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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1987

Douglas K. Ferguson

The Fred Meyer Charitable Trust, Division of Library and Information Resources for the Northwest, has funded five research projects that will demonstrate the potential of various…

Abstract

The Fred Meyer Charitable Trust, Division of Library and Information Resources for the Northwest, has funded five research projects that will demonstrate the potential of various techniques and new technologies to facilitate communications and resource sharing in the Northwest. The experience and information derived from these projects will be of value to all libraries and information centers, not just those conducting the research. The techniques and technologies being evaluated include: simultaneous remote searching, which uses inexpensive terminals and modems; a mini‐computer‐based union list and resource sharing network (INFONET); networks using facsimile machines; networks that transmit documents that have been optically scanned into bit‐map image files; and use of optical character recognition equipment to capture ASCII machine‐readable information that can be broadcast by television stations to user‐sites. Contributors of reports are: Verl Anderson, Linda Brander, Millard F. Johnson, Jr., Bruce Morton, and Steve Smith. Summary observations are provided by Joseph R. Matthews.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. 5 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

Article
Publication date: 1 July 1981

A.D. Stiegler

Since translating is an office activity which, like other office activities, consists primarily of processing text, it is instructive to examine the reasons for automating text…

Abstract

Since translating is an office activity which, like other office activities, consists primarily of processing text, it is instructive to examine the reasons for automating text production. Most of these reasons will be equally applicable to the production of translated texts. We shall then investigate the current developments in machines and micro‐chip technology which are applicable to translation. These will include voice recognition and response and optical character recognition equipment amongst others.

Details

Aslib Proceedings, vol. 33 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0001-253X

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1980

JOHN WHITEHEAD

The ‘Office of the Future’, ‘Office Technology’, ‘Word Processing’, ‘Electronic Mail’, ‘Electronic Communications’, ‘Convergence’, ‘Information Management’. These are all terms…

Abstract

The ‘Office of the Future’, ‘Office Technology’, ‘Word Processing’, ‘Electronic Mail’, ‘Electronic Communications’, ‘Convergence’, ‘Information Management’. These are all terms included in the current list of buzz words used to describe current activities in the office technology area. Open the pages of almost any journal or periodical today and you will probably find an article or some reference to one or more of the above subjects. Long, detailed and highly technical theses are appearing on new techniques to automate and revolutionize the office environment. Facts and figures are quoted ad nauseam on the high current cost of writing a letter, filing letters, memos, reports and documents, trying to communicate with someone by telephone or other telecommunication means and, most significant of all, the high cost of people undertaking these never‐ending tasks. The high level of investment in factories and plants and the ever‐increasing fight to improve productivity by automating the dull, routine jobs are usually quoted and compared with the extremely low investment in improving and automating the equally tedious routine jobs in the office environment; the investment in the factory is quoted as being ten times greater per employee than in the office. This, however, is changing rapidly and investment on a large scale is already taking place in many areas as present‐day inflation bites hard, forcing many companies and organizations to take a much closer look at their office operations.

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Journal of Documentation, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1981

John Whitehead

Everyone here tonight must be aware by now that we have entered a new, technological era—in fact, a second industrial revolution. If you are not aware of the new developments…

Abstract

Everyone here tonight must be aware by now that we have entered a new, technological era—in fact, a second industrial revolution. If you are not aware of the new developments taking place you are either blind, deaf—or, even worse,—either not interested or of the opinion that it does not affect you personally. Either of the latter points can be fatal! Anyone who feels that they are not involved is going to become the Twentieth Century equivalent of the Dodo and anyone who is not interested in new technology is not, in my view, worthy of being called a professional—whatever his profession may be!

Details

Aslib Proceedings, vol. 33 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0001-253X

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1985

R.E. Wiggins

Ask what is meant by ‘Distributed Information Processing’ (DIP) and you are likely to receive as many varied answers as there are respondents. Depending on their background and…

Abstract

Ask what is meant by ‘Distributed Information Processing’ (DIP) and you are likely to receive as many varied answers as there are respondents. Depending on their background and experience, they may refer to such matters as distributed computing, communications networks, clustered mini‐computers, office automation, local area networks, personal computers; the list is virtually endless.

Details

Aslib Proceedings, vol. 37 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0001-253X

Article
Publication date: 1 September 2006

Clément Arsenault

Aims to measure syllable aggregation consistency of Romanized Chinese data in the title fields of bibliographic records. Also aims to verify if the term frequency distributions…

Abstract

Purpose

Aims to measure syllable aggregation consistency of Romanized Chinese data in the title fields of bibliographic records. Also aims to verify if the term frequency distributions satisfy conventional bibliometric laws.

Design/methodology/approach

Uses Cooper's interindexer formula to evaluate aggregation consistency within and between two sets of Chinese bibliographic data. Compares the term frequency distributions of polysyllabic words and monosyllabic characters (for vernacular and Romanized data) with the Lotka and the generalised Zipf theoretical distributions. The fits are tested with the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test.

Findings

Finds high internal aggregation consistency within each data set but some aggregation discrepancy between sets. Shows that word (polysyllabic) distributions satisfy Lotka's law but that character (monosyllabic) distributions do not abide by the law.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are limited to only two sets of bibliographic data (for aggregation consistency analysis) and to one set of data for the frequency distribution analysis. Only two bibliometric distributions are tested. Internal consistency within each database remains fairly high. Therefore the main argument against syllable aggregation does not appear to hold true. The analysis revealed that Chinese words and characters behave differently in terms of frequency distribution but that there is no noticeable difference between vernacular and Romanized data. The distribution of Romanized characters exhibits the worst case in terms of fit to either Lotka's or Zipf's laws, which indicates that Romanized data in aggregated form appear to be a preferable option.

Originality/value

Provides empirical data on consistency and distribution of Romanized Chinese titles in bibliographic records.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 62 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 October 2017

Johan Jarlbrink and Pelle Snickars

The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the digitized newspaper collection at the National Library of Sweden, focusing on cultural heritage as digital noise. In what…

2910

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the digitized newspaper collection at the National Library of Sweden, focusing on cultural heritage as digital noise. In what specific ways are newspapers transformed in the digitization process? If the digitized document is not the same as the source document – is it still a historical record, or is it transformed into something else?

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have analyzed the XML files from Aftonbladet 1830 to 1862. The most frequent newspaper words not matching a high-quality references corpus were selected to zoom in on the noisiest part of the paper. The variety of the interpretations generated by optical character recognition (OCR) was examined, as well as texts generated by auto-segmentation. The authors have made a limited ethnographic study of the digitization process.

Findings

The research shows that the digital collection of Aftonbladet contains extreme amounts of noise: millions of misinterpreted words generated by OCR, and millions of texts re-edited by the auto-segmentation tool. How the tools work is mostly unknown to the staff involved in the digitization process? Sticking to any idea of a provenance chain is hence impossible, since many steps have been outsourced to unknown factors affecting the source document.

Originality/value

The detail examination of digitally transformed newspapers is valuable to scholars depending on newspaper databases in their research. The paper also highlights the fact that libraries outsourcing digitization processes run the risk of losing control over the quality of their collections.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 73 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

Content available
Article
Publication date: 1 June 2004

38

Abstract

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 33 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 2004

Rajesh Chandrakar

India is a country rich in diversity in languages, cultures, customs and religions. Records of this complete culture, secret manuscripts and related documents of the respective…

934

Abstract

India is a country rich in diversity in languages, cultures, customs and religions. Records of this complete culture, secret manuscripts and related documents of the respective religions, and 3,000 years of Indian history are available in their respective languages in different museums and libraries across the country. When the automation of libraries started in India, immediately the issue of localization of library and museum databases emerged. The issue became even more apparent with the advent of digital libraries and interoperability. At the start of automation, in the absence of proper standards, professionals tried to romanize documents as computers used to accept only binary digits of roman script to represent the English language. Later, the development of a new technology, ISCII, which is an extended form of the ASCII values from 126 to 255, helped library professionals in either developing the bilingual bibliographic databases or bilingual text files on DOS or Unix based applications. Gradually the font for Windows‐based applications was developed for creating Web sites or document files. But now, with the requirement of different languages in the world including Indian, there is a forum available called “Unicode, Inc.” which provides a solution to the localization problem of the world's languages. In this paper, Unicode as a multilingual standard is explained and the related technology available for localizing the Indian language materials is discussed.

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 22 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1987

Jeff Downing and June Koelker

An intelligent building incorporates two key components: automated building control systems and information management control systems. Automated building control systems include…

Abstract

An intelligent building incorporates two key components: automated building control systems and information management control systems. Automated building control systems include energy management systems, automated security and fire systems, and network life‐support systems. Information management control systems include telecommunications, data networking, local area networks, and other short and long haul networks. When these systems are linked together with common wiring and central controls, the building becomes intelligent. The integration of these components in Infomart, a high‐tech facility located in Dallas, Texas, is described. The usage of these components by tenants, and their possible application to library buildings are discussed.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. 5 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

1 – 10 of over 4000