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Abstract

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Construction Industry Advance and Change: Progress in Eight Asian Economies Since 1995
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-504-9

Abstract

Details

Construction Industry Advance and Change: Progress in Eight Asian Economies Since 1995
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-504-9

Book part
Publication date: 16 October 2018

Yang Zhang

Institutional actors are critical allies for grassroots movements, but few studies have examined their effects and variations within the non-democratic context. This chapter…

Abstract

Institutional actors are critical allies for grassroots movements, but few studies have examined their effects and variations within the non-democratic context. This chapter argues that while institutional allies are heavily constrained and unlikely to give open endorsement to grassroot activists, some institutional activists indirectly facilitate movement mobilization and favorable outcomes in the process of advancing their own political agendas. Drawing upon in-depth interviews conducted in 2008 and 2012, I illustrate this argument by examining the Anti-PX Movement – a landmark grassroots environmental movement against a chemical plant – in Xiamen, China. I find that the environmental institutional actors were constrained and divided, yet some still fostered opportunities for movement mobilization and in turn exploited the opportunity created by the protesters to pursue their policy interests, thus facilitating positive movement outcomes. As long as the claims are not politically subversive to the authoritarian rule, this type of tacit and tactical interaction between institutional activists within the state and grassroot activists on the street is conducive to promoting progressive policy changes.

Details

Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-895-2

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2004

Jeffrey T. Macher and David C. Mowery

We examine the evolution of vertical specialization in three industries: chemicals, computers, and semiconductors. Vertical specialization is the restructuring of industry-wide…

Abstract

We examine the evolution of vertical specialization in three industries: chemicals, computers, and semiconductors. Vertical specialization is the restructuring of industry-wide value chains, such that different stages are controlled by different firms, rather than being vertically integrated within the boundaries of individual firms. In some cases, vertical specialization may span international boundaries and is associated with complex international production networks. After decades of vertical specialization, firms in the chemical industry are re-integrating stages of the value chain. By contrast, the semiconductor and computer industries have experienced significant vertical specialization during the past ten years. We examine how and why these contrasting trends in vertical specialization have co-evolved with industry maturation and decline, and underscore the importance and role of both industry factors and business strategies necessary for industries to become more specialized. We also consider the effects of vertical specialization on the sources of innovation and the geographic redistribution of production and other activities. We conclude that the evolution of vertical specialization in these three industries has both reflected and influenced the strategies of leading firms, while also displays industry-specific characteristics that are rooted in different technological and market characteristics.

Details

Business Strategy over the Industry Lifecycle
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76231-135-4

Book part
Publication date: 30 March 2022

Inna V. Andronova, Vladislav V. Kuzmin and David Celetti

The main purpose of this chapter is to show the correlation of the current consolidated electricity capacity of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) with the forecast indicators of…

Abstract

The main purpose of this chapter is to show the correlation of the current consolidated electricity capacity of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) with the forecast indicators of electricity consumption to optimize the future energy system. It highlights the main directions of the international cooperation development in the field of hydropower and analyzes the total consumption of hydropower in the EAEU. The study is based on official data provided by international hydropower and renewable energy regulators as well as national professional regulators and statistical offices. Authors predicted total hydropower consumption of the EAEU countries for the coming years using machine learning algorithms and interpreted obtained results by an econometric toolkit. It is shown that the current hydropower capacity level will not cover future consumption, in particular, due to the increasingly growing demand for cheap electricity because of massive digitalization as one of the global pandemic impacts. As a result, the necessity was identified to gradually increasing the available hydropower capacity to balance the situation. In conclusion, it's been proposed potentially possible solutions to optimize the future energy system of the single energy market of the EAEU to achieve the required level of electricity generation from power plants operating on renewable energy sources and, in particular, water resources, taking into account the consequences of Covid-19 in the energy industry.

Details

Current Problems of the World Economy and International Trade
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-090-0

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 18 July 2007

James W. Boyd, Leonard A. Shabman and Kurt Stephenson

The paper reviews current experience with water quality trading programs and evaluates trading's potential as a future water quality management tool. The relative virtues of cap…

Abstract

The paper reviews current experience with water quality trading programs and evaluates trading's potential as a future water quality management tool. The relative virtues of cap and trade (CAT) versus regulatory offset programs are discussed, as are administrative and technical barriers to trading. Several existing trade programs are discussed in detail. The article places particular emphasis on the relationship between water quality trading and watershed-based regulatory initiatives such as the total maximum daily load program.

Details

Ecological Economics of Sustainable Watershed Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-507-9

Abstract

Details

Construction Industry Advance and Change: Progress in Eight Asian Economies Since 1995
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-504-9

Book part
Publication date: 26 January 2023

Mozhdeh Mokhber and Erfan Sharifzadeh

MAPNA Operation and Maintenance Company was established in 2003 to provide long-term services in the energy sector in Iran. This company delivered comprehensive solutions…

Abstract

MAPNA Operation and Maintenance Company was established in 2003 to provide long-term services in the energy sector in Iran. This company delivered comprehensive solutions including operation and maintenance, overhaul and repair, commissioning, performance test and training in the fields of power and oil and gas. By 2021, the company had provided long-term operation and maintenance services in more than thirty power plants in Iran and had implemented more than 200 projects worth more than 300 million USD. MAPNA Operation and Maintenance Company believed that a sustainable and responsible management could be achieved through integrated management of the economic, social and environmental impacts of the business. This approach became more apparent when the company provided services countrywide, and they interacted with a wide range of stakeholders. In this context, efforts were made to create common values for both the organization and society. Some of the company’s long-term projects were in less developed areas of the country. One of the social issues in those regions was creating jobs for jobless people and preparing them to work in order to have a better life. The company policy in providing manpower for such projects was to employ indigenous manpower, training them and creating sustainable jobs for them. After hiring local workforce, the company provided professional and general training programs to improve their skills and knowledge. Also, the company was committed to prepare a healthy and safe work environment for employees to learn and comply with ethical and social norms and develop a sustainable environmental attitude by increasing the efficiency of using natural resources and controlling environmental pollution. Work-life balance programs were implemented to ensure a productive presence in the workplace and to maintain a healthy and meaningful family relationship for employees. This case aims to elaborate more on the challenges of the sustainable activities of the long-term projects that MAPNA Operation and Maintenance planned and implemented in terms of its corporate social responsibility and social entrepreneurship specifically in less developed areas.

Book part
Publication date: 9 November 2023

Andrzej Szablewski

There are many indications that government policymakers and supporters of large-scale nuclear expansion in Poland have not seriously grappled with arguments critical of this…

Abstract

Research Background

There are many indications that government policymakers and supporters of large-scale nuclear expansion in Poland have not seriously grappled with arguments critical of this direction of the country's power development. Instead, there is a mood of euphoric elation in these circles without even an attempt to reflect on why this kind of nuclear power is in a state of perennial crisis and lack of development prospects in Western countries.

The Purpose of the Chapter

The purpose of this chapter is to consider from an economic perspective the potential role of nuclear power in decarbonising the Polish power sector. It needs to answer two questions: why not develop large-scale nuclear power and why small modular reactors (SMRs) can be a better alternative for decarbonisation of the Polish power sector.

Methodology

The primary research method used in the preparation of this chapter is a critical analysis and synthesis of the literature on the subject.

Findings

A technological revolution will offer electricity customers increasingly better alternatives. Among them there is also technology of SMRs which seems to be much less risky option in terms of its compatibility with the direction of the power sector's evolution as well as cost of sectors’ decarbonisation.

Abstract

Details

Construction Industry Advance and Change: Progress in Eight Asian Economies Since 1995
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-504-9

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