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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic unprecedentedly shocks the market. Little is known about the impact of COVID-19 on brand engagement across country-of-origin (COO) and country-of-market (COM). To address the gap, this study examines how the spread of the COVID-19 affects consumer brand engagement on social media for global brands through the mechanisms of the COO and consumer animosity.

The authors collect consumer engagement activity data from Facebook for eight global smartphone brands and match it with the COVID-19 statistics. Ordinary least square (OLS) models are used to estimate the impact on global brands brought by the spread of the COVID-19.

The results show that consumer brand engagement decreases for all brands in a COM as the number of confirmed COVID-19 new cases increases in the COM. Consumer brand engagement decreases for a brand across all COM as the number of confirmed COVID-19 new cases increases in the brand’s COO. If a brand’s COO is imputed for the pandemic, its consumer brand engagement will receive additional negative impacts across all COM.

This study enriches the COO literature by showing how the spread of a pandemic affects consumer brand engagement via COO and discovers the moderating role of consumer animosity.

The aim of this paper is to explore the inward internationalization process of consumer services. It also aims to conduct a review of the service internationalization literature and use the resource‐based view of the firm as a theoretical approach.

Case study methodology is used to explore the internationalization process of five different consumer service sectors: tourism, education, accommodation, transport and entertainment. The main data collection method was interviews conducted with top managers of 12 Australian consumer service firms from these sectors.

Findings of this study show that inward internationalizing services confront most of their barriers, such as immigration policies, exchange rate fluctuations, and cultural differences, in the domestic market where the service is provided. The findings also suggest that superior intentional performance for consumer service firms combines firm‐specific resources and capabilities, such as market orientation, service quality, cultural sensitivity, international communicational activities, partnerships and networks, with country‐specific resources and capabilities, such as country‐of‐origin image and government support.

This is one of the few studies in the academic literature that directly addresses the issue of inward internationalization of consumer services. Limitations derive from the qualitative nature of this study.

The process of inward internationalization applies to a broad range of service industries and can assist firms to develop more effective international marketing strategies.

This study contributes to the international services literature by identifying the main barriers and drivers of international performance for inward internationalizing consumer service firms, which is a topic that has been neglected in the literature.

The purpose of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on Islamic marketing and its major impacts on consumer behaviours. In addition, this study seeks to shed light on global trends and dynamics beyond Islamic marketing and how Islam, as one of the most prominent religions worldwide, affects the consumption and purchasing choices of Muslim consumers.

A systematic literature review of published peer-reviewed articles on Islamic marketing was conducted. A comprehensive search strategy was applied on different databases, including Google Scholar, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, MUSE and Directory of Open Access Journals, and the retrieved articles were then selected from 14 leading journals published between 2010 and 2018.

Islam as a religion has been found to impact the ethical beliefs and behaviours of Muslim consumers from different countries, as well as consumers’ choice of services and some taboo products on the basis of Islamic Shariah law. The results show that Islamic marketing has a significant impact on the characteristics of Muslim consumers and therefore affects their key choices about certain products and services.

The studies included in this review are extensively based on peer-reviewed articles published in high-ranked marketing journals (A* and A in the Australian Business Deans Council list), which may be perceived as a limitation in the present study. Another limitation is that this study only took into account peer-reviewed articles written in English.

The important relationship between Islam and the heterogeneous Muslim consumer will have a considerable practical implication for companies that explore the marketing supply capacity in the Islamic world. The authors hereby expect the current review to significantly impact the identification of methodologies for the main trends in the academic analysis of Islamic marketing and Islamic consumer behaviour.

This review provides a strong contribution to Islamic marketing literature by recommending the need to integrate the Islamic practices related to consumer consumption of goods and services in studies focused on consumer behaviour analysis.

The supervisory system of modern Chinese companies has basically adopted the supervisory board system of countries of continental law system. Certain disadvantages, however, exist in the system and the purpose of this paper is to identify those disadvantages and suggest changes.

This paper draws upon a consideration of the policy objectives and assesses the practical gaps in implementation through a consideration of case‐studies.

There are many functions and manifest functions of the supervisory board system of modern Chinese companies. Certain disadvantages, however, exist in this system: the postmortem nature of supervision causes the failure of timely supervision, and the externality of supervision leads to information asymmetry. Meanwhile, the functions of supervisory board are weakened by the fact that the law does not impose positive qualification requirements for supervisors and that the law has not laid down specific regulations for the effective deliverance of the company's financial and business information to the supervisors and the supervisory board. In order to guarantee the realization of the functions of the company's supervisory board, we should perfect in legislation the supervisory board system of our country, and at the same time strengthen the construction of company supervisory board system in our country and other relevant supervisory mechanism and supporting systems. Originality/value – This paper presents an analysis of “gaps” in policy implementation and might influence reform in this area.

As China embarks upon a new era of high-quality development, it is increasingly important and imperative for China’s economic development to live up to its real nature, which is to satisfy people’s growing needs for a better life. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

The paper attempts to discuss the implication of HQD and its related theoretical issues from the basic theory of economics, and literature review. It is necessary to return to Marx’s “dual character of commodity” to check the theoretical foundation of this issue, based on the duality methodology, namely, the duality of the value of use and the value of exchange.

Moving from HSG phase to HQD phase constitutes a major challenge and an arduous task that is extremely difficult both theoretically and practically. A series of new problems crop out as to the theoretical understanding and practical resolution. Fundamentally speaking, this new dynamic mechanism intrinsically requires a perfect integration of the instrumental rationality of market economy and the value-based rationality of economic development.

This new momentum requires a perfect match between the instrumental rationality of market economy and the value-based rationality of economic development.

This paper aims to characterize the French public hospitals (FPHs) according to their strategic behaviour. Until recently, FPHs used to ignore strategic issues, for their mission was clearly defined by regulating authorities and their activities were quasi‐automatically funded by the latter. This situation fundamentally changed as the environment of all “health care providers” became more demanding: FPHs have now to engage in a strategic process. The paper seeks to focus on the content of FPHs' strategies, and compare our results with standard findings of the strategic management literature, notably the strategic behaviour typologies established by Miles and Snow and Zaleznik and Kets de Vries.

A three‐stage empirical approach is conducted, mixing qualitative and quantitative methods. The measurement stage, based on a questionnaire survey realized with the support of a professional union, gathered the answers of 276 FPHs' decision‐makers, representing 51 per cent of the target population. This stage allows the formation of classes among these respondents, according to the environmental, organisational, and strategic features they describe.

The results are globally consistent with Miles and Snow's and Zaleznik and Kets de Vries' typologies. This is noteworthy since they were obtained in a different context and with different methodological approaches.

This article tackles the issue of the universality of the strategic process.

Finally, implications for policy makers and hospitals' managers are drawn from the study.

What mostly differentiates the paper' results from the standard typologies is that FPHs can be separated according to the alliances criterion.