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This paper aims to propose an approach for the self-adaptation of the Web composition called SAMIWA. The SAMIWA framework helps users during the search, invocation and composition of the appropriate Web service.

The authors’ approach allows expressing requirements by taking into account potential users’ context in addition to the functional one.

In this paper, the authors introduce a new context-aware approach that provides a dynamic adaptation of service compositions.

The author has implemented a Web application that enables selection and composition of the most appropriate composite service.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the composite service and the context properties related to the users in the business process execution language (BPEL) file.

The authors’ approach allows expressing requirements by taking into account potential users’ context in addition to the functional one.

In this paper, the authors introduce a new context-aware approach that provides a dynamic adaptation of service compositions.

This paper introduces a user-aware approach for describing and publishing context-aware composite Web service.

The purpose of this paper is to formally verify the composition of web services to reduce inconsistencies in software architectures.

In order to check the web services composition, the authors use a model‐driven engineering (MDE)‐based approach and to achieve the formalization of web service composition in ACME and check the consistency of this composition, the authors introduce the pattern mediation to formalize web services composition with the ADL ACME, using the concept of architectural style of ACME. Subsequently, a scenario shows how this style can be used in ACMEStudio to detect inconsistencies. The example shows a web travel organization application.

The authors ensure reliability defined through non‐functional properties. To do so, use ACME was used to check assembling consistency of web service composition. In a second part, a SWC2ACME tool was designed and implemented to check if the web services meta‐model conforms to ACME model.

The paper describes a framework which has proven to be useful to ensure a safe design and execution of software architectures, specifically web services composition.

This paper aims to explore the feasible mining and proper selection of QoS‐aware services for a P2P‐based business process enactment framework, and enhance the relevant workflow prototype. Design/methodology/approach – Through observing and analysing unpredictable dynamic changes that commonly exist in e‐service workflow, a set of QoS specifications and monitoring mechanisms in a P2P workflow framework is proposed. These specifications are an evolving extension of services' description with semantic web facilitators for P2P‐based e‐services.

It has been demonstrated that the QoS‐OWL approach can be effectively used to describe and exploit e‐services, particularly in a decentralised environment. QoS‐OWL is also able to provide the deliberation of geographic information for e‐services, and facilitates the peers' effective cooperation and automates business processes. It is recommended that the approach be adopted in the dynamic online information system environment to increase efficiency and reduce costs in running e‐services.

The QoS attributes discussed in this paper are relatively typical for benchmarking purposes, so the extension of the QoS metrics specifications and related protocols need to be discussed in future work.

The authors propose an approach to dynamically selecting appropriate service‐oriented peers in a P2P network, where the composition of e‐services in a business process can be enhanced significantly. The approach is based on ontology and QoS perspectives, and the descriptions of services have rich semantic features in an attempt to make the service selection more intelligent and reliable. Therefore the proposal offers e‐service providers innovative initiatives to re‐engineer their business services.

In any critical system, high‐availability of software components like web services has so far been achieved through replication. Three replication strategies known as active, passive, and hybrid, describe for example how many replicas are needed, where to locate replicas, and how replicas interact with the original web service and among themselves if needed. The purpose of this paper is to show how replicates could be substituted with components that are similarly functional to the component that needs back‐up in case of failure.

After examination of the different existing replication strategies, it was decided to test the suitability of the proposed web services high‐availability approach based on communities for each strategy. To this end, the specification of web services using two behaviors, namely control and operational, was deemed appropriate.

The active replication strategy is the only strategy that could support the development of a web services high‐availability approach based on communities of web services.

The proposed approach has been validated in practice by deploying a JXTA‐based testbed. The experimental work has implemented the active replication strategy.

Software component high‐availability could be achieved by components that are similarly functional to this component, which permits the common limitations of existing replication strategies to be addressed.

The electrospinng of PAN and PAN/CNT composite webs is carried out with the commercially available Nanospider machine. The webs are spun under similar processes and coated on Polypropylene spun bonded nonwoven fabric. This research work reports on the influence of multi-walled carbon nano tube (MWCNT) on the morphology, tensile properties, conductivity, thermal, chemical and crystalline structure of PAN and PAN/CNT composite nanofibrous webs. The morphological developments are explained on the basis of nanofibre diameter and web density as depicted by FESEM images. An addition of CNT greatly affects the morphology of webs, increases fibre diameter, decreases web density and leads to a roughened web surface. The mechanical properties of PAN /CNT composite webs are also found to be influenced by CNT concentration. The addition of MWCNT to PAN enhances the conductive properties of webs. The specific conductivity of PAN/CNT composite webs is found to be in order of 10^-6 S/cm, which falls in the semiconducting regime and follows Ohm's law of conductivity. The TGA plots confirmed that the PAN/CNT composite web is more thermally stable than the PAN web. The presence of CNT in the polymer matrix is evidenced by D and G band, indicating a successful electrospun coating process.

This paper aims to present results from numerical studies on the response of fire exposed composite girders subjected to dominant flexural and shear loading. A finite element-based numerical model was developed to trace the thermal and structural response of composite girders subjected to simultaneous structural loading and fire exposure. This model accounts for various critical parameters including material and geometrical nonlinearities, property degradation at elevated temperatures, shear effects, composite interaction between concrete slab and steel girder, as well as temperature-induced local buckling. To generate test data for validation of the model, three composite girders, each comprising of hot-rolled (standard) steel girder underneath a concrete slab, were tested under simultaneous fire and gravity loading.

The validated model was then applied to investigate the effect of initial geometric imperfections, load level, thickness of slab and stiffness of shear stud on fire response of composite girders.

Results from experimental and numerical analysis indicate that the composite girder subjected to flexural loading experience failure through flexural yielding mode, while the girders under shear loading fail through in shear web buckling mode. Further, results from parametric studies clearly infer that shear limit state can govern the response of fire exposed composite girders under certain loading configuration and fire scenario.

This paper presents results from numerical studies on the response of fire exposed composite girders subjected to dominant flexural and shear loading.

More and more organizations make parts of their information systems available to their business partners and often face integration and interoperability issues. To counter these problems, web services appeared as a promising technology to bridge the gap between organizations and their partners. While web services generally focus on the implementation of functional concerns (FC) such as ordering of goods, the reservation of flights, etc. also non‐functional concerns (NFC) such as security, reliable messaging, performance, and availability have to be addressed appropriately. The purpose of this paper is to identify web services' requirements.

In this paper the authors provide a survey on works in the area of NFCs in web services. After presenting a common terminology, the most important requirements in that context are presented. Further, the authors assess these works against the requirements.

The evaluation reveals that there is no approach that supports the requirements to a satisfying degree. Based on that, the authors motivate the need for a novel holistic approach to NFCs in web services.

The paper presents an extended version of one of the papers presented at iiWAS2010.

The aim of the research is to discuss the design and development of a mobile application using two technologies known as software agent (SA) and mobile web services.

The objectives were achieved by testing the integration of SAs and mobile web services into mobile applications. The approach suggested in the paper has relied on some modeling techniques such as service chart diagram and addressed some security issues.

It was found in the course of the work the necessity of being aware of the limitations of mobile devices, despite all the major developments that are happening. In addition, it was found that it is deemed appropriate to provide some modeling techniques which suit the development of mobile applications.

The paper discusses the concept of mobile web services. The paper is particularly useful to those who are in the field of mobile computing.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate and evaluate the influence of geometrical and structural design changes in order to reduce shear-lag and increase specific strength and stiffness of thin-walled composite I-beam wing spars.

A detailed FEM model of a cantilevered I-beam spar was used to investigate the influence of increased transition fillet radius and increased web sandwich core thickness on the shear-lag effect at different width to thickness ratios of flanges. Evaluation functions were used to assess specific strength and stiffness of different spar configurations.

Increased web core thickness has greater influence on normal stress distribution and the reduction of the shear-lag than fillet size. Additional weight of thicker core is not compensated enough through reduction of stress concentration. Increased transition fillet and web core thickness increase optimum flanges width to thickness ratio. Shear-lag reduces the strength of the spar more than the stiffness of the spar.

Findings in this study and detailed insight in the shear-lag effect are important for aircraft design when minimum weight of the airframe is of supreme importance.

This combined shear-lag and weight optimization study deals with composite I-beams and loads that are specific for aerospace engineering. This study does not only evaluate the shear-lag phenomena, but primarily analyses fine structural details in order to reduce it, and increases specific strength and stiffness of I-beam spars.