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THE DONCASTER Technical High School caters for the needs of intelligent boys with practical interests. Experience shows that a substantial majority of these boys become applied scientists of some kind, either as technologists or technicians, whilst the number taking up trade apprenticeships continues to fall. We consider that, for such boys, the acquisition of skill is secondary to the use of craftwork as a means of intellectual development, and that there should be a close correlation between school craftwork and science and mathematics.

The relationship between science and craftwork in selective schools is a rapidly changing one. The position before World War Two was bad — very few grammar schools bothered with crafts save in junior forms and C and D streams. In the junior technical schools a generous allocation of time was made — in 1934 out of 30 hours teaching time per week, four hours 20 minutes were spent on science, four hours 20 minutes on engineering and drawing, three hours on woodwork, and three hours on metalwork. Unemployment in the teaching profession and elsewhere was so severe that graduates with 1st and 2nd class honours degrees eagerly sought appointments on the staff. Moreover, the economic depression deprived many able boys of the chance of an extended grammar school education and these were attracted to the shorter intensive courses in the junior technical schools. In consequence the schools achieved high standards in both written and practical work.

The paper ethnographically explores modes of urban resistance emerging in tandem with climate change mitigation programs in Copenhagen.

Building on 11 months of fieldwork with a Danish construction enterprise, the paper examines the politics of urban climate change mitigation programs through the lens of a group of builders' struggles to rethink and resolve dilemmas related to environmental concerns in construction and urban development.

Based on an analysis of a specific construction project connected to a larger urban climate change mitigation program in Copenhagen, the paper shows how the builders deliberately move between different perspectives and positions as they navigate the shifting power relations of urban planning. The paper argues that this form of crafty resistance enables the builders to maneuver the political landscape of urban planning as they seek to appropriate the role of “urban planners” themselves.

Taking up recent discussions of “resistance” in anthropology and cognate disciplines (e.g. Theodossopoulos, 2014; Bhungalia, 2020; Prasse-Freeman, 2020), the paper contributes an ethnographic analysis of struggles between diverging and, at times, competing modes of engagement in urban climate change mitigation programs and thus sheds light on how professional actors negotiate the ambiguity of “sustainability” in urban planning.

Uses the example of a craftworker to illustrate high quality production and to emphasize the essential elements in such a process of being customer‐focused, having customized products, work conducted as an integrated whole, personalized by the individual and with the application of continuous improvement. Draws on and discusses the work of Juran and others in consideration of the transition from the skilled craftsperson to mass production and the effect on quality. Parallels factory work and the delivery of health care and concludes that poorly designed processes doom many health‐care workers to perpetual frustration. Equates health‐care workers – physicians, nurses and technicians – with craftworkers who wish to provide a quality service containing all those elements listed above.

The purpose of this paper is to draw on concepts from the creative economy literature to present a proposal for conceptualizing the creative industries from the perspective of the ideas underlying the concepts of industrial districts and the triple helix. The analysis lays out the foundations with a review of the literature on the creative economy and builds upon them with the terminology of creative industries and industrial districts.

The analysis lays out the foundations with a review of the literature on the creative economy and builds upon them with the terminology of creative industries and industrial districts. A three-dimensional representation is developed, from a perspective in which the three dimensions comprise university, creative industries and government, combined with seven underlying factors that define the archetypal framework from the perspective of the creative economy of the region's handcrafts.

Working from the principal of an analysis of underlying factors, the paper presents an ethnographic study of the potentials and obstacles present in the handcrafts sector and delineates the work that remains to be done to enable construction of a creative economy.

A prominent possibility based on the ethnographic study of the potentials listed, the creative economy of the handicraft sector is underexplored in the Amazon. Based on the Amazon heritage of the people in the Alto Solimões region, future prospects such as establishment of guilds, clusters and internationalization of production in a tourism association represent sui generis potentials for the economic development of the Alto Solimões region of the Brazilian Amazon.

THERE is far too much talk and writing about book expenditure per authority or per 1,000 of population, which frankly does not get one very far. What matters is what books you buy or do not buy. I have picked, quite at random, one copy of the British National Bibliography, for May 7th, 1958, and made a list of all the books which I think every library authority ought to have, whether large or small, industrial, rural or urban. These titles would meet the needs of the inhabitants of any community and enlarge their vision, give them the materials for attempting an understanding of the world and its problems, arts and sciences, and enable them to improve their abilities and skills, and fit themselves physically, mentally and morally to be useful citizens. It sounds pompous, I know, but that is what we are trying to do. Here is part of the list: Irwin: Origins of the English Library. Jung: Undiscovered Self (a world famous psychologist on social problems). Mackenzie: Free Elections (textbook on matters of interest to all citizens). Finer: Anonymous Empire (lobbying, its faults and virtues). Roberts: Trade Union Congress. Pollard: Problem of Divorce. Stengel: Attempted Suicide. Railway Magazine Miscellany. Dunn: Teach Yourself Japanese. Trustram: Classbook of Arithmetic and Trigonometry. Calder: Electricity Grows Up. Morley and Hughes: Elementary Engineering Science (a standard work). Powell: Physics, Vol. 2 (textbook for National Certificate students). Bowen: Exploration of Time. Brown: How to Make a Home Nature Museum. Leithauser: Inventors of Our World. Meares and Neale: Electrical Engineering Practice. Lamberment and Pirie: Helicopters and Autogyros of the World. Spicer and Pegler: Practical Book‐keeping. Luker: School Craftwork in Wood. Goff: Further Guide to Long Play. Clark: Royal Albert Hall. Graveney: Cricket Through the Covers. Swift: Collected Poems. Bolt: Flowering Cherry. Austen: The Watsons. Hobbs: Maps and Regions. Richie: Hampshire Coastways. Winch: Introducing Germany. Cooper: Rainbow Comes and Goes. Cope: Florence Nightingale and the Doctors. Hudson: Sir Joshua Reynolds. Pitt: Zeebrugge. Cowles: Phantom Major. Grinnell‐Milne: Silent Victory. Pollock: Jervis Bay. Then add on some half‐a‐dozen novels.

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how self‐employed craft producers are embedded in social relationships.

To explore this question, narrative analysis and case study methodology is employed.

It is found that despite doing work that speaks to local values, self‐employed craft producers in Newfoundland narrate tensions that exist between themselves and locals.

This paper takes on the notion of a “global village” where the local is no longer seen as important to work and labour. It contributes to the understanding of work as embedded within a place.

The primacy of commerce in livelihood security cannot be overstated. However, in a rural context defined by involuntary socio-ecological displacement, commerce can assume a sociologically distinct character, with far-reaching implications. Based on first-hand encounters with victims of the devastating 2014 flood in Tokwe-Mukorsi, Zimbabwe, this paper analyses how the processes of “recreating” village markets in the resettlement site of Chingwizi impacted the victims’ experiences of resource provisioning and livelihood security.

Qualitative data were collected through 10 in-depth interviews, 10 key informant interviews and two focus group discussions, five years into the flood victims’ resettlement in Chingwizi. The data analysis focused on the dynamics around the recreation of village markets, and the consequences of this on the household economic standing of the resettled flood victims.

The paper reveals how the formation of village markets in Chingwizi was influenced not primarily by the ethno-commercial and ethno-economic impulses reminiscent of life in their ancestral home but mostly by new, disruptive dynamics and challenges unique to the resettlement site. The paper elucidates the constellation of factors that, together, exacerbated the flood victims’ overall socio-economic dislocation and disadvantage.

The study provides a systematic understanding of the dynamics of ethno-commerce, particularly on the evolution of village market activities and livelihoods, among Zimbabwe’s Chingwizi community over a period of five years into their resettlement. It brings to the fore, the often ignored, but significant nuances that 'village market' formation and livelihoods recreation takes in a resettlement context.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2023-0682

The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of market knowledge embodied in sales outlet management and in particular to investigate in a static way the role of cognitive sources in relation, to the structural characters of the retail enterprise and its sales outlet on the one hand (the latter understood as a commercial product), and to performance (expressed as revenue achieved by the sales outlet) on the other hand.

The survey and the results presented in the paper were carried out by administering a structured questionnaire to a sample of over 800 sales outlets located in the historical town centres of Florence and Prato and surrounding areas. This method analyzed the relations between the structural characters of the retail enterprise and the sales outlet, and also the relations with cognitive sources expressed in terms of activities, enterprise behaviour and performance. The theoretical model of reference tested is based on the relation between structural character, behaviour and performance.

The analysis demonstrates the presence of an association between cognitive sources and sales outlet performance values in the sample analysed. In particular a relation was observed between performance and event organizing and relative level of perception, and also between performance and importance attributed to the satisfaction questionnaire. This phenomenon can be interpreted as a tendency towards qualitative growth of the sales outlet, associated with awareness of the need to resort to alternative and complementary cognitive sources in order to become more competitive.

These first results are not absolute, but will be subjected in forthcoming research to verification and in‐depth examination.

The paper proposes an interpretive model that could be adopted by managers to improve the use of market knowledge in outlet management.

This paper presents a valid model that will be interesting to both managers and academic researchers.

This paper critically examines the marketing of fair trade, arguing that the use of the term producer conflates a number of categories of actors, not all of whom benefit equally. The authors contend that the two existing archetypes – the noble peasant farmer and the independent artisan – and the emerging archetype of the “empowered decision maker” serve to obscure and mask complex labour relationships.

This conceptual paper draws on a wide range of literature and original fieldwork conducted by the authors to illustrate the three marketing archetypes in the fair trade value chain.

Hidden behind the three dominant archetypes used to promote fair trade is a relationship between fair trade “producers” (small farmer, craft enterprise and plantations) and permanent and temporary/casual labourers. The trickle‐down of fair trade benefits to these workers is uneven at best and falls far short of the expectation of empowerment of all “producers” that fair trade promises.

The fair trade project must look beyond the simple archetypes to engage more deeply with labour issues in the fair trade value chain, and to re‐engage with fair trade as a development strategy through which broader and more complex forms of empowerment can be realised.

Fair trade standards are not a substitute for organised labour's activities. Interactions between trade unions and fair trade bodies could ensure that existing labour standards are met, and improvements in the lives of all workers can occur.

This paper conceptualises three fair trade mainstream marketing archetypes and suggests why and how the fair trade movement must move beyond these to ensure empowerment amongst its least well‐off stakeholders.