Xu Fei Ma and Gao Chao Li
The purpose of this article is to understand the current research status and future development trends in the field of numerical simulation on rock mass grouting.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to understand the current research status and future development trends in the field of numerical simulation on rock mass grouting.
Design/methodology/approach
This article first searched the literature database (EI, Web of Science, CNKI, etc.) for keywords related to the numerical simulation of rock mass grouting to obtain the initial literature database. Then, from the initial database, several documents with strong relevance to the numerical simulation theme of rock mass grouting and high citation rate were selected; some documents from the references were selected as supplements, forming the sample database of this review study (a total of 90 articles). Finally, through sorting out the relationship among the literature, this literature review was carried out.
Findings
The numerical simulation of rock mass grouting is mainly based on the porous media model and the fractured media model. It has experienced the development process from Newtonian fluid to non-Newtonian fluid, from time-invariant viscosity to time-varying viscosity, and from generalized theoretical model to engineering application model. Based on this, this article summarizes four scientific problems that need to be solved in the future in this research field: the law of grout distribution at the cross fissures, the grout diffusion mechanism under multi-field coupling, more accurate grouting theoretical model and simulation technology with strong engineering applicability.
Originality/value
This research systematically analyzes the current research status and shortcomings of numerical simulation on rock mass grouting, summarizes four key issues in the future development of this research field and provides new ideas for the future research on numerical simulation on rock mass grouting.
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Finn Olav Sveen, Jose M. Sarriegi, Eliot Rich and Jose J. Gonzalez
This research paper aims to examine how incident‐reporting systems function and particularly how the steady growth of high‐priority incidents and the semi‐exponential growth of…
Abstract
Purpose
This research paper aims to examine how incident‐reporting systems function and particularly how the steady growth of high‐priority incidents and the semi‐exponential growth of low‐priority incidents affect reporting effectiveness. Social pressures that can affect low‐ and high‐priority incident‐reporting rates are also examined.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors reviewed the incident‐reporting system literature. As there are few studies of information security reporting systems, they also considered safety‐reporting systems. These have been in use for many years and much is known about them. Safety is used to “fill in the gaps”. The authors then constructed a system dynamics computer simulation model. The model is used to test how an incident‐reporting system reacts under different conditions.
Findings
Incident reporters face incentives and disincentives based on effects on through‐put but have limited knowledge of what is important to the organization's security. Even if a successful incident‐reporting policy is developed, the organization may become the victim of its own success, as a growing volume of reports put higher pressure on incident‐handling resources. Continuously hiring personnel is unsustainable. Continuously improving automated tools for incident response promises more leverage.
Research limitations/implications
The challenges in safety may not be the same as those in information security. However, the model does provide a starting‐point for further enquiries into information security reporting systems.
Originality/value
An examination of basic factors that affect information security reporting systems is provided. Four different policies are presented and examined through simulation scenarios.
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ELDO C. KOENIG and JAMES V. SCHULTZ
A mathematical analysis is made of a general logical discourse for the purpose of achieving a transfer of knowledge for any logical discourse from computer to man. There results…
Abstract
A mathematical analysis is made of a general logical discourse for the purpose of achieving a transfer of knowledge for any logical discourse from computer to man. There results an algorithm for structuring any logical discourse and a basis for the design of plans of interaction. In Part I, an analysis is made of a general logical discourse for establishing the sets and relations for the knowledge statements, for establishing the primitives that define a prerequisite graph, and for establishing the normal sequences for the principal statements. The use of the primitives is demonstrated in the construction of a prerequisite graph for an example logical discourse. In Part II (appearing in a subsequent issue) the analysis is continued for establishing other sequences, the primitives for a sequence graph, various plans for interaction, and the application to a common discourse.
Without doubt paint is a very complex system. After all, the two components responsible for the main properties are, by definition, incompatible. Pigment, hard, often highly…
Abstract
Without doubt paint is a very complex system. After all, the two components responsible for the main properties are, by definition, incompatible. Pigment, hard, often highly polar, just does not mix spontaneously with the soft, highly non‐polar binder. To overcome this problem, grinding procedures have been developed. It is difficult to imagine an even more complex system than solvent‐borne paints, yet there is: water‐borne paints. In water‐borne paints not only are the non‐miscible components binder and pigment combined, but also both are suspended in a medium which neither likes: water.