Search results

1 – 10 of 137
Article
Publication date: 31 December 2015

Mortaga Abou-Krisha, Fawzi Assaf, Omar Alduaij, Abdulrahman G Alshammari and Fatma El-Sheref

– The purpose of this study was to compare the electrodeposition behavior and corrosion resistance of ternary and binary alloys.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the electrodeposition behavior and corrosion resistance of ternary and binary alloys.

Design/methodology/approach

Potentiodynamic polarization resistance measurement and anodic linear sweep voltammetry techniques were used for the corrosion study. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the deposits were examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively. The phase structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Electrodeposition behavior was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic techniques.

Findings

It was found that the obtained ternary alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance and a more-preferred surface appearance compared to the binary alloys that were electrodeposited under similar conditions.

Research limitations/implications

The ternary alloy showed better anticorrosion properties compared to binary deposits that were electroplated successfully from the plating baths. The Zn-Co-Fe alloy could be used advantageously in industry because the ternary alloy exhibits the collective properties of the binary alloys in one alloy via the electrodeposition of Zn-Ni-Co alloy.

Social implications

Increasing the corrosion resistance implies to social economic increases.

Originality/value

To date, the electrodeposition of Zn-Co-Fe alloy was studied in only a small number of articles. It was found that the presence of Co or Fe could provide a useful coating on the steel that would reduce its susceptibility to corrosion attack.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 63 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 28 April 2020

Isra Rawashdeh1, Mohamed Ghazi Al-Fandi, Yahia Makableh and Tasneem Harahsha

The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of a simple electrochemical nanobiosensor for early detection of pancreatic cancer. The nanobiosensor uses the newly…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of a simple electrochemical nanobiosensor for early detection of pancreatic cancer. The nanobiosensor uses the newly emerged stable micro ribonucleic acid (miR-21) as a cancer-associated biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis or therapy response.

Design/methodology/approach

The biosensing practice consists of two main steps: capturing probe immobilization on a working electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles (MWCNTs-AuNPs) and then sensing the miR-21 interaction electrochemically. Two electrochemical techniques, atomic force microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, were applied for characterizations.

Findings

The nanobiosensor sensitivity exhibited satisfying results to miR-21 and demonstrated a wide dynamic range with a detection limit of just about 3.68 femtomolar using the source measure unit (SMU).

Originality/value

Researchers commonly use potentiostats to perform the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements for the electrochemical biosensing applications. In this study, the SMU was used to perform the DPV to detect the biomarker miR-21 using the MWCNTs-AuNPs screen-printed electrode as the electrochemical system.

Article
Publication date: 2 February 2015

Linxian Ji, Chong Wang, Shouxu Wang, Wei He, Dingjun Xiao and Ze Tan

The purpose of this paper is to optimize experimental parameters and gain further insights into the plating process in the fabrication of high-density interconnections of printed…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to optimize experimental parameters and gain further insights into the plating process in the fabrication of high-density interconnections of printed circuit boards (PCBs) by the rotating disc electrode (RDE) model. Via metallization by copper electrodeposition for interconnection of PCBs has become increasingly important. In this metallization technique, copper is directly filled into the vias using special additives. To investigate electrochemical reaction mechanisms of electrodeposition in aqueous solutions, using experiments on an RDE is common practice.

Design/methodology/approach

An electrochemical model is presented to describe the kinetics of copper electrodeposition on an RDE, which builds a bridge between the theoretical and experimental study for non-uniform copper electrodeposition in PCB manufacturing. Comsol Multiphysics, a multiphysics simulation platform, is invited to modeling flow field and potential distribution based on a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric physical modeling. The flow pattern in the electrolyte is determined by the 2D Navier–Stokes equations. Primary, secondary and tertiary current distributions are performed by the finite element method of multiphysics coupling.

Findings

The ion concentration gradient near the cathode and the thickness of the diffusion layer under different rotating velocities are achieved by the finite element method of multiphysics coupling. The calculated concentration and boundary layer thicknesses agree well with those from the theoretical Levich equation. The effect of fluid flow on the current distribution over the electrode surface is also investigated in this model. The results reveal the impact of flow parameters on the current density distribution and thickness of plating layer, which are most concerned in the production of PCBs.

Originality/value

By RDE electrochemical model, we build a bridge between the theoretical and experimental study for control of uniformity of plating layer by concentration boundary layer in PCB manufacturing. By means of a multiphysics coupling platform, we can accurately analyze and forecast the characteristic of the entire electrochemical system. These results reveal theoretical connections of current density distribution and plating thickness, with controlled parameters in the plating process to further help us comprehensively understand the mechanism of copper electrodeposition.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 24 October 2021

Mulayam Singh Gaur, Rajni Yadav, Mamta Kushwah and Anna Nikolaevna Berlina

This information will be useful in the selection of materials and technology for the detection and removal of mercury ions at a low cost and with high sensitivity and selectivity…

124

Abstract

Purpose

This information will be useful in the selection of materials and technology for the detection and removal of mercury ions at a low cost and with high sensitivity and selectivity. The purpose of this study is to provide the useful information for selection of materials and technology to detect and remove the mercury ions from water with high sensitivity and selectivity. The purpose of this study is to provide the useful information for selection of materials and technology to detect and remove the mercury ions from water with high sensitivity and selectivity.

Design/methodology/approach

Different nano- and bio-materials allowed for the development of a variety of biosensors – colorimetric, chemiluminescent, electrochemical, whole-cell and aptasensors – are described. The materials used for their development also make it possible to use them in removing heavy metals, which are toxic contaminants, from environmental water samples.

Findings

This review focuses on different technologies, tools and materials for mercury (heavy metals) detection and remediation to environmental samples.

Originality/value

This review gives up-to-date and systemic information on modern nanotechnology methods for heavy metal detection. Different recognition molecules and nanomaterials have been discussed for remediation to water samples. The present review may provide valuable information to researchers regarding novel mercury ions detection sensors and encourage them for further research/development.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 41 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 January 2018

L.M. Quej-Ake and A. Contreras

The purpose of this work is to study the corrosion rate of X52 pipeline steel exposed to three types of soils collected in Campeche State in México. The electrochemical evaluation…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work is to study the corrosion rate of X52 pipeline steel exposed to three types of soils collected in Campeche State in México. The electrochemical evaluation for X52 steel exposed to soils ranging from saturated soil until dry conditions was carried out for a period of 21 days. Owing to its versatility to study the steel corrosion process exposed to different types of soils, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and cyclic voltammetry tests were performed. Additionally, optical and electronic microscopy observations of the steel surface were carried out.

Design/methodology/approach

Electrochemical cell arrangement was described elsewhere (Quej-Ake et al., 2014). Owing to soil being an electrolytic system with high resistivity and impedance, all electrodes were placed as close as possible, and iR-drop compensation was taken into account using two rods of graphite as an auxiliary electrode. In addition, the conductivity of the soil (Rs) obtained from EIS was used to correct the potential of the working electrode according to iR-drop, and an analysis of ohmic drop from the polarization curves was carried out.

Findings

Saturated conditions of the three soils were initially considered as the most corrosive conditions for X52 steel surface. Finally, 21 days of immersion time was taken into account as the more drastic condition. So, according to results, X52 steel exposed to beach sand was more susceptible to the corrosion process (0.092 mm/year). iR corrected was negligible at low over-potentials region in saturated soils, which is inside the linear region of Tafel or the activation region. In addition, high cathodic peak potential value obtained from cyclic voltammetry for X52 steel exposed to saturated soil may be attributed to hydrogen evolution reaction and neutral pH.

Research limitations/implications

The paper has implications for research. It bridges the gap between theory and practice.

Originality/value

Cyclic voltammetry is a really important tool for the electrochemical analysis of the pipeline steel surface exposed to saturated soils, but is not adequate for analysis of steel exposed to dried soils. In addition, the physicochemical results show that fissures, voids and extra-oxygen presence could also affect the electrochemical responses obtained for X52 steel exposed to soils.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 65 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 September 2021

Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir, Revathy Deivasigamani, Muhammad Khairulanwar Abdul Rahim, Siti Nur Ashakirin Mohd Nashruddin, Azrul Azlan Hamzah, M. Farhanulhakim M. Razip Wee and Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong

The purpose of this paper is to visualize protein manipulation using dielectrophoresis (DEP) as a substantial perspective on being an effective protein analysis and biosensor…

81

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to visualize protein manipulation using dielectrophoresis (DEP) as a substantial perspective on being an effective protein analysis and biosensor method as DEP is able to be used as a means for manipulation, fractionation, pre-concentration and separation. This research aims to quantify DEP using an electrochemical technique known as cyclic voltammetry (CV), as albumin is non-visible without any fluorescent probe or dye.

Design/methodology/approach

The principles of DEP were generated by an electric field on tapered DEP microelectrodes. The principle of CV was analysed using different concentrations of albumin on a screen-printed carbon electrode. Using preliminary data from both DEP and CV methods as a future prospect for the integration of both techniques to do electrical quantification of DEP forces.

Findings

The size of the albumin is known to be 0.027 µm. Engineered polystyrene particle of size 0.05 µm was selected to mimic the DEP actuation of albumin. Positive DEP of the sample engineered polystyrene particle was able to be visualized clearly at 10 MHz supplied with 20 Vpp. However, negative DEP was not able to be visualized because of the limitation of the apparatus. However, albumin was not able to be visualized under the fluorescent microscope because of its translucent properties. Thus, a method of electrical quantification known as the CV technique is used. The detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) using the CV method is successful. As the concentration of BSA increases, the peak current obtained from the voltammogram decreases. The peak current can be an indicator of DEP response as it correlates to the adsorption of the protein onto the electrodes. The importance of the results from both CV and DEP shows that the integration of both techniques is possible.

Originality/value

The integration of both methods could give rise to a new technique with precision to be implemented into the dialyzers used in renal haemodialysis treatment for manipulation and sensing of protein albumin.

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1986

The Accrington Brick & Tile Co Ltd. It will be unusual to find a brick manufacturer exhibiting at the UK Corrosion Exhibition. But, The Accrington Brick & Tile Co Ltd is no…

Abstract

The Accrington Brick & Tile Co Ltd. It will be unusual to find a brick manufacturer exhibiting at the UK Corrosion Exhibition. But, The Accrington Brick & Tile Co Ltd is no ordinary brick maker. Its speciality is the design and manufacture of chemical resistant bricks, tiles, paver and other components including purpose‐made linings.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 33 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Article
Publication date: 22 June 2012

M.M. Abou‐Krisha, F.H. Assaf, M. Khodari and E.M. Elkady

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion resistance and the electrodeposition behavior of electrodeposited nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloys. Also, to compare the…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion resistance and the electrodeposition behavior of electrodeposited nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloys. Also, to compare the electrodeposition of ternary nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloy from acidic sulfate bath onto a steel substrate with the characteristics of Co‐Fe electrodeposits.

Design/methodology/approach

The investigation of electrodeposition was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic techniques, while potentiodynamic polarization resistance and anodic linear sweep voltammetry techniques were used for corrosion study. The phase structure was characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the deposits were examined by using scanning electron microscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively.

Findings

The obtained results revealed that the Ni‐Co‐Fe alloys consisted of a mixture of iron (Fe10.8Ni) and (FeCo) phases. It was found that the obtained Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy exhibited a more‐preferred surface appearance and better corrosion resistance, compared to the Co‐Fe alloy that was electrodeposited under similar conditions.

Practical implications

Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy was successfully electroplated from a sulfate bath. This alloy showed better anticorrosion properties compared to Co‐Fe deposits. The Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy could be used advantageously in industry, e.g. the automotive industry. The coating also has particular interest due to it is ability to exhibit stable magnetic properties.

Originality/value

The paper evaluates the effect of electrodeposition of the ternary alloy on the corrosion behavior of electroplated steel. To date, there has been little research on this issue. It was found that the presence of Ni could increase the corrosion resistance of steel.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 59 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

Karen Twomey and Killan Murphy

The purpose of this paper is to describe the packaging and operation of an electronic tongue sensor. The sensor will be used in an industrial setting and the packaging needs to…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe the packaging and operation of an electronic tongue sensor. The sensor will be used in an industrial setting and the packaging needs to withstand the harsh clean‐in‐place (CIP) routines that are commonly employed. A suitable epoxy, Loctite FP4450 HYSOL, was identified from a number of packaging materials. The sensor was validated by carrying out cyclic voltammetry in a number of reference solutions including sulphuric acid solution and ferrocyanide in potassium chloride solution, which gave well‐defined reduction and oxidation peaks that could be compared with the literature. The operation of the sensor in mixtures of salt and citric acid solutions was also investigated and it was seen that by applying a carefully selected voltage window and scan rate to each electrode, the sensor could distinguish between the different mixtures. Further experimentation and the application of principle component analysis have shown the sensor to have good repeatability.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper concentrates on the ability of the sensor packaging to withstand a typical industrial CIP procedure. A number of packaging materials are investigated. In addition, the operation of the sensor has been investigated by using cyclic voltammetry.

Findings

One successful packaging material is Loctite 9461A&B HYSOL. Poly ether ether ketone also performs well after repeated CIP exposure. For ease of manufacture, Loctite FP4450 HYSOL is the epoxy of choice. An extensive matrix of test solutions was prepared from salt and citric acid powders. The aim was to investigate the sensor's ability to distinguish between increasing concentration levels of salt and citric acid and also to investigate how the sensor operates in mixtures of the solutions. By carefully choosing the applied voltage window and scan rate, the electrodes can distinguish between the mixtures

Originality/value

This research work has highlighted a robust packaging material to withstand industrial CIP procedures.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 26 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 March 2018

Ilhem Ghodbane, Rochdi Kherrrat, Saida Zougar, Rim Lamari, Redouane Haddadji and Mohamed Saleh Medjram

The purpose of this work is to explore electrical properties of an electrochemical sensor designed for the detection of malachite green (MG) present in an aqueous solution.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work is to explore electrical properties of an electrochemical sensor designed for the detection of malachite green (MG) present in an aqueous solution.

Design/methodology/approach

The present sensor consists in the spatial coupling of a polymeric membrane and an ion-sensitive electrode (platinum electrode). The preparation of the polymeric membrane involves the incorporation of an ionophore (D2HPA), a polymer (polyvinylchloride [PVC]) and a plasticizer (dioctyl phthalate [DOP]). Several techniques have been used to characterize this sensor: the cyclic voltammetry, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the optical microscopy. The sensibility, the selectivity and the kinetic study of a modified platinum electrode have been evaluated by cyclic voltammetry.

Findings

The obtained results reveal the possibility of a linear relationship between the current of reduction peaks and MG concentration. A linear response was obtained in a wide-concentration range that stretches from 10−5 to 10−13 mol L−1, with a good correlation coefficient (0.976) and a good detection limit of 5.74 × 10−14 mol L−1 (a signal-to-noise ratio of 3). In addition, the voltammetric response of modified electrode can be enhanced by adding a layer of Nafion membrane. Under this optimal condition, a linear relationship was obtained, with a correlation coefficient of 0.986 and a detection limit of 1.92 × 10−18 mol L−1.

Originality/value

In the present research, a convenient, inexpensive and reproducible method for the detection of MG was developed. The developed sensor is capable of competing against the conventional techniques in terms of speed, stability and economy.

1 – 10 of 137