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Article
Publication date: 4 January 2021

The financial vulnerability trap: using latent transition analysis to explore the dynamics of consumers’ financial vulnerability over time

Arvid Hoffmann, Simon McNair and Jason Pallant

The purpose of the paper is to examine how psychological characteristics predict membership of and transitions between states of higher vs lower financial vulnerability …

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to examine how psychological characteristics predict membership of and transitions between states of higher vs lower financial vulnerability – and vice versa – over time.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses a dynamic latent class model (latent transition analysis) to explore the dynamics of consumers’ financial vulnerability over time using longitudinal data obtained by repeatedly administering a measure of financial vulnerability.

Findings

This research finds that consumers in a state of lower vulnerability are “fragile” in having a relatively high likelihood of moving to a state of higher vulnerability, whereas those in a state of higher vulnerability are “entrenched” in having a relatively low likelihood of moving to a state of lower vulnerability. This pattern of results is called the “financial vulnerability trap.” While financial self-efficacy explains state membership, the consideration of future consequences drives state transitions.

Research limitations/implications

Future research could follow consumers over a longer period and consider the role of alternative psychological characteristics besides those examined.

Practical implications

This research provides practitioners with actionable insights regarding the drivers of changes in consumers’ financial vulnerability across time, showing the value of financial self-efficacy and the consideration of future consequences when developing strategies to prevent consumers from sliding from a state of lower to higher financial vulnerability over time.

Originality/value

There is scant research on financial vulnerability. Further, prior research has not examined whether and how consumers’ psychological characteristics help explain their membership of and transitions between states of different levels of financial vulnerability over time.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-04-2020-0255
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

  • Consideration of future consequences
  • Consumer financial decision-making
  • Financial self-efficacy
  • Financial vulnerability
  • Public policy
  • Latent transition analysis

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2000

Impact of the consideration of future sales consequences and customer‐oriented selling on long‐term buyer‐seller relationships

Roberta J. Schultz and David J. Good

The value of long‐term relationships has become a widely studied variable in marketing. This article investigates two important characteristics of salespeople …

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Abstract

The value of long‐term relationships has become a widely studied variable in marketing. This article investigates two important characteristics of salespeople (consideration of future sales consequences and customer‐oriented selling) and their effects on the usage of long‐term relationships. In turn, associations between a long‐term relationship orientation, and a preference for long‐term compensation are explored. The findings suggest managerial and research implications for structuring of reward systems and potential tools for recruiting, selection and assignment of salespeople based on these characteristics.

Details

Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, vol. 15 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/08858620010335056
ISSN: 0885-8624

Keywords

  • Selling
  • Channel relationships
  • Customer orientation
  • Relationship marketing
  • Sales methods

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Book part
Publication date: 25 July 2008

Pushing the boundaries: A review and extension of the psychological dynamics of intergenerational conflict in organizational contexts

Leigh Plunkett Tost, Morela Hernandez and Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni

We review previous research on intergenerational conflict, focusing on the practical implications of this research for organizational leaders. We explain how the…

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Abstract

We review previous research on intergenerational conflict, focusing on the practical implications of this research for organizational leaders. We explain how the interaction between the interpersonal and intertemporal dimensions of intergenerational decisions creates the unique psychology of intergenerational decision-making behavior. In addition, we review the boundary conditions that have characterized much of the previous research in this area, and we examine the potential effects of loosening these constraints. Our proposals for future research include examination of the effect of intra-generational decision making on intergenerational beneficence, consideration of the role of third parties and linkage issues, investigation of the effects of intergenerational communications and negotiation when generations can interact, examination of the role of social power in influencing intergenerational interactions, investigation of the interaction between temporal construal and immortality striving, and exploration of the ways in which present decision makers detect and define the intergenerational dilemmas in their social environments.

Details

Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(08)27003-9
ISBN: 978-1-84855-004-9

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Article
Publication date: 5 June 2017

Green information technology adoption: influencing factors and extension of theory of planned behavior

Shahin Dezdar

The effect of global warming on our environment has shifted the focus to green technologies worldwide. Subsequently, multiple research studies have attempted to assess…

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Abstract

Purpose

The effect of global warming on our environment has shifted the focus to green technologies worldwide. Subsequently, multiple research studies have attempted to assess awareness around the concept of “Green IT” in different countries. This paper aims to examine the factors that affect the intention to use green information technology (IT) (INT) and their subsequent influence on the actual use of green IT (ACT) among students in the context of a developing country.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected using survey questionnaires administered to six public university students. A total of 633 valid questionnaires were received and analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings

A positive relationship of INT with attitude toward green IT, subjective norms toward green IT, perceived behavioral control toward green IT, consideration of future consequences and openness was found, and also, a positive relationship between INT and ACT was found.

Originality/value

Many of prior research focused on factors influencing green IT adoption and usage from the organizational point of view, and there is not much literature dedicated to the study of IT users’ belief and behavior about green IT. Moreover, most studies tend to focus on developed nations, while a lesser number of studies gave consideration to developing nations. This study proposes a research framework that incorporated two personality trait factors to the theory of planned behavior to investigate individual factors influencing INT among students in the context of a developing country.

Details

Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2016-0064
ISSN: 1747-1117

Keywords

  • Openness
  • Subjective norms
  • Perceived behavioural control
  • Attitude toward green IT
  • Consideration of future consequences
  • Intention to use green IT

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Article
Publication date: 11 September 2017

Consideration of future consequence and task performance: The moderating effects of support

Jihye Lee, Seokhwa Yun and Seckyoung Loretta Kim

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of an employee’s consideration of future consequences (CFCs) in predicting employee task performance and its situational…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of an employee’s consideration of future consequences (CFCs) in predicting employee task performance and its situational contexts (i.e. organizational support and supervisor support) based on trait activation theory.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a cross-sectional field study design, data were collected from 189 employees and their immediate supervisors in South Korea.

Findings

Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that employees’ CFC has a positive effect on their task performance. Furthermore, this study investigated whether this relationship would be varied by relevant situational factors. Consistent with the hypotheses, the relevance of CFC to employees’ task performance would be stronger when they perceive low levels of organizational support based on trait activation theory.

Practical implications

The findings suggest the importance of employees’ CFC on task performance. Also, organizations should pay more attention to the way of compensating for employees with low levels of CFC by fostering supportive environment.

Originality/value

Although researchers have been examined long-term perspectives in the business field, a few studies have examined its effect at the individual level. This paper identified not only the main effect of CFC on employee task performance but also the moderating role of organizational support on the aforementioned relationship.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 32 no. 7
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2017-0114
ISSN: 0268-3946

Keywords

  • Personality
  • Resources
  • Organizational support

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Article
Publication date: 26 October 2020

More fluency of the mental imagery, more effective?

Li-Keng Cheng and Chung-Lin Toung

Fear appeals in advertising communication are considered by advertisers when other types of advertising appeals do not achieve expected effects. Fear appeals, by arousing…

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Abstract

Purpose

Fear appeals in advertising communication are considered by advertisers when other types of advertising appeals do not achieve expected effects. Fear appeals, by arousing the fear that something may threaten consumers’ present lives, are often adopted to persuade individuals to take a particular action. Although this topic has been widely studied, the internal operation mechanism of fear appeals in consumers has not been fully understood or agreed upon.

Design/methodology/approach

Three experiments were conducted where the type of fear appeal was manipulated (i.e. physical fear appeal or social ear appeal), as well as consumers’ consideration of future consequences (CFC) and mental imagery approaches.

Findings

This study examined the effects of fear appeal on mental imagery fluency and how it affects advertising effectiveness and the moderating effect of consumers’ CFC were discussed. When receiving advertisements with physical fear appeals, consumers with low CFC had greater mental imagery fluency than did those with high CFC. Furthermore, consumers’ purchase intentions could be improved by increasing consumers’ mental imagery fluency on fear appeal. Therefore, the interaction between fear appeal and CFC on purchase intention was mediated by mental imagery fluency. This study found that consumers responded differently to fear appeal advertising when they engaged in different mental imagery approaches.

Originality/value

The present study adds to social marketing literature by showing how consumers’ mental imagery fluency influence the fear appeal effectiveness, and this study’s results also enable social marketers to understand the two factors (i.e. consumers’ CFC level and mental imagery approaches) that affect the influence of fear appeals on consumers’ purchase intentions. Moreover, social marketers are recommended to provide consumers with advertising information by using various message types to facilitate consumers’ imagination of advertising appeals. This heightens the importance of consumers’ acceptance and absorption of advertising content, in turn, strengthening their purchase intentions.

Details

Journal of Social Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-03-2020-0031
ISSN: 2042-6763

Keywords

  • Advertising
  • Fear appeal
  • Consideration of future consequences
  • Mental imagery approaches
  • Mental imagery fluency

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Book part
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Looking Through the Crystal Ball

Deborah J. MacInnis, Vanessa M. Patrick and C. Whan Park

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Abstract

Details

Review of Marketing Research
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1548-6435(2005)0000002006
ISBN: 978-0-7656-1305-9

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Article
Publication date: 9 July 2020

The influence of leader empowerment behaviour on employee creativity

Xuemei Liu, Zhiwei Zhu, Zheng Liu and Chunyan Fu

This study, based on construal level theory, aims to examine the influential mechanism of leader empowerment behaviour on employee creativity. Specifically, it examines…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study, based on construal level theory, aims to examine the influential mechanism of leader empowerment behaviour on employee creativity. Specifically, it examines the mediating role of cognitive flexibility between leader empowerment behaviour and employee creativity, along with the moderating effect of consideration of future consequences (CFC) on this linkage.

Design/methodology/approach

A two time-point survey study (n = 214) was conducted to collect information from leaders and employees in terms of mutual evaluation in several Chinese industries. To effectively avoid common source bias, this survey was conducted through pairing leaders and employees. During the survey, the supervisors and subordinates were double-blinded. Correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to test the research hypotheses.

Findings

Firstly, leader empowerment behaviour can significantly predict employee creativity. Second, cognitive flexibility plays a partial mediating role in the linkage between leader empowerment behaviour and employee creativity. Thirdly, CFC moderates the relationship between leadership empowerment behaviour and cognitive flexibility. The mediating role of cognitive flexibility underlies the overall moderating effect of CFC on the relationship between leader empowerment behaviour and employee creativity.

Research limitations/implications

We used construal level theory to explain the influence of the mechanism of leader empowerment behaviour on employee creativity. In this manner, this study bridges the gap between theory and practice, as well as enriching the research on leader empowerment behaviour and employee creativity, especially in the Chinese context. Moreover, our study has several practical managerial implications, based on the importance of employee creativity. It inspires the implementation of leader empowerment behaviour, cultivation of employee creativity and introduction of several procedures.

Originality/value

This paper discusses the influential mechanism of leader empowerment behaviour on employee creativity from a new perspective and explains the process of encouraging employee creativity through information-processing methods. It mainly highlights the application of construal level theory to discuss employee creativity and develops a new research frame for employee creativity. Leaders can raise employee creativity through leader empowerment behaviour.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 58 no. 12
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2019-0281
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

  • Leader empowerment behaviour
  • Employee creativity
  • Cognitive flexibility
  • Consideration of future consequences

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2003

The retrospective and the prospective mind and the temporal framing of customer satisfaction

Magnus Söderlund

This study explores the potential for differences and similarities between two ways of conceptualizing customer satisfaction: current customer satisfaction (CCS) and…

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Abstract

This study explores the potential for differences and similarities between two ways of conceptualizing customer satisfaction: current customer satisfaction (CCS) and anticipated customer satisfaction (ACS). The analysis shows that these two constructs share a substantial amount of variance, and that there is no significant difference in the level of the two types of satisfaction. With regard to the two constructs’ ability to explain future intentions, CCS outperforms ACS for behavioral expectations. However, for conscious plans, no significant difference exists between CCS and ACS. The similarities between the two constructs suggest that ACS may be used in studies of potential customers and thus that the satisfaction construct may be expanded to customers who, by definition, have no prior experience and therefore no current level of satisfaction.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. 37 no. 10
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560310487158
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

  • Customer satisfaction
  • Time study
  • Consumer behaviour

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2019

Who can spot an online romance scam?

Monica T. Whitty

This paper aims to examine predictors (personality, belief systems, expertise and response time) of detecting online romance scams.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine predictors (personality, belief systems, expertise and response time) of detecting online romance scams.

Design/methodology/approach

The online study asked 261 participants to rate whether a profile was a scam or a genuine profile. Participants were also asked to complete a personality inventory, belief scales and demographic, descriptive questions. The online study was also designed to measure response time.

Findings

It was found that those who scored low in romantic beliefs, high in impulsivity, high in consideration of future consequences, had previously spotted a romance scam and took longer response times were more likely to accurately distinguish scams from genuine profiles. Notably, the research also found that it was difficult to detect scams. The research also found that it was important to adapt Whitty’s (2013) “Scammers Persuasive Techniques Model” to include a stage named: “human detection of scam versus genuine profiles”.

Originality/value

This is the first study, to the author’s knowledge, that examines predictors of human accuracy in detecting romance scams. Dating sites and government e-safety sites might draw upon these findings to help improve human detection and protect users from this financial and psychologically harmful cyberscam.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 26 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-06-2018-0053
ISSN: 1359-0790

Keywords

  • Fraud
  • Cyber security
  • Cyber scams
  • Human detection
  • Romance scam

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