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1 – 10 of 103During the late Qing Dynasty, Western colonists plundered and divided the land as concession where they consequently built European and American architectures. These…
Abstract
During the late Qing Dynasty, Western colonists plundered and divided the land as concession where they consequently built European and American architectures. These architectures, such as concession garden architectures, are a result of relevant cultural exchange. Thus, concession garden architectural culture should be studied. In this study, the historical records of the concession and the concession garden in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were examined on the basis of the representative architectures of Shanghai and Tianjin in China. The origin, classification, characteristic, and development of the concession garden architecture were regarded as the starting point, and the characteristics of the garden architecture in different regions were discovered. Further insights into the development of conservation concession garden buildings in China and the use of modern landscape architectures were provided, and new perspectives for studies on concession landscape architectures were presented through an in-depth understanding and analysis of concession landscape architectures.
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Between 1860 and 1945, the Chinese port city of Tianjin was the site of up to nine foreign-controlled concessions, functioning side by side. Rogaski defined it as a…
Abstract
Between 1860 and 1945, the Chinese port city of Tianjin was the site of up to nine foreign-controlled concessions, functioning side by side. Rogaski defined it as a ‘hyper-colony’, a term which reflects Tianjin's socio-political intricacies and the multiple colonial discourses of power and space. This essay focuses on the transformation of the Tianjin cityscape during the last 150 years, and aims at connecting the hyper-colonial socio-spatial forms with the processes of post-colonial identity construction. Tianjin is currently undergoing a massive renovation program: its transmogrifying cityscape unveils multiple layers of ‘globalizing’ spatialities and temporalities, throwing into relief processes of power and capital accumulation, which operate via the urban regeneration's experiment. This study uses an ‘interconnected history’ approach and traces the interweaving ‘worlding’ nodes of today's Tianjin back to the global connections established in the city during the hyper-colonial period. What emerges is Tianjin's simultaneous tendency towards ‘world-class-ness’ and ‘China-class-ness’.
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Benjamin Joseph Downs and Chad Stephen Seifried
The purpose of this paper is to identify the historical factors that influenced the design and construction of modern National Hockey League and National Basketball…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the historical factors that influenced the design and construction of modern National Hockey League and National Basketball Association arenas between 1990 and 2018. Additionally, this paper seeks to index the characteristics of those modern arenas while forwarding reasonable, informed propositions for future multipurpose arena design.
Design/methodology/approach
The historical methodology was applied to the design and construction of modern multipurpose arenas between 1990 and 2018. Modernization theory was utilized as an organizing construct to understand the intentional managerial actions to capitalize on consumer expectations by responding to economic and technological changes.
Findings
Sport managers responded to decreased median family incomes during the period of the study by building arenas with increasingly commodified spaces and amenities targeting wealthy and corporate customers. New technologies were adopted within facilities to meet the needs and expectations of in-venue and remote consumers.
Practical implications
In addition to demonstrating the practical utility of modernization theory and applied history for sport management scholars and practitioners, particularly in the Western context, the present study provides a series of propositions for future sport managers to consider to maintain or establish institutional advantage in the arena marketplace.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to the sport management literature by demonstrating the utility of modernization theory and applied history for sport management. In examining the design history of modern multipurpose arenas, the paper identifies the characteristics of modern multipurpose arenas while demonstrating the importance of understanding context and intentionality in managerial decision making.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dimensions and practices that have shaped the present global theme park industry. The reader is first introduced to the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dimensions and practices that have shaped the present global theme park industry. The reader is first introduced to the characteristics of the global theme park industry. Following a historical review of the evolution of theme parks, the paper reports on the scope of the global theme park industry, according to major geographical regions. The overview continues with an explanation of how themes are created and communicated to guests and finally, addresses the impact of theme parks on the economic sustainability of destinations.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper provides an overview and historical examination of key concepts and phenomena. The paper is more descriptive than analytical.
Findings
The paper concludes that continuous growth of the global theme park industry will be influenced by the quality and amount of marketing and advertising campaigns, development of new products and guest experiences, as well as external variables that the parks have no control over like competitors' strategies, weather, economic conditions, gasoline prices, government regulations, and so on.
Research limitations/implications
The paper reports on several secondary research, scholarly as well as industry and government publications. Some of the original research quoted is conducted by the author.
Practical implications
The theme park industry has generated a wide circle of social, economic, and political influences ranging from town planning, historic preservation, building architecture, shopping mall design, and landscaping. Its impact extends further to video and computer‐assisted education, home and office design, exhibit design, and crowd management.
Originality/value
The paper provides a general overview of the theme park and attraction industry.
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Over a two‐month period, the editor of this media review has searched worldwide for the most interesting and useful articles, blogs and books on the topic of strategic management.
Abstract
Purpose
Over a two‐month period, the editor of this media review has searched worldwide for the most interesting and useful articles, blogs and books on the topic of strategic management.
Design/methodology/approach
In addition to his own finds, the editor sorted through suggestions by a team of veteran top managers and senior academics.
Findings
The result is a surprisingly diverse set of media articles about strategy and leadership on such topics as brand bruising, executive compensation at Detroit automakers, walled garden idea, Russian high‐tech boom, botnets threat, new LBO worker/management model, downsizing as restoration, four principles of luxury brands, growing economic ties between Asia and the Middle East, Indian automaker confront deregulation, addressing and adapting to global warming, commoditizing the Starbucks brand, Silicon Valley's geographical advantage, collaborative networks, new pricing strategies, dollar's reserve‐currency status.
Practical implications
URL links and references have been provided for the articles so that managers can easily follow up this quick scan of the media by reading the articles in full.
Originality/value
Provides a snapshot of what managers are reading and a guide to trends and fresh thinking.
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THE Blackpool Conference has been duly held; Lord Elgin has handed his office to his successor, Dr. Lindsay; and a presidential address, full of sound commonsense and…
Abstract
THE Blackpool Conference has been duly held; Lord Elgin has handed his office to his successor, Dr. Lindsay; and a presidential address, full of sound commonsense and useful thought, has been delivered which has been ignored in its essentials by the popular press and inflated in respect of a jest which preceded it. As for the general results of the discussions, they are difficult to assess. Certainly useful work was done. On the “local” side the meeting was completely successful. The nights were illuminated by the wonderful autumn light‐show in which Blackpool surpasses England; in the receptions, amusements and facilities afforded no conference assembly has been entertained more royally.
Sharon Barbour and Andrew Turnbull
This paper examines the integration of entrepreneurial thinking and the elements of marketing strategy in attracting visitors to Grampian region’s castles, focusing…
Abstract
This paper examines the integration of entrepreneurial thinking and the elements of marketing strategy in attracting visitors to Grampian region’s castles, focusing specifically on the current tourist initiative of the “Castle Trail”. Firstly, the nature of a heritage tourism resource is highlighted. Secondly, the role of entrepreneurship in not for profit organisations is considered. Lastly, the paper explores the need to include entrepreneurial activities in the development of a marketing plan for maximising the potential of the north‐east’s heritage tourism resources. It is demonstrated that this approach will allow for the creation of a fundamentally distinctive image that will contribute to the overall success of the initiative. The central hypothesis is that the marketing of Grampian region’s prime heritage asset is at present inadequate and new initiatives are required to link marketing principles with entrepreneurial practice. This is supported by primary research findings, where it is demonstrated that a rethinking of the current strategy is much needed. The primary research consists of both interviews and questionnaires. The findings of this research are then combined with the findings of the secondary research, the literature review, and together they provide the framework for a number of recommendations. These include the need to improve road signposting, to extend opening times, and make greater use of sales promotion. A more creative approach can also allow for greater exploitation of new opportunities, particularly in the context of the augmented product. The final conclusion is that there is significant public interest and support for promoting the region’s castles as a major tourist asset, but that at present the potential to promote the region is being clearly under utilised.
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