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Book part
Publication date: 2 October 2012

Coping Proactively with Economic Stress: Career Adaptability in the Face of Job Insecurity, Job Loss, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Ute-Christine Klehe, Jelena Zikic, Annelies E.M. van Vianen, Jessie Koen and Maximilian Buyken

Economic stressors such as job insecurity, job loss, unemployment, and underemployment cause severe difficulties for the workers affected, their families, organizations…

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Abstract

Economic stressors such as job insecurity, job loss, unemployment, and underemployment cause severe difficulties for the workers affected, their families, organizations, and societies overall. Consequently, most past research has taken a thoroughly negative perspective on economic stress, addressing its diverse negative consequences and the ways that people try to cope with them. And even when following the advice provided by the scientific literature, people affected by economic stress will usually end up being off worse than they were before the onset of the stressor.

The current chapter pays credit to this perspective yet also tries to counterbalance it with an alternative one. While acknowledging the vast amount of literature outlining the negative consequences of economic stress on peoples’ well-being and careers, some literature also points at opportunities for a more positive perspective. More specifically, we argue that affected people can use a wide repertoire of behaviors for handling their current situation. Of particular promise in this regard is the concept of career adaptability, generally defined as the ability to change to fit into new career-related circumstances. Indeed, studies show that under certain conditions, career adaptability can facilitate people's search for not just any job but for a qualitatively better job, thus breaking through the spiral of losses usually associated with economic stress.

For the purpose of this argument, we link career adaptability to the concept of proactive coping, analyzing how and under which conditions career adaptability may present a contextualized form of proactive coping. We then address known personal and situational antecedents of career adaptability and show how career adaptability may be fostered and trained among different types of job seekers. We end this chapter with a discussion of open questions as well as directions for future research.

Details

The Role of the Economic Crisis on Occupational Stress and Well Being
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3555(2012)0000010008
ISBN: 978-1-78190-005-5

Keywords

  • Career adaptability (career planning, career exploration)
  • proactivity
  • proactive coping
  • job insecurity
  • job loss and unemployment

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Article
Publication date: 5 November 2018

Antecedents and outcomes of Hungarian nurses’ career adaptability

Sofija Pajic, Ádám Keszler, Gábor Kismihók, Stefan T. Mol and Deanne N. Den Hartog

With the ageing global population the demand for nursing jobs and the requirements for complex care provision are increasing. In consequence, nursing professionals need to…

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Abstract

Purpose

With the ageing global population the demand for nursing jobs and the requirements for complex care provision are increasing. In consequence, nursing professionals need to be ready to adapt, obtain variety of skills and engage in career self-management. The purpose of this paper is to investigate individual, micro-level, resources and behaviors that can facilitate matching processes between nursing professionals and their jobs.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey-based study was conducted among 314 part-time and full-time nursing professionals in Hungary.

Findings

Consistent with the career construction theory, this study offers evidence on career adaptability as a self-regulatory resource that might stimulate nurses’ adaptation outcomes. Specifically, it demonstrates positive relationships between adaptive readiness (proactive personality and conscientiousness), career adaptability, adapting behaviors (career planning and proactive skill development) and adaptation outcomes (employability and in-role performance).

Research limitations/implications

The cross-sectional design limits causal inference. Relatively small sample of full-time professionals for whom supervisory-ratings were obtained yields the need of further replication.

Practical implications

Stimulating development of nurses’ career adaptability, career planning, and proactive skill development can contribute to sustainable career management. It can facilitate the alignment of nurses to performance requirements of their current jobs, preventing individual person-job mismatch.

Originality/value

Zooming into the context of nursing professionals in Hungary, the study elucidates the understudied link between adaptivity and adapting responses and answers the call for more research that employs other-ratings of adaptation outcomes. It demonstrates the value of career adaptability resources for nurses’ employability and in-role performance.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 39 no. 8
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-10-2018-0334
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

  • Job performance
  • Employability
  • Nurses
  • Career adaptability

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Article
Publication date: 3 January 2017

Career adaptability as a strategic competence for career development: An exploratory study of its key predictors

Federica Bocciardi, Andrea Caputo, Chiara Fregonese, Viviana Langher and Riccardo Sartori

In the current labour market, the competence to adapt is becoming significantly relevant for career development and career success. The construct of career adaptability…

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Abstract

Purpose

In the current labour market, the competence to adapt is becoming significantly relevant for career development and career success. The construct of career adaptability, i.e. the capability to adapt to changing career-related circumstances and predict advancement in career development, seems to provide a fruitful scientific base for successful career intervention. The purpose of the study is exploratory, with the aim of providing new findings about the key predictors of this meta-competence that are relevant for career development.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a web-based survey, a convenience sample of 230 working participants completed an online questionnaire, including socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, education), professional status (role seniority, sector of employment, professional role), professional development-related features (training, new professional assignments, financial incentives) and psychological factors (work self-efficacy, search for work self-efficacy and job satisfaction). Four-step hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to understand which of these factors account for the most career adaptability variance.

Findings

Results highlight that work self-efficacy, search for work self-efficacy and education play a significant role in predicting career adaptability. Surprisingly, professional development-related features and professional status do not seem to have a relevant influence.

Practical implications

Training and career-development professionals can improve their understanding of which career-related skills and attitudes can increase one’s capability to cope with sudden changes and instability of the current labour market.

Originality/value

This study supports previous research, addressing the importance of career adaptability in times of dramatic change. It also provides some insight into the factors that could predict it.

Details

European Journal of Training and Development, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2016-0049
ISSN: 2046-9012

Keywords

  • HRM
  • Career development
  • Career adaptability
  • Career construction
  • Competence development
  • Work self-efficacy

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2020

Career adaptability of South Korean engineering students: Personal and contextual influencing factors

Sunyoung Park and Su Yeong Park

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of mastery goal orientation, support for career development, career decision-making self-efficacy and engineering interest…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of mastery goal orientation, support for career development, career decision-making self-efficacy and engineering interest in career adaptability for engineering students.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 307 Korean engineering students from two universities. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze data and examine the relationships among the variables.

Findings

The results indicated that the level of mastery of goal orientation and support for career development significantly affected career decision-making self-efficacy. Engineering students’ career decision-making self-efficacy also positively influenced their engineering interests and career adaptability. Finally, the students’ engineering interest positively affected their career adaptability.

Originality/value

This study demonstrated that important factors for career planning and development need to be successively considered during the career choice process by linking it to career decision-making self-efficacy, engineering interest and career adaptability (career choice action), in consecutive order.

Details

European Journal of Training and Development, vol. 44 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-10-2019-0181
ISSN: 2046-9012

Keywords

  • South Korea
  • Career adaptability
  • Mastery goal orientation
  • Support for career development
  • Career decision making self-efficacy
  • Engineering interest

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Book part
Publication date: 7 June 2010

Insights from vocational and career developmental theories: their potential contributions for advancing the understanding of employee turnover

Peter W. Hom, Frederick T.L. Leong and Juliya Golubovich

This chapter applies three of the most prominent theories in vocational and career psychology to further illuminate the turnover process. Prevailing theories about…

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Abstract

This chapter applies three of the most prominent theories in vocational and career psychology to further illuminate the turnover process. Prevailing theories about attrition have rarely integrated explanatory constructs from vocational research, though career (and job) choices clearly have implications for employee affect and loyalty to a chosen job in a career field. Despite remarkable inroads by new perspectives for explaining turnover, career, and vocational formulations can nonetheless enrich these – and conventional – formulations about why incumbents stay or leave their jobs. To illustrate, vocational theories can help clarify why certain shocks (critical events precipitating thoughts of leaving) drive attrition and what embeds incumbents. In particular, this chapter reviews Super's life-span career theory, Holland's career model, and social cognitive career theory and describes how they can fill in theoretical gaps in the understanding of organizational withdrawal.

Details

Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0742-7301(2010)0000029006
ISBN: 978-0-85724-126-9

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Article
Publication date: 8 June 2010

Personality and career decisiveness: An international empirical comparison of business students' career planning

Marjaana Gunkel, Christopher Schlaegel, Ian M. Langella and Joy V. Peluchette

The purpose of this paper is two‐fold: first, the degree to which career adaptability, career optimism, and career knowledge predict career decisiveness in China, Germany…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is two‐fold: first, the degree to which career adaptability, career optimism, and career knowledge predict career decisiveness in China, Germany, and the US is to be examined; second, the effect of the five personality traits on the determinants of career decisiveness, on career decisiveness, and on the relation between career decisiveness and its determinants in the three countries is to be investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The sample consists of 555 business students from three countries: China (196), Germany (210), and the USA (149). A two‐stage OLS regression analysis was applied for assessing the relation between career decisiveness, its determinants, and the personality traits.

Findings

The results show that personality traits have direct and moderating effects on career decisiveness and its antecedents. In addition, the influence of personality and the antecedents of career decisiveness differ in the three countries examined.

Research limitations/implications

The conclusions of this study may be subject to several limitations that suggest further possibilities for empirical research, e.g. the study does not examine the influence of cultural traits on career decisiveness, its determinants, and their relation.

Practical implications

The identified cross‐country differences lead to the need for diverse career counseling for students with different personalities in different countries.

Originality/value

So far research on students' career decisiveness has focused only on national samples. The explorative paper examines the influence of personality traits on business students' career decisiveness in three countries.

Details

Personnel Review, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011045443
ISSN: 0048-3486

Keywords

  • Personality
  • Career development
  • Business studies
  • China
  • Germany
  • United States of America

Content available
Article
Publication date: 3 October 2019

Career adaptability and university-to-work transition: Effects on graduates’ employment status

Sílvia Monteiro, Maria do Céu Taveira and Leandro Almeida

In a socioeconomic context that is undergoing continuous change, career adaptability emerges as a central construct for understanding the employability of graduates. The…

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Abstract

Purpose

In a socioeconomic context that is undergoing continuous change, career adaptability emerges as a central construct for understanding the employability of graduates. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze intra-individual differences in career adaptability among graduates between the end of graduation (time 1) and integration into the labor market 18 months later (time 2); and second, to analyze the effect of career adaptability on graduates’ employment status 18 months after completing graduation.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 183 graduates in four different study fields (Economics, Engineering, Social Sciences and Humanities and Law) completed the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale at two different points in time: when they graduated and 18 months after graduation. To assess intra-individual differences over time and the effect of career adaptability on graduates’ employment status, a repeated measures design was used.

Findings

The obtained results confirmed a positive association of the four dimensions of career adaptability, with higher scores for the group of employed graduates, in the two measurement times. No statistical differences emerged within personal variables.

Practical implications

This study evidences the relation of career adaptability and employability and demonstrates that it is possible to identify those students who are more vulnerable in terms of career adaptability resources before university-to-work transition and, on this basis, to outline specific interventions to promote their employability.

Originality/value

By adopting a design with two repeated measures of career adaptability, this study offers new insights about the specific role of adaptability in a university-to-work transition period.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 61 no. 9
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-10-2018-0206
ISSN: 0040-0912

Keywords

  • Employment
  • Graduates
  • Career adaptability
  • Work-transition

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Article
Publication date: 14 May 2018

Personality traits and intrapreneurship: the mediating effect of career adaptability

Hyung Rok Woo

The purpose of this paper is to discover the antecedents of intrapreneurship. Based on career construction theory and prior personality studies, this study examined the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discover the antecedents of intrapreneurship. Based on career construction theory and prior personality studies, this study examined the mediating effects of career adaptability on the relation between personality traits and intrapreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using employees from four Korean companies. The hypothesized research model was tested with 473 data using structural equation modeling. The bootstrap procedure and the phantom model approach were also employed to thoroughly examine the indirect effects of personality traits on intrapreneurship via career adaptability.

Findings

The results demonstrated that career adaptability mediated the overall relation between personality traits and intrapreneurship. Career adaptability completely mediated the relation between intrapreneurship and both openness and conscientiousness from the Big Five personality dimensions. Regarding extraversion, the mediating effects of career adaptability were not supported by the results, but the direct effects were found to be significant.

Practical implications

These findings offer new insights into the intrapreneurial talents required of employees in organizations. The application of the identified direct or indirect impact of personality traits through career adaptability may help human resource managers to select and foster potential intrapreneurs and facilitate career coaches in understanding employees’ assets and obstacles in developing intrapreneurial competencies.

Originality/value

This is the first empirical study to explore the mechanism between personality traits and intrapreneurship by examining the mediating role of career adaptability in the workplace and thereby this study contributes to bridging the gap of different research domains between intrapreneurship and career adaptability.

Details

Career Development International, vol. 23 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-02-2017-0046
ISSN: 1362-0436

Keywords

  • Corporate entrepreneurship
  • Personality traits
  • Intrapreneurship
  • Career adaptability
  • Career Adapt-Abilities Scale

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Article
Publication date: 3 December 2020

Predicting career adaptability of fresh graduates through personal factors

Ilyana Anas and Siti Raba’ah Hamzah

The purpose of this paper is to determine the contribution of personal factors towards career adaptability among fresh graduates who had been employed for less than two…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the contribution of personal factors towards career adaptability among fresh graduates who had been employed for less than two years. This cohort is considered as entry-level employees in organisations. Several dimensions of personal factors focussed in this study were self-esteem, conscientiousness, spiritual intelligence and social support.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey. This study sample comprised fresh graduate employees (n = 423) from four Malaysian public universities.

Findings

The regression model fitted the data; the personal factors significantly predicted fresh graduates’ career adaptability, F (4,418) = 31.982, p < 0.001. Conscientiousness showed the highest contribution compared to other variables, with social support being the lowest.

Practical implications

Owing to challenges faced by fresh graduates as entry-level employees, continuous career adaptation in the working environment is crucial for achieving satisfaction and success in life. All stakeholders, especially in higher education institutions, play an important role in inculcating the requisite personal traits in undergraduates to enhance their career adaptability upon joining the job market.

Originality/value

This study was conducted with fresh graduates as entry-level employees in Malaysia. It is hoped that the findings of this study would provide a better understanding of the impact of personal factors on career adaptability of fresh graduates in Malaysia so that the stakeholders involved could act accordingly to help fresh graduates enter the job market with the confidence to adapt to changes at the workplace.

Details

European Journal of Training and Development, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-02-2020-0023
ISSN: 2046-9012

Keywords

  • Social support
  • Career adaptability
  • Self-esteem
  • Conscientiousness
  • Spiritual intelligence
  • Fresh graduate

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Article
Publication date: 26 October 2020

The role of career competencies and proactive personality in early-career employee career adaptability

Ahmed Khamis AlKhemeiri, Khalizani Khalid and Norwahida Musa

Employees with high career competencies are more successful in career development. However, it is unclear whether proactivity matters for early-career employees. Thus…

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Abstract

Purpose

Employees with high career competencies are more successful in career development. However, it is unclear whether proactivity matters for early-career employees. Thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of career competencies and proactive personality on career adaptability and the moderating role of proactive personality in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a quantitative methodology, collecting data through online questionnaires from respondents (n = 400) who had less than five years of work experience in the UAE. A measurement model and hypotheses testing were conducted using AMOS software. Multigroup structural equation modelling was used to test the moderation model.

Findings

The results show a direct relationship between career competencies and career adaptability. However, a proactive personality is insignificantly related to career adaptability. Further, early-career employees with low proactive personality benefit from high career competencies.

Originality/value

This study offers contributions to the emerging understanding of career construction by emphasising the important role of career competencies for early-career employees who manifest a low proactive personality.

Details

European Journal of Training and Development, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-05-2020-0081
ISSN: 2046-9012

Keywords

  • Career adaptability
  • Career competencies
  • Proactive personality
  • Early-career
  • Employees
  • United Arab Emirates

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