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The purpose of the study is to examine the livelihood impacts, any inequalities and poverty consequences in the special administration region of Macao, following the liberalization of the gaming industry and the subsequent development of casino resorts.

A descriptive research design was used, which adopted the case study method to conduct this research study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify and gain better understanding of the impacts influencing residents’ livelihoods. Content analysis was used to analyze the data.

The findings identified and examined the major livelihood impacts affecting local residents, and the recommendations of local residents in addressing these impacts were provided.

The research was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study. To fully understand holistically the recent casino development and monitor the likelihood outcomes, a longitudinal study could be undertaken. The unit of analysis for this study was individual residents. Not all stakeholders representing different groups and organizations in the community were included, such as local authorities and community groups.

The result of this paper can provide policy-makers, planners and non-government organizations with a better view of the consequences of casino tourism development. The study will extend our knowledge of casino tourism development and enhance decision-making regarding tourism development that can deliver “real” rather than perceived benefits for all in the community.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the casino development and regulation in Macau and Singapore. The paper also seeks to assess the potential for casino development in Asia, with a particular focus on the prospects of Japan's casino resorts.

The paper reviews the gaming history, gaming/tourism policies and casino regulations of Macau and Singapore. The key aspects concerned with the casino development in Asia are also examined.

The paper identifies the fundamentals that have contributed to the prosperity of casino resorts in Macau and Singapore, as well as highlights the potential and challenges for the casino developments in Japan and other Asian destinations.

A number of legal and tourism-related factors are identified to be the determinants of casino development. However, more research is needed to examine the political, economic and socio-cultural factors associated with casino gaming.

The paper, discussing the casino development and regulation in Macau and Singapore, provides practical implications for the design of gaming/tourism policy and casino control in Japan and other prospective gaming jurisdictions.

The paper contributes to the growing body of literature on the gaming law and casino development in Asia and provides insights for policymakers contemplating the adoption of casinos as a strategic policy for tourism development and economic growth.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of ethics and codes of responsible behaviour in Macao’s casino tourism industry given its global leadership position in gaming, with suggestions on a way forward toward ethical tourism integration.

The research examined the corporate mission statements of Macao’s casino concessionaires with regards to social message content as well as social outcomes to date within Macao’s various tourism stakeholders. Relevant literature on cross-sector social partnership was examined as a possible consideration for Macao’s tourism industry.

Despite generating the world’s largest gaming revenues and tourism revenue contribution to gross domestic product, there are limited codes of ethics and an agreed level of acceptable behaviour and responsibility throughout Macao’s tourism and hospitality industry. This is further amplified by Macao’s small landmass, limited workforce pool, increasing tourism arrivals and a vast dependency on imports, creating a constant battle for resources and added pressure on its community and natural environment.

There are possible conflicts between Western casino compliance issues within those of Chinese business cultural practices. It is suggested that greater appreciation of this cultural and community setting is required to realistically adopt ethical codes.

There has been limited discussion within Macao’s tourism industry on establishing a definition and scope for a code of ethics. Given the numbers participating and financial liquidity in Macao’s tourism system, the paper highlights the need for codes of ethics adoption, suggesting a cross-sector social partnership mechanism.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the barriers to casino development, asking how they can be minimized, and how might casino resorts drive tourism growth most effectively?

An extensive review of literature on casino development is reviewed and analyzed.

This paper supports the proposition that casinos can be used to provide attractions that will benefit tourism destinations.

This paper provides useful insights for tourism planning, governmental management of gaming jurisdictions, and gaming executives on the social costs and benefits of gaming. The paper focuses on how to reduce the social costs and maximize the value created by the economic benefits.

The author proposes a model where future casino development should be required to support other entertainment options, such as live entertainment and restaurants at tourism destinations.

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to profile the casino gaming industry in Niagara Falls Canada, home to Canada's largest and busiest casino infrastructure. The research also investigated the larger role played by casino gaming to the overall tourism industry and economy of the greater Niagara Falls region. Design/methodology/approach – Research methods included a comprehensive literature review combined with a structured interview with a leading executive in Niagara casino resort operations. Findings – The Canadian gaming industry has experienced significant growth in revenues, participation rates, and employment in the last decade. Major shifts in the core customer base of Canadian Niagara casino resorts have occurred in the past decade as a result of major valuation changes between US and Canadian currencies, significant challenges in border crossings for US visitors to Canada and the growth and development of new casino resorts operated by the Seneca Indian nations in neighboring New York State. Originality/value – An up‐to‐date synopsis of current operating challenges and opportunities for the casino gaming sector in the Niagara region is provided. Results should be of interest to academics, gaming and tourism officials and potential investors.

This paper aims to analyze how a real-time COVID-19 pandemic is impacting Macao’s hospitality industry, and illustrates why lessons from COVID-19 are an opportunity for further development for the city.

This case study highlights local government and hospitality industry responses to a real-time crisis. Academic studies, media news and reports have been collected to illustrate why the Macao’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic could be taken as a city case study example. Previous crisis experience provided guidance to Macao’s success in this pandemic.

Macao has succeeded in managing the adverse effects of COVID-19, illustrating the coexistence of challenges and opportunities from experiencing the epidemic. With no COVID-19 cases in the city, cross-border tourism with China resumed in September. Macao is undeniably over reliant on the gambling industry to provide tax income and employment, creating an unbalanced industrial structure. However, the Chinese and Macao Governments, the hospitality industry and other stakeholders, have presented high levels of engagement, unity and rational courses of action during the pandemic. This paper examines Macao’s two orientations – intra and post-coronavirus – which are shown to be instrumental in the city’s future tourism development.

As the paper is Macao-specific, some generalization may not be applicable. The lessons and strategies proposed in the paper may only be theoretically and temporarily workable in this real-time situation. However, as COVID-19 will remain for some time globally, the efficacy of the findings justifies further ongoing analysis and application beyond Macao.

The case offers a first-hand analysis on the governance of Macao to negate the impacts of COVID-19, enabling a comprehensive review on the practices and policies that were effective during the virus outbreak. There is reference for researchers and practitioners in the public policy domain, and particularly in the area of crisis management and destination resilience. The result is worthy of future exploration on how the mechanism of centralized government facilitates risk management, and the rebuilding of a tourism economy in a crisis context, comparing this to other national systems.

This paper aims to provide an understanding of the influence of a casino on local inhabitants.

The research reports on the findings of a longitudinal study conducted over a period of eight years which consisted of three identical surveys of local Hamilton residents to determine perceptions regarding having a casino in town. It was felt that the longitudinal approach could bring richness and new dimension to a quantitative research.

The study found that over the eight‐year period there were very few changes in the perceptions of local Hamilton residents, both those who had been to the casino and those who had not been to the casino. It was of particular interest to note the gender difference between males and females regarding positive and negative aspects of the casino.

The study reinforces the differences in perception of local people between those who have and have not visited the casino. This indicates that promotional activities to those who have not visited the casino may be beneficial to the overall community views and thus overall perception of casinos.

The paper provides industry with an understanding of the perceptions of local resident attitudes toward casinos over an extended period of time.

The purpose of this paper is to explore efforts to create alternative and special interest tourism products and services in order to help mitigate the severe seasonality of sun and sea tourism that has affected the island nation of Cyprus for decades.

The paper is qualitative in nature and provides a systematic data review of the efforts to create alternative and special interest tourism activities in Cyprus and the main challenges Cyprus faces.

Findings reveal that for decades, policymakers and practitioners have made a significant effort to create alternatives to the traditional sun and sea tourism in the popular island destination of Cyprus. Further, different programs, initiatives, and projects have been undertaken to develop rural, health and wellness, wine and food, casino, religious, rural, sports and other types of tourism. These efforts mainly face challenges of insufficient demand and supply and they appear to have been hindered by a public sector “top-down” approach.

The paper provides a systematic review of data relating to efforts to create alternative and special interest tourism activities and destinations in Cyprus and a discussion of the related challenges and opportunities.

This paper aims to present the case for a new integrated resort business model. It does so by integrating the notion of a smart tourism ecosystem into the concept of dynamic capabilities so as to guide integrated resort theory and practice in an evolving landscape.

The theoretical model is derived from synthesising the gaps surrounding literature that contextualises business models and the relatively scarce body of knowledge related to integrated resort business models.

Integrated resorts are characterised by strategies using a follower mentality. Destinations seeking to create new integrated resorts largely emulate existing product or service points of differentiation, though such attempts are often quickly eroded by competition. By integrating the smart tourism ecosystem to the theoretical framework, this conceptual paper elucidates how an information-rich environment can help to better realise sustainable competitive advantages.

This conceptual paper will require empirical data to validate the theoretical model. Implications stemming from the research will hasten greater social networks that need to be incorporated to foster timely and necessary circulation of information to attain optimal outcomes generated by the dynamic capability effect.

This paper re-conceptualises the business model for integrated resorts. By integrating the notion of smart tourism ecosystems to business model literature, the paper illuminates how integrated resorts can be better positioned in adapting to the changing operating environments.

The purpose of this concluding paper is to distill several guiding principles, as to how communities can manage rapid tourism growth, drawn from the collection of articles in this theme issue. The paper provides a concise, grounded case study to anchor the overall conclusion of the theme issue.

It summarizes the essence of the different articles comprising the issue, identifies their common link to the strategic question and highlights the relevance of each.

The paper presents six guiding principles for managing rapid tourism growth, ranging from bolstering social support for residents’ livelihood and providing sustainable assistance for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to prioritizing community needs for transportation and mobility. Analytic tools to help mitigate the loss of place, identity and heritage and identify optimum levels of visitor numbers are also described.

The paper underscores problems emanating from rapid tourism growth and seeks to synthesize the disparate ideas on precipitous tourism-induced change by anchoring them largely (but not only) in the specific context of Macao as a highly urbanized city affected by rapid tourism growth.