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Book part
Publication date: 12 September 1997

Carlos F. Daganzo

Abstract

Details

Fundamentals of Transportation and Traffic Operations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-08-042785-0

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1994

A. Corigliano

The finite element quasi‐static analysis of elastoplastic systemsis studied by making use of a generalized variable approach for the spatialdiscretization and a generalized…

Abstract

The finite element quasi‐static analysis of elastoplastic systems is studied by making use of a generalized variable approach for the spatial discretization and a generalized mid‐point rule for the time integration. Both the classical form of the constitutive law and the convex analysis formulation are presented. The relation between the mid‐point time integration and the extremal path theory is discussed. Extremal properties for the finite‐step solution are formulated.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 11 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 March 2022

Dipankar Das

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an input to the production of goods and services. Therefore, a general question is there that “How the labor hour/human resource will be…

Abstract

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an input to the production of goods and services. Therefore, a general question is there that “How the labor hour/human resource will be replaced by the artificial intelligence?” To answer this question, the paper considers that both AI and the human resources (HR) are the inputs to the firm and explains the choice between the two with reference to the customer relationship management. The paper derives the individual firms and the industry demand functions of the AI and the HR when both are present in the production of the identical or closely related goods and services. Moreover, the paper also shows the strategic behavior of an individual firm with the industry in selecting the AI and the HR. It has been shown that the individual firm's choice in the industry depends on the choice of the industry leader. The paper explains the supermodular game between the firms in an industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Game theory, industrial organization and non-convexity theories have been used in this paper to identify the choice between the HR and the AI in the customer relationship management.

Findings

The paper explains analytically the preference and demand for AI in the industry. Individual firm's strategic behavior and decision on choosing AI and the industry equilibrium have been studied logically. Moreover, the paper gives some light on the question of employment in presence of AI. The paper proves that in the presence of AI, labor demand will not be reduced but both will be used.

Originality/value

This work proves for the first time using some logical derivation that AI will not crowd out labor from the market. Moreover, to run AI, labor should also be used. It has been proved that to complete a job with speed and quality, both AI and HR are to be used.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 50 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 24 August 2021

Mohamed Abdelhamid and Aleksander Czekanski

This is an attempt to better bridge the gap between the mathematical and the engineering/physical aspects of the topic. The authors trace the different sources of…

Abstract

Purpose

This is an attempt to better bridge the gap between the mathematical and the engineering/physical aspects of the topic. The authors trace the different sources of non-convexification in the context of topology optimization problems starting from domain discretization, passing through penalization for discreteness and effects of filtering methods, and end with a note on continuation methods.

Design/methodology/approach

Starting from the global optimum of the compliance minimization problem, the authors employ analytical tools to investigate how intermediate density penalization affects the convexity of the problem, the potential penalization-like effects of various filtering techniques, how continuation methods can be used to approach the global optimum and how the initial guess has some weight in determining the final optimum.

Findings

The non-convexification effects of the penalization of intermediate density elements simply overshadows any other type of non-convexification introduced into the problem, mainly due to its severity and locality. Continuation methods are strongly recommended to overcome the problem of local minima, albeit its step and convergence criteria are left to the user depending on the type of application.

Originality/value

In this article, the authors present a comprehensive treatment of the sources of non-convexity in density-based topology optimization problems, with a focus on linear elastic compliance minimization. The authors put special emphasis on the potential penalization-like effects of various filtering techniques through a detailed mathematical treatment.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 39 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 June 2014

Mahsan Esmaeilzadeh Tarei, Bijan Abdollahi and Mohammad Nakhaei

The purpose of this paper is to describe imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), a novel socio-politically inspired optimization strategy for proposing a fuzzy variant of this…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), a novel socio-politically inspired optimization strategy for proposing a fuzzy variant of this algorithm. ICA is a meta-heuristic algorithm for dealing with different optimization tasks. The basis of the algorithm is inspired by imperialistic competition. It attempts to present the social policy of imperialisms (referred to empires) to control more countries (referred to colonies) and use their sources. If one empire loses its power, among the others making a competition to take possession of it.

Design/methodology/approach

In fuzzy imperialist competitive algorithm (FICA), the colonies have a degree of belonging to their imperialists and the top imperialist, as in fuzzy logic, rather than belonging completely to just one empire therefore the colonies move toward the superior empire and their relevant empires. Simultaneously for balancing the exploration and exploitation abilities of the ICA. The algorithms are used for optimization have shortcoming to deal with accuracy rate and local optimum trap and they need complex tuning procedures. FICA is proposed a way for optimizing convex function with high accuracy and avoiding to trap in local optima rather than using original ICA algorithm by implementing fuzzy logic on it.

Findings

Therefore several solution procedures, including ICA, FICA, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, tabu search and simulated annealing optimization algorithm are considered. Finally numerical experiments are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of models as well as solution procedures. Test results present the suitability of the proposed fuzzy ICA for convex functions with little fluctuations.

Originality/value

The proposed evolutionary algorithm, FICA, can be used in diverse areas of optimization problems where convex functions properties are appeared including, industrial planning, resource allocation, scheduling, decision making, pattern recognition and machine learning (optimization techniques; fuzzy logic; convex functions).

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 November 2013

Mahsan Esmaeilzadeh

– This article is going to introduce a modified variant of the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Abstract

Purpose

This article is going to introduce a modified variant of the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

ICA is a meta-heuristic algorithm that is introduced based on a socio-politically motivated global search strategy. It is a population-based stochastic algorithm to control more countries. The most powerful countries are imperialists and the weakest countries are colonies. Colonies movement toward their relevant imperialist, and making a competition among all empires to posses the weakest colonies of the weakest empires, form the basis of the ICA. This fact that the imperialists also need to model and they move towards top imperialist state is the most common type of political rules from around the world. This paper exploits these new ideas. The modification is the empire movement toward the superior empire for balancing the exploration and exploitation abilities of the ICA.

Findings

The algorithms are used for optimization that have shortcoming to deal with accuracy rate and local optimum trap and they need complex tuning procedures. MICA is proposed a way for optimizing convex function with high accuracy and avoiding to trap in local optima rather than using original ICA algorithm by implementing some modification on it.

Originality/value

Therefore, several solution procedures, including ICA, modified ICA, and genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm are proposed. Finally, numerical experiments are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of models as well as solution procedures. Test results present the suitability of the proposed modified ICA for convex functions with little fluctuations.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 6 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 March 2015

Ralf Östermark

– The purpose of this paper is to measure the financial risk and optimal capital structure of a corporation.

501

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to measure the financial risk and optimal capital structure of a corporation.

Design/methodology/approach

Irregular disjunctive programming problems arising in firm models and risk management can be solved by the techniques presented in the paper.

Findings

Parallel processing and mathematical modeling provide a fruitful basis for solving ultra-scale non-convex general disjunctive programming (GDP) problems, where the computational challenge in direct mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) formulations or single processor algorithms would be insurmountable.

Research limitations/implications

The test is limited to a single firm in an experimental setting. Repeating the test on large sample of firms in future research will indicate the general validity of Monte-Carlo-based VAR estimation.

Practical implications

The authors show that the risk surface of the firm can be approximated by integrated use of accounting logic, corporate finance, mathematical programming, stochastic simulation and parallel processing.

Originality/value

Parallel processing has potential to simplify large-scale MINLP and GDP problems with non-convex, multi-modal and discontinuous parameter generating functions and to solve them faster and more reliably than conventional approaches on single processors.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 44 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Quantitative and Empirical Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamic Macromodels
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-44452-122-4

Abstract

Details

Mathematical and Economic Theory of Road Pricing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-08-045671-3

Abstract

Details

Mathematical and Economic Theory of Road Pricing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-08-045671-3

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