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1 – 10 of over 5000This paper aims to examine the puzzles of “ownership”, the legal and psychological commitment of directors, through the experience of the work of boards at non-profit…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the puzzles of “ownership”, the legal and psychological commitment of directors, through the experience of the work of boards at non-profit organisations.
Design/methodology/approach
An exploration of the literature on charity governance leads to a first-person reflection on the tensions in directing two common types of non-profit organisations.
Findings
In the UK as in other countries, charities are companies, bound by company law as well as regulatory constraints of the non-profit sector. This creates responsibilities of ownership without the material benefits. In contrast to corporate share ownership, a sense of psychological ownership may pre-date appointment as a director, facilitating stewardship behaviour, facilitating stewardship and accountability.
Research limitations/implications
This paper calls for expanded empirical work on boards of non-profit organisations, giving a focused agenda of aspects to highlight the differences between charities and the corporate sector.
Practical implications
The focus on psychological ownership can influence recruitment, induction and organisation of the work of charity boards, helping to ease resource deficits.
Social implications
With pressure mounting in deliver of public services, the charity sector needs to fill growing gaps in provision. The constitution of boards plays a valuable role.
Originality/value
By incorporating psychological ownership in a framework of accountability, this paper points towards both a research agenda and practical considerations for charity boards.
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Charanjit Singh and Wangwei Lin
Artificial intelligence has had a major impact on organisations from Banking through to Law Firms. The rate at which technology has developed in terms of tasks that are complex…
Abstract
Purpose
Artificial intelligence has had a major impact on organisations from Banking through to Law Firms. The rate at which technology has developed in terms of tasks that are complex, technical and time-consuming has been astounding. The purpose of this paper is to explore the solutions that AI, RegTech and CharityTech provide to charities in navigating the vast amount of anti-money laundering and counter-terror finance legislation in the UK; so that they comply with the requirements and mitigate the potential risk they face but also develop a more coherent and streamlined set of actions.
Design/methodology/approach
The subject is approached through the analysis of data, literature and, domestic and international regulation. The first part of the paper explores the current obligations and risks charities face, these are then, in the second part, set against the examination of potential technological solutions as of August 2020.
Findings
It is suggested that charities underestimate the importance of the nature and size of the threat posed to them, this is significant, as demonstrated, given the growing size and impact of the sector. Technological solutions are suggested to combat the issues charities face.
Originality/value
The study is original because it is the first to create the notion of CharityTech and to specifically explore what technological advances can assist charities in meeting the regulatory compliance challenge.
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Jos van Iwaarden, Ton van der Wiele, Roger Williams and Claire Moxham
This paper seeks to develop insights into the charity selection criteria used by individual donors, and the information that charities provide to individual donors.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to develop insights into the charity selection criteria used by individual donors, and the information that charities provide to individual donors.
Design/methodology/approach
Charities are defined as organizations involved in health, international aid, wellbeing, and nature and environment. In this paper the main focus is on one type of charity stakeholder; the individual donor. The research is undertaken through an internet survey among Dutch donors and through interviews at eight case studies of Dutch charities.
Findings
Based on the internet survey it can be concluded that effectiveness is seen as important, but not as the major criterion in the selection of a charity. The case studies show that charities do not have standardized reporting systems in order to inform their donors on their performances
Practical implications
Based on this research it can be concluded that there is a need for management of charities to develop both measures of internal efficiency and of external effectiveness.
Originality/value
The literature review identified a lack of empirical data available on the charity sector; this paper tries to fill that gap.
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Dionysis Skarmeas and Haseeb A. Shabbir
The current study aims to examine the extent to which donor religiosity and self‐construal encourage the development of donor‐perceived relationship quality and intention to give…
Abstract
Purpose
The current study aims to examine the extent to which donor religiosity and self‐construal encourage the development of donor‐perceived relationship quality and intention to give in the future. Donor‐perceived relationship quality is conceptualised as a higher‐order construct composed of trust, commitment, and satisfaction.
Design/methodology/approach
The study employed a personally administered structured questionnaire to collect data. A total of 227 completed questionnaires was analysed. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to assess the measurement properties of the study constructs. Structural equation modelling using a full estimation approach was performed to test the proposed research model.
Findings
The study results indicate that religiosity and self‐construal are important contributors of relationship quality, while religiosity and relationship quality have a direct impact on intention toward future giving.
Research limitations/implications
The study findings provide practitioners in the fundraising sector in the UK with useful insights on relationship fundraising. Relationship quality should be developed in the context of an integrated charity‐donor dyad, in order to enhance the likelihood of giving behaviour. Also, charities may find advantage in targeting religious and relationally interdependent self‐construal individuals. Replication of this research within other settings is needed to test the external validity of the present findings.
Originality/value
The main contribution of this study lies in that it investigates the impact of religiosity and self‐construal on perceived relationship quality in the charity‐donor context, which is largely unexplored in the extant literature.
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This chapter reviews the economic turn in criminology to contextualise the prominence of market rationalities in penal privatisation and outsourcing in England and Wales. It…
Abstract
Purpose
This chapter reviews the economic turn in criminology to contextualise the prominence of market rationalities in penal privatisation and outsourcing in England and Wales. It illuminates how fiscal crisis and austerity have provided opportunities for transferring state penal assets and powers to private interests on an unprecedented scale. A series of scandals relating to fraud and mismanagement by private companies have revealed regulatory gaps and wilful oversight on the part of legislators. These factors virtually guarantee that state regulators will continue to be disadvantaged in asserting the public interest.
Design/methodology/approach
The chapter brings together the literatures on prison privatisation with theoretical critiques of neoliberal influences on state disaggregation. It applies those insights to recent trends and controversies surrounding the privatisation of prison and probation services in England and Wales.
Findings
The race to privatise more prisons and resettlement provisions in England and Wales is placing additional strains on an already inadequate regulatory system, which virtually guarantees that future scandals and crises relating to private sector custodianship will recur.
Originality/value
This chapter explores the under-appreciated criminogenic and governmental challenges to the regulatory environment which are brought about by outsourcing.
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Bappaditya Biswas and Ashish Kumar Sana
Terrorism finance (TF) has been aptly termed as the lifeblood of terrorism. TF provides funds for terrorist activities. Terrorists mobilize funds by using the formal banking…
Abstract
Terrorism finance (TF) has been aptly termed as the lifeblood of terrorism. TF provides funds for terrorist activities. Terrorists mobilize funds by using the formal banking system, informal value-transfer systems, hawalas, Hundis, and the oldest method of asset transfer. They may raise funds from legitimate sources, such as personal donations and profits from businesses and charitable organizations, as well as from criminal sources, like the drug trade, the smuggling of weapons and other goods, fraud, kidnapping, and extortion. Countering the financing of terrorism is a far greater challenge throughout the world. The objectives of the chapter are as follows: (1) to identify the different sources of terrorism financing, (2) to analyze various ways of moving terrorism funds globally, and (3) to examine the initiatives taken to counter terrorism financing.
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This paper examines the decision‐making process of retirement housing purchasers and seeks to determine its effectiveness by comparing and contrasting some of the data obtained…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines the decision‐making process of retirement housing purchasers and seeks to determine its effectiveness by comparing and contrasting some of the data obtained from the research.
Design/methodology/approach
A sample of about 200 respondents was selected from all purchasers of retirement housing in the West Midlands region of England. Semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 20 respondents.
Findings
The findings demonstrate that the majority of retirement housing purchasers undertake limited decision‐making: they consider only the scheme in which a property is eventually bought, and they are very satisfied with their purchase.
Originality/value
Satisfaction with the outcome of the decision‐making process is surely more important than the nature of the process itself, however, inappropriate that process seems to be in terms of the theory of buyer behaviour. It is questionable whether there is a need for third parties to intervene in the process if the valuable resources of public and voluntary/charitable sector agencies can be better used elsewhere.
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Margaret Graham and J. John Lennon
The majority of Scottish visitor attractions can also be defined as non‐profit making cultural heritage organisations to include historic buildings, museums and art galleries…
Abstract
The majority of Scottish visitor attractions can also be defined as non‐profit making cultural heritage organisations to include historic buildings, museums and art galleries. Goals of achievement within this sector involve other, longer established priorities other than tourism. For example, internal quality benchmarks within the public sector are led by best value management to facilitate quality public services at lowest cost and combat exclusion. In the wider attraction field these techniques are also applied to achieve best practice and to target new audiences. This paper draws from two national visitor attraction surveys. It highlights the dilemma facing HRM and HRD experts when trying to formulate a HRS for such a diverse workforce to include a high level of seasonal workers and volunteers. The paper recommends that any HRS needs to be flexible enough to schedule this unique workforce towards achieving the distinctive objectives of each attraction’s organisational mission.
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Jyoti D. Mahadeo and Teerooven Soobaroyen
Purpose – The objective of this paper is to examine how state-owned entities (SOEs) engage with the requirements of the corporate governance code in an African developing economy…
Abstract
Purpose – The objective of this paper is to examine how state-owned entities (SOEs) engage with the requirements of the corporate governance code in an African developing economy (Mauritius).
Approach – A content analysis of the annual reports of SOEs and National Audit Office (NAO) reports is undertaken. This is supplemented by semi-structured interviews with relevant directors and regulatory bodies.
Findings – We report a substantial non-implementation of the code and identify several impediments to the transposing of the corporate governance model to the state-owned entities. The salient issues relate to the inadequate definition of SOEs in the code, the different conceptualisations of ownership and accountability, the influence of political rivalries and the low level of financial accountability in SOEs. We also consider our findings in relation to the theoretical perspectives of ‘efficiency gains’ and ‘social legitimation’.
Originality/value – Very few studies have looked into the applicability of codes of corporate governance in SOEs. In spite of the prominence of SOEs in many African developing countries, empirical evidence on corporate governance implementation in such entities has been scant.
Recommendations/implications – The findings are of relevance to policy-makers and regulators who seek to rely on mainstream corporate governance principles and practices to enhance the accountability and transparency of SOEs. Key enabling conditions for corporate governance implementation involve a depoliticisation of board appointments and a redefinition of the accountability relationships between SOEs and their ultimate owner (i.e. elected representatives and taxpayers).
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Mohammad Shahid, Yasin Ahmed Sulub, Mohammed Meeran Jasir Mohtesham and Mohammad Abdullah
This study aims to explore commonalities and differences between Islamic social finance (ISF) and sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore commonalities and differences between Islamic social finance (ISF) and sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Design/methodology/approach
The study has adopted a qualitative library-based research method, and the secondary data is collected through the available literature on the topic.
Findings
This study concludes that the majority of SDGs are compatible with ISF. Moreover, it finds that the global ISF possesses adequate financial resources to assist Muslim majority nations in achieving some of the most critical and urgent SDGs on time.
Research limitations/implications
The scope of this study is confined to examining the possible role of ISF in achieving many of the most pressing development goals aligned with the SDGs. To maintain coherence within the study’s focus, this paper makes no comparisons between the ISF and other types of endowments/charities.
Practical implications
This paper outlines an agenda for the ISF-led development strategy and makes some crucial recommendations on how the global ISF might potentially lead the charge of Islamic charities in achieving the SDGs in Muslim majority nations.
Originality/value
This paper adds original value to the available literature on the potential of ISF and SDGs in the arena of development. The paper analyses the role of ISF in achieving the SDGs.
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