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The purpose of this paper is to introduce practitioners and practice-based academics to the relevance of historical study to learning disability research.

States need to balance conceptual history against that of learning disabled individuals; reviews existing literature; offers guidelines for prospective historians; gives sample of findings from author's work elsewhere; draws conclusions.

Research which is conceptually based and goes back before the rise of the long-stay institutions reveals the historical contingency of learning disability not only as a concept but as a supposed “natural kind”, and exposes the more durable historical permanence of the phobia that creates “extreme outgroups”.

Of the very small amount of historical scholarship that engages with conceptual history before the modern era, none of it till now has sought to enquire about the relevance of its findings to current practice.

The Minister of Technology, Mr. Anthony Wedgwood Benn, has appointed Dr. E. V. D. Glazier as Director of the Royal Radar Establishment, Malvern, with effect from 1st September, 1967. Other appointments include Mr. F. H. Scrimshaw as Director‐General of Electronics Research and Development, Ministry of Technology, and Mr. John R. Mills as Director of the Signals Research and Development Establishment, Christchurch, in succession to Mr. Cedric J. Stephens. The latter appointment was effective on 25th September, and Mr. Stephens took up his appointment as Chief Scientific Adviser at the Home Office on the same day.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss stigma and insensitive communication surrounding mental illness discourse amongst adolescents in the Polokwane Local Municipality against the background of a Foucauldian lens.

The literature reviewed included a discussion of perspectives on stigma and insensitive communication, contextualisation of the dual health–belief system in South Africa and the Foucauldian governmentality theoretical perspective. The methodology was based on a Foucauldian orientation and Geertz’ interpretivism. The methods followed to analyse the discourse were Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA), coupled with Geertz' “thick description.” The data were collected from six focus group discussions, which consisted of a total of 36 informants.

The findings indicated the dominance of the biomedicine discourse, neoliberal rationalisations for self-care and the policy of deinstitutionalisation.

The implications for practice using an FDA approach combined with an interpretivist stance exposes the actions, institutions, possibilities for action whilst understanding core beliefs in a complex dual health and religious belief setting. The addition of Geertz’s interpretivism adds a cultural flare and insight, which adds to the depth of the analysis.

The complexity of beliefs, experiences and health choices calls for culturally sensitive discourse about mental illness and also highlights how discourse about individual conduct and self-care is embedded in the discourse used by adolescents.

The purpose of this paper is to comment on the article “Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus: Our Heritage – the role of heritage exhibitions in tackling social isolation.”

This provides some further reflection and points for discussion on topics arising from the themes in the original article.

Issues are raised about the medicalisation of conditions and the ways in which a social and cultural model of disability challenges preconceptions and assumptions about personhood and victim status. Reference is made to the broader context of hidden histories and the ways in which people with learning disabilities are now taking active roles in reclaiming the story of their lives in the past and now.

The paper aims to raise awareness of critical issues of learning disability history prompted by the original paper.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on the article by Flynn et al.

In this commentary, the authors will develop some further thoughts about the importance of empathy, its relational nature and place in practice. The authors use some examples from systemic practice to illustrate.

Social psychological research underlines the importance of empathy in practice. Systemic practice and other collaborative approaches that ask about the experiences and abilities of people with a learning disability and their networks can support new possibilities as network members are listened to, included and respected.

The relational nature of empathy and its connection with practice is explored in this paper.

A DSIR Sponsored Research Programme on the Development and Application of the Matrix Force Method and the Digital Computer. This work presents a rational method for the structural analysis of stressed skin fuselages for application in conjunction with the digital computer. The theory is a development of the matrix force method which permits a close integration of the analysis and the programming for a computer operating with a matrix interpretive scheme. The structural geometry covered by the analysis is sufficiently arbitrary to include most cases encountered in practice, and allows for non‐conical taper, double‐cell cross‐sections and doubly connected rings. An attempt has been made to produce a highly standardized procedure requiring as input information only the simplest geometrical and elastic data. An essential feature is the use of the elimination and modification technique subsequent to the main analysis of the regularized structure in which all cutouts have been filled in. Current Summary A critical historical appraisal of previous work in the Western World on fuselage analysis is given in the present issue together with an outline of the ideas underlying the new theory.

ACCORDING to Saint‐Venant's Principle, the distribution of stress in a body at points remote from the region of application of the applied loads is independent of the mode of application of these loads, being dependent only on their resultant (REF. 1).

Architects' requirements for information, related both to their jobs and to the information itself, are little studied, as shown by the few user requirement surveys in this discipline. Goodey and Matthews, the Department of the Environment, the RIBA and others have described some of the habits and preferences of architects for information. These may be summarized as:

Effect of Tensile Stresses in the Bottom Skin WE now come to the investigation of the effect of tensile stresses in the bottom skin. In this case, the analysis is necessarily more complicated than the preceding, but it will be found that the mathematical work is essentially the same, and that we have the same basic equations simply with more terms in them. In particular, the condition for minimum strain energy is the same as equation (9), but the expressions for X and Y are more complicated. As before, the quantity Y depends only on the structure of the wing, while X depends on both the structure and the applied loads. The quantity Z is the same as before.