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The purpose of this study is to provide information on how citizens in nine countries across Europe perceive egg product quality and the importance of a product's sustainability attributes (animal welfare, country of origin and production method) in egg purchases.

The data were gathered in 2021 via an online survey in nine European countries (Finland, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Romania and Denmark). A total of 3,601 responses were collected. As methods of analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted when investigating the quality dimensions of egg products and the differences amongst the sociodemographic groups.

Citizens in European countries considered animal welfare aspects, production method and country of origin important when purchasing egg products. Citizens' perceived quality of egg products was related to two dimensions (i.e. product properties and responsible production), and there were differences in perceptions by sociodemographic groups (i.e. age, gender, education and country of residence). Responsible production was most valued by younger women with higher education. Also in the Netherlands and Romania, citizens had stronger preferences for product properties compared to responsible production, whilst in Germany, responsible production was appreciated more than product properties.

The study provides new information on citizens' perceived egg product quality and the role of a product's sustainability attributes in egg purchases. Furthermore, the results bring novel insights on the differences in perceptions amongst citizens living in nine European countries.

With this number the Library Review enters on its ninth year, and we send greetings to readers at home and abroad. Though the magazine was started just about the time when the depression struck the world, its success was immediate, and we are glad to say that its circulation has increased steadily every year. This is an eminently satisfactory claim to be able to make considering the times through which we have passed.

This viewpoint paper provides an overview of lessons learnt throughout the whole cycle of development to exploitation of digital solutions in health and wellbeing settings. This paper aims to address learnings that can be applied to all digital health technologies, including assistive technologies, apps, wearables, medical devices and serious games.

Based on the knowledge and experiences of working within a multidisciplinary team, the authors discuss lessons learnt through research and consultancy projects in digital health and translate these into pragmatic suggestions and recommendations.

Firstly, the importance of collaborating and co-creating with multidisciplinary stakeholders and end users throughout the whole project lifecycle is emphasised. Secondly, digital health solutions are not a means to an end, nor a panacea; decisions should be evidence-based and needs-driven. Thirdly, whenever possible, research designs and tools need to be more adaptive and personalised. Fourthly, the use of a mixed-method system approach and continuous evaluation throughout the project’s lifecycle is recommended to build up the evidence base. Fifthly, to ensure successful exploitation and implementation, a business case and timely bottom-up approach is recommended. Finally, to prevent research waste, it is our shared responsibility to collaborate with existing consortia and create an awareness of existing solutions and approaches.

In conclusion, collaborating in the field of digital health offered insights into how to be more purposeful and effective in development, evaluation and exploitation of digital health solutions. Moving this diverse and dynamic field forward is challenging but will contribute to greater long-term impact on society.

The Howard Shuttering Contractors case throws considerable light on the importance which the tribunals attach to warnings before dismissing an employee. In this case the tribunal took great pains to interpret the intention of the parties to the different site agreements, and it came to the conclusion that the agreed procedure was not followed. One other matter, which must be particularly noted by employers, is that where a final warning is required, this final warning must be “a warning”, and not the actual dismissal. So that where, for example, three warnings are to be given, the third must be a “warning”. It is after the employee has misconducted himself thereafter that the employer may dismiss.

OUR various accounts of the Portsmouth Conference, and the official record of it which is now in the hands of readers shows that it may be regarded as a successful one. It was specially notable for the absence of those bickerings and differences which must inevitably come to the surface at times. There may be something in the suggestion of one of our writers that the weather was a main factor. However that may be, there was uniform good temper, and we came away with the belief that a good week's work for librarianship had been done.

One more point calls for notice. It may be asked : Why is there any alphabetical arrangement under the word “and”?

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the nanofluid flow and heat transfer induced by two co- axially rotating disks using Buongiorno’s model. This model took into account the Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis effects due to the presence of nanoparticles.

The governing partial differential equation was transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation and solved numerically using shooting techniques.

The present work is a comparison study of Maxwell-Garnett model and modified Maxwell model for the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids. The effects of different involved parameters on velocity and temperature profile are examined graphically. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and studied.

It is found that the results of azimuthal velocity profile are an increasing function of upper disk stretching parameter. The radial and axial velocity profile is enlarged for a large value of lower stretching parameter. Fluid temperature decays for large values Reynolds number and lower disk stretching parameter.

The interesting ceremony described in another part of our columns has once more recalled attention to one of the most remarkable characters in the annals of British librarianship. When Mr. Thomas Greenwood endeavoured, at the Plymouth meeting of the Library Association, to interest librarians in the man who had done so much for the craft, it must be confessed that his appeal, for various reasons, did not succeed in arousing so much enthusiasm as might have been expected. For one thing, a considerable proportion of the librarians who attended the Plymouth conference were young men who had not been able to obtain access to the works which Edwards left behind him as his most enduring monument. Again, the prominence given to Ewart as the sole parent of the municipal library movement, had completely overshadowed Edwards' share in the work, and only a few student‐librarians knew anything about the part which Edwards had played in securing effective library legislation. On the other hand, the publications of Mr. Greenwood, of the Library Association itself, and other modern and accessible literature, contain frequent allusions to Edwards and his works, from which information could be obtained, and it is only necessary to cite, in this connection the various writings of Messrs. Axon, Ogle, Garnett, Greenwood, Sutton, Brown, and others.

MOST of you would receive at the recent Annual Conference, a circular illustrating a paper by Mr. Chivers on “Library Bookbinding,” in which he describes “an experiment carried out in a large library with a book bound from the sheets in improved binding, and a book purchased in the ordinary way and twice re‐bound.” The pamphlet in question forms a suitable introduction to my remarks.

HAVING outlined the scheme for monotyped catalogues, it only remains to consider it in its financial aspects. At Hampstead tenders were obtained for the same catalogue by monotype, linotype, and by ordinary setting up. It may be mentioned that the catalogue is of royal‐octavo size, in double columns, each being fifteen ems wide and fifty deep. Main entries are in bourgeois; subject‐headings are set (by hand) in clarendon, and the entries under such headings are put in brevier. Notes and contents were specified for either minion or nonpareil, and many lines break into part‐italics. The monotype machine provided all these founts except the two already mentioned—italic numerals and clarendon. We had to do without the former type, but the latter not being numerous are easily carried in as wanted from an ordinary case. Naturally, I cannot give the exact figures of the accepted tender, but it may be stated that in our particular case the cheapest quotation was for linotype work, although there was not much difference between that and monotyping; whilst for both these methods worked out at appreciably less than the quotations for ordinary hand‐work.