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Article
Publication date: 26 July 2021

Haobo Yu, Zimo Li, Yeyin Xia, Yameng Qi, Yingchao Li, Qiaoping Liu and Changfeng Chen

This paper aims to investigate the anti-biocorrosion performance and mechanism of the Cu-bearing carbon steel in the environment containing sulfate-reducing bacterial (SRB).

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the anti-biocorrosion performance and mechanism of the Cu-bearing carbon steel in the environment containing sulfate-reducing bacterial (SRB).

Design/methodology/approach

The biocorrosion behavior of specimens with Cu concentration of 0 Wt.%, 0.1 Wt.%, 0.3 Wt.% and 0.6 Wt.% were investigated by immersion test in SRB solution. By examining the prepared cross-section of the biofilm using focused ion beam microscopy, SRB distribution, bacterial morphology, biofilm structure and composition were determined. The ion selectivity of the biofilm was also obtained by membrane potential measurement. Moreover, the anti-biocorrosion performance of the Cu-bearing carbon steel pipeline was tested in a shale gas field in Chongqing, China.

Findings

Both the results of the laboratory test and shale gas field test indicate that Cu-bearing carbon steel possesses obvious resistance to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The SRB, corrosion rate and pitting depth decreased dramatically with Cu concentration in the substrate. The local acidification caused by hydrolyze of ferric ion coming from SRB metabolism and furtherly aggravated by anion selectivity biofilm promoted the pitting corrosion. Anti-biocorrosion of Cu-bearing carbon steel was attributed to the accumulation of Cu compounds in the biofilm and the weaker anion selectivity of the biofilm. This research results provide an approach to the development of economical antibacterial metallic material.

Originality/value

MIC occurs extensively and has become one of the most frequent reasons for corrosion-induced failure in the oil and gas industry. In this study, Cu-bearing carbon steel was obtained by Cu addition in carbon steel and possessed excellent anti-biocorrosion property both in the laboratory and shale gas field. This study provides an approach to the development of an economical antibacterial carbon steel pipeline to resist MIC.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 68 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 September 2019

Yong Zhou, Pei Zhang, Jinping Xiong and Fuan Yan

A chromate conversion coating was prepared on the surface of bare AA2024 aluminum alloy by direct immersion in the chromating treatment bath, and the corrosion behavior of…

Abstract

Purpose

A chromate conversion coating was prepared on the surface of bare AA2024 aluminum alloy by direct immersion in the chromating treatment bath, and the corrosion behavior of chromated AA2024 aluminum alloy in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution was studied by electrochemical measurement and microstructural observation.

Design/methodology/approach

According to the polarization curve test and the scanning electron microscope observation, the corrosion evolution of chromated AA2024 in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution was divided into the following three stages: coating failure, pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion (IGC).

Findings

In the first stage, the chromate coating degraded gradually due to the combined action of chloride anions and water molecules, resulting in the complete exposure of AA2024 substrate to 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. Subsequently, in the second stage, chloride anions adsorbed at the sites of θ phase (Al2Cu) and S phase (Al2CuMg) on the AA2024 surface preferentially, and some corrosion pits initiated at the above two sites and propagated towards the deep of crystal grains. However, the propagation of a pit terminated when the pit front arrived at the adjacent grain boundary, where the initiation of IGC occurred.

Originality/value

Finally, in the third stage, the corrosion proceeded along the continuous grain boundary net and penetrated the internal of AA2024 substrate, resulting in the propagation of IGC. The related corrosion mechanisms for the bare and the chromated AA2024 were also discussed.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 66 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 September 2021

Zhong Li, Qing Lei, Luyao Huang and Chao Liu

Low-alloy structural steels (LASS) face severe microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in their service environments. To mitigate this issue, Cu is often used as an alloying…

Abstract

Purpose

Low-alloy structural steels (LASS) face severe microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in their service environments. To mitigate this issue, Cu is often used as an alloying element owing to its intrinsic antimicrobial activity. However, the antibacterial performance and biofilm resistance of Cu-containing LASS (Cu-LASS) are still unclear. This study aims to analyze the effect of Cu addition to 420 MP LASS on its MIC by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.

Design/methodology/approach

Scanning electron microscope, confocal laser scanning microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface morphology and composition of corrosion products. The antibacterial activities of Cu-LASS were analyzed by the spread-plate method. In addition, electrochemical analysis was conducted to characterize the corrosion behavior of the produced alloy.

Findings

Bacterial analysis and morphological observation confirmed a reduced sessile cell count and inactivation of the P. aeruginosa biofilm on the surface of Cu-LASS coupons. Electrochemical measurements showed that Cu-LASS exhibited large polarization and charge-transfer resistances, which indicated excellent MIC resistance. This significantly enhanced resistance to MIC could be explained by the synergistic effect of released Cu2+ from the Cu-LASS surface and immediate contact to Cu-rich phase in the surface and the release of Cu2+ ions from the Cu-LASS surface.

Originality/value

The effect of Cu addition on the MIC resistance and antibacterial performance of LASS is seldom reported. It is necessary to investigate the corrosion resistance of Cu-LASS and clarify its antibacterial mechanism. This paper fulfills this need.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 68 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 2004

Tadashi Takemoto, Takashi Uetani and Morio Yamazaki

The dissolution rates of iron and alloyed steels in molten lead‐free solders were investigated in order to clarify the effect of erosion of iron plating on soldering iron tips…

Abstract

The dissolution rates of iron and alloyed steels in molten lead‐free solders were investigated in order to clarify the effect of erosion of iron plating on soldering iron tips. The dissolution rates of iron‐based alloys in lead‐free solders were found to be about three times greater than in conventional Sn‐Pb eutectics, indicating that the iron plating of a soldering iron tip is subjected to heavier damage when used with lead‐free rather than eutectic Sn‐Pb. Several steel alloys showed dissolution rates similar to that of pure iron, suggesting that compositional changes in the iron plating may have little influence on the erosion depth. Decreases in the reaction temperature and time, and a small addition of iron into the solder was found to be effective in suppressing both dissolution of iron wire and erosion of iron plating.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 November 2020

Haoyue Zhang, Luqi Chang, Hongwei Zhang, Junyan Li, Zijiang Yang, Bingxuan Qiao, Zhenjiang Zhao, Chaofang Dong and Kai Zhang

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.

Design/methodology/approach

The microstructure, mechanical behavior and corrosion resistance of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel were studied by electrochemical test and immersion experiment.

Findings

The results showed that the microstructure of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel contained equiaxed fine (25.0 µm) ferrite and lamellar pearlite. The tensile strength of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel under the process parameters is 1,447 MPa and the elongation is 7.5%. As the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 15 days/48 h, corrosion mainly occurred in the local position of the sample and corrosion resistance decreased. When the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 30 days/168 h, the corrosion production covered the surface of the samples and the corrosion resistance increased.

Originality/value

The paper can guide the application and in situ repair for low-alloy steel by additive manufacturing.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 67 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 May 2021

Kechen Lv, Xinyu Yang, Tangqing Wu, Song Xu, Lanlan Liu, Lin Sun and Xinming Wang

High-silicon chromium iron (HSCI) has been used in ground grids in southern China, while there was a lack of study on its corrosion behavior in this soil environment. The purpose…

Abstract

Purpose

High-silicon chromium iron (HSCI) has been used in ground grids in southern China, while there was a lack of study on its corrosion behavior in this soil environment. The purpose of this paper is to discover the corrosion of HSCI in acidic and alkaline soil solutions.

Design/methodology/approach

The original defects on the HSCI surface were observed using optical microscopy, and the corrosion behavior of the HSCI in the acidic and alkaline soil solutions were jointly detected using electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer.

Findings

The results showed the corrosion rates of the HSCI in the acidic and alkaline soil solutions were limited, and the high contents of Cr and Si in matrix was responsible for its high corrosion resistance. The HSCI showed a similar corrosion tendency in the two solutions, while its corrosion rate in the acid soil solution was higher than that in the alkaline soil solution. The corrosion pits on the specimen surface were originated from the original defects in matrix, and the edges of the corrosion pits were more rounded than the original defects after 720 h immersion in the two solutions. The original defects in the HSCI matrix played a significant role in the corrosion process.

Originality/value

The paper discovered the corrosion evolution of HSCI in the acidic and alkaline soil solutions. What is more, the acceleration role of the original defects on the corrosion of the HSCI in the acidic and alkaline soil solutions was discovered in the paper. The results are beneficial for the material selection of ground grid equipment in engineering.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 68 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 June 2022

Chengchang Niu, Shiqing Deng, Yu Yan, Leigang Wu, Ran Tao and Jun Chen

The purpose of this paper is to fill the knowledge gap in the microscopic origin of high corrosion resistance in the passivated 316 L stainless steel.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to fill the knowledge gap in the microscopic origin of high corrosion resistance in the passivated 316 L stainless steel.

Design/methodology/approach

Here, the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel is measured, as well as the non-passivated one. Using the aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure of the passive film is unambiguously revealed. Combining the electron energy loss spectroscopy with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the depth profiling analysis is conducted and the variations in composition from the very surface of the passive film to the internal steel are clarified.

Findings

By optimizing the passivation treatment process, the authors significantly increase the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel by 300 mV, compared with the non-passivated one. The passive film features a unique amorphous multilayer structure. On the basis of the depth profiling analysis, the origin of the high corrosion resistance achieved is unraveled, in which the redistribution of elements in the multilayer passive film, especially the enrichment of Cr in the topmost layer and Ni at the film-metal interface, prevent the oxidization of the inner iron of the steel.

Originality/value

This study advances understanding of the nature of the passive film from a microscopic view, which can be helpful for the further improvement of the corrosion resistance performance.

Graphical Abstract

This study introduces a model for the multilayer structure of passive films that reveals the reconstitution of the passive films after the opportune passivation treatments. Due to the redistribution of elements caused by passivation, the enrichment of Cr in the outer layer and Ni near the film-metal interface leads to enhance corrosion resistance performance.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 69 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

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