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Book part
Publication date: 24 August 2011

Robert W. Rutledge, Khondkar E. Karim and Alan Reinstein

This study examines possible influences on the level of collaboration in published research by the most productive authors of accounting literature. Understanding the…

Abstract

This study examines possible influences on the level of collaboration in published research by the most productive authors of accounting literature. Understanding the collaboration tendencies of these authors should benefit early-career-stage accounting faculty. Seven factors are examined for the publications of 93 of the most productive accounting authors. These productive authors are found to include fewer coauthors on their publications early in their careers. The number of coauthors increases through their first 16 to 17 years and then decreases through the remainder of their careers. The results also indicate that productive accounting researchers include a greater number of coauthors on more recently published articles and on longer articles. Fewer coauthors are included when a productive author is affiliated with a “top-10” university or on articles published in highly ranked accounting journals. Lastly, the results show that prolific authors seek out coauthorship throughout their careers and usually include one or more coauthors on their publications. Implications from these results and specific suggestions for accounting faculty are discussed.

Details

Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-086-5

Article
Publication date: 7 October 2019

Dominic Peltier-Rivest and Carl Pacini

This paper aims to analyze drug counterfeiting, explains its risk factors and operating and legal environments reviews recent legal cases and develops a multi-stakeholder…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze drug counterfeiting, explains its risk factors and operating and legal environments reviews recent legal cases and develops a multi-stakeholder prevention strategy that includes forensic accounting methods.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a theoretical study based on legal case studies and the best forensic accounting strategies.

Findings

Pharmaceutical drug counterfeiting is a fast-growing fraud that so far has attracted little attention from forensic accountants. A recent estimate projects that criminals collect around $75bn annually in illicit sales from counterfeit drugs (Bairu, 2015). Pharmaceutical counterfeiting also leads to the loss of lives when criminals use lethal chemicals in the manufacturing of fake medicines (Liang, 2006a; Brown, 2005). Because the detection of drug counterfeiting is extremely difficult after fake medicines have been ingested by patients, the strategy developed in this paper is based on early discovery by using reliable tracking technologies and inventory management controls in the supply chain, conducting effective regulatory and legitimate customs inspections, and increasing consumer awareness of basic forensic accounting tools.

Research limitations/implications

This paper extends previous research by integrating various factors into a single multi-stakeholder prevention framework.

Practical implications

The paper presents a synthesized, comprehensive view of the drug fraud epidemic and analyzes concrete steps that can be taken to protect the pharmaceutical supply chain to reduce the loss of lives and monetary injuries.

Originality/value

No previous research has analyzed this issue from a multi-stakeholder point of view and used forensic accounting tools to complement a prevention strategy. The drug counterfeiting prevention strategy developed in this paper addresses the supply side, the regulatory enforcement side and the demand side.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 11 December 2006

Carl Pacini, William Hillison and Bradley K. Hobbs

Recent research has examined the effect of the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, more commonly known as the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (GLB), on the market value of U.S…

Abstract

Recent research has examined the effect of the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, more commonly known as the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (GLB), on the market value of U.S. commercial banks, life insurers, property-liability insurers, thrifts, finance companies, and securities firms. This study fills a gap in our understanding of the Act by measuring the price and trading volume effects of the GLB on U.S.-listed foreign banks. A primary contribution of this study is to examine the role, if any, of two corporate governance perspectives, the stakeholder (code law), and shareholder (common law) models, in a cross-sectional analysis of foreign bank market reaction to the GLB.

Using a generalized least squares (GLS) portfolio approach, Corrado's rank statistic, and confirmed by the traditional market model approach, we find significant negative share price reactions to certain legislative announcements surrounding the passage of the GLB. Trading volume reactions corroborate the significant share price responses. In general, our results indicate that investors in foreign banks reacted negatively to key legislative action. In a cross-sectional analysis, younger, higher-risk foreign banks with less concentrated ownership and more subordinated debt from countries with higher quality accounting standards appear to have more positive (or less negative) share price reactions.

Details

Research in Finance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-441-6

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2006

James L. Bierstaker, Richard G. Brody and Carl Pacini

The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which accountants, internal auditors, and certified fraud examiners use fraud prevention and detection methods, and their…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which accountants, internal auditors, and certified fraud examiners use fraud prevention and detection methods, and their perceptions regarding the effectiveness of these methods.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was administered to 86 accountants, internal auditors and certified fraud examiners.

Findings

The results indicate that firewalls, virus and password protection, and internal control review and improvement are quite commonly used to combat fraud. However, discovery sampling, data mining, forensic accountants, and digital analysis software are not often used, despite receiving high ratings of effectiveness. In particular, organizational use of forensic accountants and digital analysis were the least often used of any anti‐fraud method but had the highest mean effectiveness ratings. The lack of use of these highly effective methods may be driven by lack of firm resources.

Practical implications

Organizations should consider the cost/benefit tradeoff in investing in highly effective but potentially underutilized methods to prevent or detect fraud. While the costs may seem prohibitive for small organizations, substantial cost savings from reduced fraud losses may also be significant.

Originality/value

By identifying methods that work well for fraud detection and prevention, prescriptive information can be provided to accounting practitioners, internal auditors, and fraud examiners.

Details

Managerial Auditing Journal, vol. 21 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-6902

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 4 March 2008

Carl Pacini, William Hillison and David Marlett

Extant research on non-financial service firms indicates that board size is a key determinant of firm performance. Property-liability (P&L) insurers, however, face a different set…

Abstract

Extant research on non-financial service firms indicates that board size is a key determinant of firm performance. Property-liability (P&L) insurers, however, face a different set of agency costs and a more intense regulatory environment than most non-financial firms. Both of these factors were reinforced by the implementation of the Financial Services Modernization Act in 2000. We document a significant inverse relation between publicly traded P&L insurer performance and board size in the post-Financial Services Modernization Act period. Publicly traded P&L insurer performance, measured by market-to-book ratio, return on revenues, and the operating ratio, was enhanced for firms with smaller board sizes in 2000 and 2001. Ironically, we find that publicly traded P&L insurers on average increased board size in 2000 and 2001. In a post-Financial Services Modernization Act environment, board size appears to be related to publicly traded P&L insurer performance, but more research is necessary to develop a complete understanding of its role in P&L insurer corporate governance.

Details

Research in Finance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-549-9

Book part
Publication date: 13 August 2012

Carl Pacini, Mushfiq Swaleheen and Katherine Barker

Empirical research demonstrates that bribery has a detrimental impact on investment, economic growth, trade, and democratic governments. In response to rising bribery activity and…

Abstract

Empirical research demonstrates that bribery has a detrimental impact on investment, economic growth, trade, and democratic governments. In response to rising bribery activity and the additional burdens placed on corporate officials by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, enforcement of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 has reached an all-time high. Although many managers, financial officers, entrepreneurs, and auditors are aware of the FCPA's objectives and mandates, many do not do an adequate job of protecting their firms, employees, and/or clients from fines and prison sentences. The purposes of this paper are to (1) analyze and describe bribery and FCPA case filings, sanctions, payments (bribes), and value of business to be obtained; (2) describe and analyze the important provisions of the FCPA; (3) discuss vicarious liability or the liability of U.S. firms and others for the acts of third parties; and (4) make recommendations to help firms improve their compliance with the FCPA.

Details

Research on Professional Responsibility and Ethics in Accounting
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-761-1

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2005

Abstract

Details

Advances in Accounting Education: Teaching and Curriculum Innovations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-869-8

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2002

Carl Pacini, Judyth Swingen and Hudson Rogers

The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions went into force in February 1999. This article defines the extent and…

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Abstract

The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions went into force in February 1999. This article defines the extent and consequences of bribery, describes the adoption and analyzes the major provisions of the OECD Convention, with a special emphasis on Article 8, which contains accounting and auditing provisions, and its implications for auditing. It also analyzes the role of the Convention in promoting transparency and accountability in financial reporting.

Details

Managerial Auditing Journal, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-6902

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 January 2007

Carl Pacini, Li Hui Qiu and David Sinason

This paper seeks to provide auditors, forensic accountants, investigators, regulators, financial managers, lawyers, law enforcement personnel, academics, and others with a basic…

718

Abstract

Purpose

This paper seeks to provide auditors, forensic accountants, investigators, regulators, financial managers, lawyers, law enforcement personnel, academics, and others with a basic overview of the steps in and elements of a qui tam legal claim, limitations on a qui tam claim, protection for a whistleblower employee, and the role of qui tam litigation in the fight against fraud.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of types of recent qui tam fraud cases is highlighted for the reader. The steps in filing a qui tam claim are described along with the limitations of pursuing such a lawsuit. The paper includes a statutory and legal case study analysis of each required element of proof in a qui tam claim. Analysis of actual qui tam court cases illustrates the importance of private civil lawsuits in combating fraud committed against the US Government.

Findings

This paper provides readers with information about the substantial recoveries earned by successful qui tam plaintiffs. Also, the necessary steps in and elements of a qui tam suit are revealed. Technical legal details of various federal court rulings are distilled for readers. The important role of this unique type of lawsuit in the arsenal of those who fight against government fraud is emphasized.

Originality/value

This paper fills an identified need to inform those involved in the fight against economic crime about an important tool that uncovers and deters fraud against the federal government.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1999

William Hillison, Carl Pacini and David Sinason

External auditors are often not positioned to detect and report the occurrence of employee fraud. Internal auditors, however, can be an entity’s main line of defence against…

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Abstract

External auditors are often not positioned to detect and report the occurrence of employee fraud. Internal auditors, however, can be an entity’s main line of defence against fraud. In this article, the authors identify: the fraud risks and signals that internal auditors should recognize, the assistance that internal auditors can provide external auditors in implementing SAS No. 82 and complying with Title III of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, and the affirmative steps internal auditors can take to prevent, deter, detect, and report fraud. The future is not promising, however. All three aspects of the fraud model – pressure, opportunity, and rationalization – appear to be moving in the direction of increasing the risk of fraud. The potential for increased fraud demands a sharpened focus by the internal auditor.

Details

Managerial Auditing Journal, vol. 14 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-6902

Keywords

21 – 30 of 42