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1 – 10 of over 9000Kushankur Dey and Debasish Maitra
It has become an ongoing debate whether Indian commodity futures markets can accommodate farmers. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Indian commodity futures markets…
Abstract
Purpose
It has become an ongoing debate whether Indian commodity futures markets can accommodate farmers. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Indian commodity futures markets help rationalize farmers’ price expectation. The study starts with questions on the efficiency and other roles of commodity futures markets.
Design/methodology/approach
From a sectoral standpoint and economic importance, the study considers pepper, coffee, and natural rubber (NR) futures and spot markets. The efficiency of futures markets, divergence/convergence and causality between futures and spot markets have been studied by employing co-integrations, error correction and causality models. The sample period of the data are taken from the inception of futures trading. These three commodities are also compared on the basis of trading at the futures markets vs spot markets.
Findings
Analysis shows that though pepper futures market is informationally efficient in price discovery, while coffee and NR spot markets do the process faster. Pepper and coffee futures and spot prices exhibit the convergence; NR shows a sign of divergence. Unidirectional causality from pepper futures to spot market is observed wherein the former was weakly exogenous to the latter and while, bidirectional causality is observed in coffee and rubber. Coffee spot appears weakly exogenous while this remains inconclusive in the case of NR.
Research limitations/implications
The authors analyzed the futures markets in rationalizing the spot market price in three plantation crops in India. In order to make the study more generalizable, further research is warranted in other commodities including those prices of which are government regulated.
Originality/value
The paper is unique in terms of understanding the interaction or interrelationship between futures markets and spot markets and drawing inferences about the role of futures markets in price formation in plantation commodities like pepper, coffee and NR.
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Looks at the marketing of five Kraft Italia food products: Splendid, Sottilette, Milka, Hag and Philadelphia in Italy. Examines the changes in consumption rate and how marketing…
Abstract
Looks at the marketing of five Kraft Italia food products: Splendid, Sottilette, Milka, Hag and Philadelphia in Italy. Examines the changes in consumption rate and how marketing strategies for these products have developed. States that the lessons to be learned from these case studies could help encourage the development of effective marketing of other brands in Italy.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the competitive position of Italian roasting firms in the international market, thus developing a multidimensional framework for measuring…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the competitive position of Italian roasting firms in the international market, thus developing a multidimensional framework for measuring industry export competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
Considering that the objective is to evaluate the export competitiveness of Italian roasting firms, the author chooses “positive” and “ex-post” indicators, combined in a multidimensional and a multivariable framework. The two dimensions of competitiveness implemented are competitive performance and competitive potential; the author used four indices to evaluate the first dimension (export market share, net export share, net export index, revealed comparative advantage) and three indices for the second dimension (unit export price, relative quality index, relative export growth).
Findings
The evolution of the international context, with the emergence of new competitors and the spread of coffee consumption worldwide, creates new opportunities but also new challenges for Italian companies. In fact, both competitive performance and competitive potential have been worsening since the second half of the early twenty-first century because of the lack of innovation. A mix of external and internal factors explain this lack.
Practical implications
In order to recover their international competitiveness, firms should leverage on the combination of “traditional elements”–such as Made in Italy effect and the rich technical know-how, depending on their long tradition in the espresso coffee market niche–with “innovative elements,” depending on new marketing skills and competences; these new elements could be developed internally or, most fruitfully, acquired externally, through collaboration with other firms. In this way, Italian businesses could improve the relative quality perceptions of their offering.
Social implications
Coffee roasting industry in Italy is a significant component of the Italian economic system and it contributes to the development of the Made in Italy abroad. Therefore, an improvement of its export competitiveness could be beneficial to the whole domestic market.
Originality/value
This paper constitutes the first attempt to study the evolution of the coffee industry in regards to the international competitive landscape. This is quite surprising, considering that coffee is one of the main segments of the food and beverage industry; it is the second most important commodity exchanged worldwide after oil and the third most popular beverage after water, tea and carbonated beverages. Then, the analysis of export competitiveness is developed combing two main research streams: the industrial organization literature and the strategic management literature. Moreover, this paper offers a methodological framework useful to measure export competitiveness also in other industries and countries.
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Nowadays, the agricultural business environment is expended to the whole world. Transaction records in point of sales and customer relationship management (CRM) systems can be…
Abstract
Purpose
Nowadays, the agricultural business environment is expended to the whole world. Transaction records in point of sales and customer relationship management (CRM) systems can be large-scale data for long-established global chain businesses. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to using a proposed data mining approach to discover valuable markets/customers of urban coffee shop industry (retailer) in current environment of Taiwan, which can implement the industry's data-driven marketing strategy on a CRM system.
Design/methodology/approach
In this research approach, Ward's method, C5.0 decision tree and a proposed model are applied for discovering valuable markets and mining useful customer rules.
Findings
These found markets and discovered rules can be applied on marketing information or CRM system for identifying valuable customers and target markets.
Originality/value
In this study, the CRM system can be the media for the data-driven marketing strategy in environment of Taiwan. The approach of this research can be applied on other businesses for their data-driven marketing strategies as well.
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The purpose of this paper is to propose a data mining approach for mining valuable markets for online customer relationship management (CRM) marketing strategy. The industry of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a data mining approach for mining valuable markets for online customer relationship management (CRM) marketing strategy. The industry of coffee shops in Taiwan is employed as an empirical case study in this research.
Design/methodology/approach
Via a proposed data mining approach, the study used fuzzy clustering algorithm and Apriori algorithm to analyze customers for obtaining more marketing and purchasing knowledge of online CRM systems.
Findings
The research found three hard markets and one fuzzy market. Furthermore, the study discovered two association rules and two fuzzy association rules.
Originality/value
However, industry of coffee shops has been always a fast-growing and competitive business around the world. Thus, marketing strategy is important for this industry. The results and the proposed data mining approach of this research can be used in the industry of coffee shop or other retailers for their online CRM marketing systems.
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Mark J. Holmes and Jesús Otero
The purpose of this paper is to assess the informational efficiency of Arabica (other milds) and Robusta coffee futures markets in terms of predicting future coffee spot prices.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the informational efficiency of Arabica (other milds) and Robusta coffee futures markets in terms of predicting future coffee spot prices.
Design/methodology/approach
Futures market efficiency is associated with the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between spot and future prices such that coffee futures prices are unbiased predictors of future spot prices. This study applies unit root testing to daily data for futures-spot price differentials. A range of maturities for futures contracts are considered, and the study also uses a recursive approach to consider time variation in futures market efficiency.
Findings
The other milds and Robusta futures prices tend to be unbiased predictors for their own respective spot prices. The paper further finds that other milds and Robusta futures prices are unbiased predictors of the respective Robusta and other milds spot prices. Recursive estimation suggests that the futures market efficiency associated with these cross cases has increased, though with no clear link to the implementation of the 2007 International Coffee Agreement.
Originality/value
The paper draws new insights into futures market efficiency by examining the two key types of coffee and analyses the potential interactions between them. Hitherto, no attention has been paid to futures contracts of the Robusta variety. The employment of unit root testing of spot futures coffee price differentials can be viewed as more stringent than an approach based on non-cointegration testing.
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İrem Eren-Erdoğmuş and Taşkın Dirsehan
The purpose of this paper is to differentiate local versus global brand associations in an emerging market (Turkey)’s coffee shop market.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to differentiate local versus global brand associations in an emerging market (Turkey)’s coffee shop market.
Design/methodology/approach
Two leading coffee shop brands – one local and one global – were analyzed with an emerging exploratory research technique – brand concept mapping (BCM) – to reveal their strong, favorable and unique associations leading them to market leadership.
Findings
The results indicate that, these two successful brands both have distinctive, yet relevant positions in their consumers’ mind. Local cultural experience is relevant for differentiating local brands, even if the coffee shop concept is globally imported. Global coffee shop brand, on the other hand, means membership to global middle income segment and is remembered as global fast coffee service.
Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of this exploratory study is the sample size limitation by its nature. So, the generalizability of the results should be approached with caution. Researchers use BCM technique; however, this method does not permit to reveal the expected levels and the importance of the attributes. Thus, further research are suggested to be complementary.
Originality/value
This study fills the research gap in revealing and comparing local vs global brand associations by using BCM technique, which enables one to measure the strength, unique and favorable associations/brand images more suitable to Keller’s (1993) conceptualization. This study pioneers in using this technique in international branding.
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Tafarel Carvalho Gois, Karim Marini Thomé and Jeremiás Máté Balogh
This study aims to analyse the structure and the competitiveness of the international coffee market.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyse the structure and the competitiveness of the international coffee market.
Design/methodology/approach
To describe the international market structure, this study uses Herfindahl–Hirschman index, net export index (NEI), and to measure export competitiveness revealed symmetric comparative advantage (RSCA). Finally, survival function analyses were developed using the Kaplan–Meier product-limit estimator to characterize the stability and duration of the competitiveness in the international coffee market.
Findings
The results reveal that the imports and exports market structure are unconcentrated. NEI shows that several countries are stable in their commercial characteristics (imports, exports and re-exports), nevertheless, NEI also revealed countries transitioning through the commercial characteristics, that the international coffee market structure presents dynamic commercial characteristics. The result for (RSCA shows that Uganda, Ethiopia, Honduras, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala and Indonesia had the highest values and also resulted in better survival rates along with Italy, India, Mexico and Switzerland. The stability of RSCA indices is investigated by regression analysis, showing a tendency to increase expertise in coffee exports from 2015.
Originality/value
This study provides a comprehensive and recent analysis of the international coffee market structure and competitiveness, contributing to the analysis of the international market of the product.
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Soon-Ho Kim and Seonjeong Ally Lee
This study investigates relationships among components of the marketing communication mix, brand identification, brand image, brand love and brand loyalty. The focus of this study…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates relationships among components of the marketing communication mix, brand identification, brand image, brand love and brand loyalty. The focus of this study is advertisement spending, customers' attitudes toward the advertisement, monetary promotion and non-monetary promotion as marketing communication mix elements.
Design/methodology/approach
Proposed relationships are investigated with 683 previous coffee shop customers, based on a cross-section, online, self-administered survey in South Korea.
Findings
Results identify advertising spending, attitude toward the advertisement, monetary promotion, and non-monetary promotion play key roles in influencing brand identification; however, they do not influence brand image. Both brand identification and brand image further influence brand love on brand loyalty.
Originality/value
This study is the first to investigate the marketing communication mix elements in a coffee shop context.
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Maria‐Alejandra Gonzalez‐Perez and Santiago Gutierrez‐Viana
The purpose of this paper is to present a cross‐country study comparing Colombia and Vietnam, two of the major coffee exporting countries in the world, in terms of their…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a cross‐country study comparing Colombia and Vietnam, two of the major coffee exporting countries in the world, in terms of their infrastructures, the roles of external shocks, technology adoption at different stages of production, added value, positioning in both domestic and global markets, internationalisation patterns, marketing and branding innovations, regulatory frameworks, and policy environments. This study also explores other aspects linked to production, and marketing strategies that open niche markets such as speciality coffees, and socially‐, labour‐ and environmentally‐responsible trade. Furthermore, it identifies opportunities of cooperation and competition between these two countries.
Design/methodology/approach
Using value chain analysis as primary research method, this paper identifies links and dynamics in the value chains that have been developed in the coffee industry in both countries to improve competitiveness, increase sustainability, and respond to market demands.
Findings
Using value chain analysis, it was found that Colombia and Vietnam produce different types of coffee, and that both have implemented diverse strategies in order to be more competitive in domestic and foreign markets via product differentiation. These differences make explicit room for cooperation between these two countries in an international environment where fierce competition persists.
Originality/value
Cooperation between producing countries is an under‐researched subject. These findings will be useful both for policy makers in coffee‐producing countries and agribusiness researchers.
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