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Building upon humans’ trichromatic vision systems, dual-process theory and halo effects, this paper aims to examine the effects of red and green color brightness of food pictures on customers’ evaluations and purchase intention of restaurant food.

The proposed hypotheses were tested across three experimental designed studies on a total of 575 participants. Multilevel analysis, analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance were applied for data analysis.

This paper provides empirical evidence of the effects of red brightness and green brightness on customers’ affective and cognitive evaluation of food and purchase intention in Study 1. Study 2 validates the effects of red and green brightness on food evaluation with the presence of nutrition information. Study 3 further elaborates on the halo effects of color brightness on customers’ favorable intentions to patronize a restaurant and willingness to pay for a meal in a controlled lab experiment.

One main limitation is that this paper focuses on unveiling the role of color brightness and does not consider other picture properties, which opens an avenue for future research.

This paper includes implications for food promotion and management of customers’ experience via food pictures.

This paper is one of the first attempts to reveal the effects of red and green brightness of food pictures on customers’ food evaluation and food consumption behavioral intentions.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated engineering process control (EPC)–statistical process control (SPC) methodology for simultaneously monitoring and controlling autocorrelated multiple responses, namely, brightness and viscosity of the pulp bleaching process.

The pulp bleaching is a process of separating cellulose from impurities present in cooked wood chips through chemical treatment. More chemical dosage or process adjustments may result in better brightness but adversely affect viscosity. Hence, the optimum chemical dosage that would simultaneously minimize the deviation of pulp brightness and viscosity from their respective targets needs to be determined. Since the responses are autocorrelated, dynamic regression is used to model the responses. Then, the optimum chemical dosage that would simultaneously optimize the pulp brightness and viscosity is determined by fuzzy optimization methodology.

The suggested methodology is validated in 12 cases. The validation results showed that the optimum dosage simultaneously minimized the variation in brightness and viscosity around their respective targets. Moreover, suggested solution has been found to be superior to the one obtained by optimizing the responses independently.

This study provides valuable information on how to identify the optimum process adjustments to simultaneously ensure autocorrelated multiple responses on or close to their respective targets.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to provide application of the integrated EPC–SPC methodology for simultaneously monitoring multiple responses. The study also demonstrates the application of dynamic regression to model autocorrelated responses.

This research explores the differential effects of pixel-level and object-level visual complexity in firm-generated content (FGC) on consumer engagement in terms of the number of likes and shares, and further investigates the moderating role of image brightness.

Drawing on a deep learning analysis of 85,975 images on a social media platform in China, this study investigates visual complexity in FGC.

The results indicate that pixel-level complexity increases both the number of likes and shares. Object-level complexity has a U-shaped relationship with the number of likes, while it has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the number of shares. Moreover, image brightness mitigates the effect of pixel-level complexity on likes but amplifies the effect on shares; contrarily, it amplifies the effect of object-level complexity on likes, while mitigating its effect on shares.

Although images play a critical role in FGC, visual data analytics has rarely been used in social media research. This study identified two types of visual complexity and investigated their differential effects. We discuss how the processing of information embedded in visual content influences consumer engagement. The findings enrich the literature on social media and visual marketing.

ALTHOUGH tubular fluorescent lamps have been used very extensively in industry since their introduction in March, 1940, there is still doubt in many minds as to why they should be preferred to older and more conventional forms of light sources. There is a general tendency to think of them only as sources similar to natural daylight in their colour rendering properties, and to overlook their other exceptional properties. To the lighting engineer daylight rendering is only one, and probably not the most important, of their qualifications. In an attempt to demonstrate the part which these lamps can play in industry, especially at the present time, this article has been written.

Images and caption descriptions serve as important visual stimuli that influence consumer preferences; therefore, the current study focuses on property images and captions illustrated on the home pages of accommodation-sharing platforms. Specifically, this study investigates the relative importance of hue, brightness and saturation of a property image and caption description styles on potential consumers’ preferences.

A mixed-method approach was used, and a total of 293 valid responses were collected through a discrete choice experiment approach. Interviews were conducted for additional analyses to explore the detailed explanations.

The utility model demonstrated that the image’s saturation was the most critical attribute perceived by the respondents, followed by caption description style, hue and brightness.

This is one of the first studies to investigate the display of attributes on a digital accommodation platform by exploring potential customers’ stated preferences. This study focuses explicitly on images and captions illustrated on the home page of an accommodation booking platform. Detailed image investigation is also a new research area in sharing economy-related research.

The purpose of this study is to reduce the gloss of the surface of silk fabrics, by treating the fabrics with tea and matting agent, to imitate the aging and retro effects of silk artefacts.

Silk fabrics were treated with different processing techniques. The aged appearance and surface gloss of the silk fabrics were characterised by sensory analysis, measurement of reflectivity, scanning electron microscopy, measurement of brightness and chroma to identify the influential factors.

The application of matting agent on silk fabrics could reduce the lustre of silk fabrics. Treated with matting agent and tea pigments, silk fabrics could be “aged” to achieve retro effects within a relatively short period of time. A number of other factors and mechanisms that affect the reflectivity of the silk fabrics were also identified.

There is no definite index to evaluate the antique effect of fabrics.

The method developed through this study provided a simple and practical solution to achieving aging and retro effects on silk fabrics.

The method for reducing the lustre of silk fabrics by treating them with matting agent is novel and the finding of the relationships among reflectivity and brightness and chroma is original.

A product colour plays an important role in consumers’ preferences. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the impact of the three-dimensional character of colour (brightness, saturation and vividness) on children’s behaviour towards a food product and as a source of well-being.

Two experiments were conducted. Study 1 was conducted with 62 children and used four visuals of syrup presenting two colours (red/green) and two variations of vividness (vivid/dim). Study 2 was conducted with 70 children and used four pictures of stewed apples and four pictures of pouches to test the influence of each dimension of colour on children’s preferences for the product and the product packaging.

Results show that the three-dimensional character of colour plays an important role in children’s gustatory inferences and well-being.

The study is restricted to one food product (in each study) habitually consumed by children. Other products could be investigated to show how colour can contribute to children’s well-being.

The paper addresses the issue of well-being as a potential brand-positioning element.

The paper suggests new avenues to use the brightness/saturation or vividness of a product or packaging colour as a potential element to arouse positive sensations that generate children’s well-being even when the product is not a preferred one.

This works initiates creative thinking concerning the impact of a product colour on children consumers.

In the 1970s, rapid developments and changing technology enabled the transition from an industrial to an information society to speed up, meanwhile causing cybernetic, biomimetics and space research to accelerate. In this period, some changes appeared in the needs of people, resulting in the production of fibers and yarns that are functionally hygienic, anti bacterial, able to breathe, and resistant to ultraviolet (UV)-rays. While material criteria were becoming important in textile design in light of these changes, new esthetic effects that emerged which depended on the materials used in textile products also appeared.

Different visualities were obtained as impressions such as iridescence, dull-brightness, voluminosity, and relief-like impressions in fabrics by high-tech innovations which created fibers, yarns and finishing processes in particular and properties of touch, such as softness, slipperiness, and super fluidity. Comparisons of fabrics were made between artificial and natural materials, and included in aesthetical renovations.

In consideration of such data, the subject of this paper within the context of innovation brought about for clothing fabrics by high-tech fibers and yarns is as follows: the design and production of different aesthetical and visual-effect clothing fabrics with brightness and shimmering qualities in voluminous, puffy and relief-like impressions by using stainless steel and retro reflective yarns that are products of high-tech.

For this purpose, 12 apparel fabrics have been designed and produced. The above-mentioned visual effects are studied in these fabrics and related differences established based on type and number of yarn, weave, and density, and structure of fabric.

The different approach in this study is that voluminous, puffy, shimmering and brightness effects in clothing fabrics are obtained by stainless steel and retro reflective yarns in single and double layer structures, and as patterned fabrics. Therefore, brightness and patterns could be differently conceived based on the type of light by day or night. Another difference is that 100% stainless steel yarn is used and spun.

The purpose of this study is to determine required paint and silicone proportions, their mixing rate and duration to eliminate the pattern problems caused by the misuse of silicone polymers in hammertone paints. Results of the findings aim at preventing raw material, manufacturing time and labour losses in hammertone paint production.

A paint formulation produced commercially was used. The effects of silicone proportion and mixing rate and paint and pigment density on the pattern formation within the paints, to which the spray painting method was applied, were investigated. Brightness controls of the produced paints were done, and the effect of the additive polymer on brightness was investigated. Photographs of paints for each practice were taken.

The most suitable silicone proportion and mixing conditions for the silver grey paints, in which Al non-leafing pigments were used, were calculated as 0.034-0.036 g/kg-paint and 15 s at 200 rpm, respectively. It was observed that the increase in pigment density increased required silicone proportion for the desired pattern. It was determined that mixing rate and duration were very significant in pattern formation, and that silicone decomposed and the pattern was disrupted in long-continued mixings. In addition, excess silicone use disrupted the pattern and decreased the paint brightness.

This research was conducted for hammertone paints, which are industrial and self-patterned aluminium silvered decorative paints. The results can be used for hammertone paint production.

The results will enable manufacturers to produce hammertone paints more economically. Results can be used in the paint industry to produce such paint.

It is crucial to produce high-quality products using less raw materials in today’s industry, where the amount of raw materials is decreasing, and economical and reliable production is becoming increasingly important. When environmental impacts in the solvent-based paint industry are taken into consideration, paint production in shorter times is important for both workers’ and environmental health. As a result of this study, hammertone paints will be produced more economically by appropriate production conditions yet without any energy, raw material and time loss.

This specification was originally published in December, 1939, and is one of a large number of Specifications for A.R.P. purposes published at the request of the Ministry of Home Security by the Institution since the outbreak of war.