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The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the regulations and public policies for the universalization of telecommunications services taken by OECD countries and by Brazil.

This analysis was mainly based on OECD reports, on the legislation of the Brazilian telecommunication sector and on scientific articles and news related to the theme.

In accordance with the initiatives taken by OECD countries and with recent innovations arising from next generation networks, mainly based on internet protocols platforms, Brazil has also included broadband services in its universalization regulatory agenda. At the same time, the country has established several public programs aimed at expanding access to those services.

Nevertheless, it is pointed out that there are still many challenges to an increase in Brazilian broadband penetration rates.

Therefore, it is suggested that, in Brazil's case, some of these problems could be overcome through a direct government intervention in association with competition and industrial policies.

The paper emphasizes that, although in line with the regulatory measures taken by developed countries, Brazilian telecom policies must be adapted taking into consideration the idiosyncrasies of this underdeveloped country.